Edexcel IAL P2 Exercise 2C (Solution)
Edexcel IAL P2 Exercise 2C (Solution)
Edexcel IAL P2 Exercise 2C (Solution)
1 a (=
x1 , y1 ) (=3, 2 ) , r 4
So ( x − 3) + ( y − 2 ) =
2 2
42
( x − 3) + ( y − 2 ) =
2 2
16
b ( x1 , y1 ) = ( −4,5) , r = 6
So ( x − ( −4 ) ) + ( y − 5 ) =62
2 2
( x + 4 ) + ( y − 5) =
2 2
36
c ( x1 , y1 ) =( 5, −6 ) , r =2 3
( )
2
So ( x − 5 ) + ( y − ( −6 ) ) = 2 3
2 2
( 3)
2
( x − 5) + ( y + 6 )
2 2
22
=
( x − 5) + ( y + 6 ) =
2 2
4×3
( x − 5) + ( y + 6 ) = 12
2 2
( x1 , y1 )
d= (=
2a, 7 a ) , r 5a
So ( x − 2a ) + ( y − 7 a ) =( 5a )
2 2 2
( x − 2a ) + ( y − 7 a ) =
2 2
25a 2
e ( −2
( x1 , y1 ) = )
2, −3 2 , r =
1
( ( )) + ( y − ( −3 2 ))
2 2
So x − −2 2 =12
(x + 2 2) +( y +3 2)
2 2
1
=
( x + 5) + ( y − 4 ) =
2 2
2 a 92
( x − ( −5) ) + ( y − 4 )2 =92
2
( x − 7 ) + ( y − 1) =
2 2
b 16
( x − 7 ) + ( y − 1) =
2 2
42
The centre of the circle is (7, 1) and the radius is 4.
( x + 4) + y2 =
2
c 25
( x − ( −4 ) ) + ( y − 0 )2 =52
2
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( x + 4a ) + ( y + a ) =
2 2
2 d 144a 2
( x − ( −4a ) ) + ( y − ( −a ) ) =(12a )2
2 2
The centre of the circle is (–4a, –a) and the radius is 12a.
( ) ( )=
2 2
e x −3 5 + y+ 5 27
( x − 3 5 ) + ( y − ( − 5 )) =( )
2 2 2
27
Now=
27 9×3
= 9× 3 =
3 3
(
The centre of the circle is 3 5, − 5 and the radius is 3 3. )
3 a Substitute x = 4, y = 8 into (x – 2)2 + (y – 5)2 = 13
(x – 2)2 + (y – 5)2 = (4 – 2)2 + (8 – 5)2 = 22 + 32 = 4 + 9 = 13
So the circle passes through (4, 8).
(
) + ( y − 5 ) =( 2 10 )
2 2 2
e Substitute x =5, y =
− 5 into x − 3 5
( ) ( 5) = ( 5 − 3 5 ) + (− 5 − 5 ) = ( −2 5 ) + ( −2 5 )
2 2 2 2 2 2
x −3 5 + y−
40 ( 40 )
2
= 4×
= 5 + 4 × 5 20 =
+ 20 =
Now
= 40 4 ×10
= 4 × 10 =
2 10
So the circle passes through ( 5, − 5 . )
4 The radius of the circle is
( 4 − 8) + ( ( −2 ) − 1)
2
( x2 − x1 ) + ( y2 − y1 ) =
2 2 2
= 42 + 32
= 16 + 9
= 25
=5
2
2
7
+ ( 2)
2
=
2
49
= +4
4
49 16
= +
4 4
65
=
4
−3 into ( x − 3) + ( y + 4 ) =
2 2
6 Substitute x =
1, y = r2
2 2
(1 − 3) + ( −3 + 4 ) =r 2
2 2
( −2 ) + (1) =r2
5 = r2
So r= 5
7 a Substitute ( 2, 2 ) into ( x − 2 ) + ( y − 4 ) =
2 2
r2
( 2 − 2) + ( 2 − 4) =
2 2
r2
02 + ( −2 ) =r 2
2
r2 = 4
r=2
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7 b The distance between (2, 2) and 2 + 3,5 is ( )
( 2 + 3 − 2)
2
( x2 − x1 ) + ( y2 − y1 ) + (5 − 2)
2 2 2
=
( 3) + 3
2
2
=
= 3+9
= 12
=( − 3 ) + ( 3)
2 2
= 3+9
= 12
(( 2 − 3 ) − ( 2 + 3 ) ) + ( 5 − 5)
2
( x2 − x1 ) + ( y2 − y1 ) =
2 2 2
(2 − 3 − 2 − 3)
2
= + 02
( −2 3 )
2
=
= 4×3
= 12
PQ, QR and PR all equal 12 .
So ∆PQR is equilateral.
2
0 into the form ( x − a ) + y 2 =
8 a Rearrange x 2 + y 2 − 4 x − 11 = r2
x 2 − 4 x − 11 + y 2 =
0
Completing the square gives
2
( x − 2) − 4 − 11 + y 2 =
0
2
( x − 2) + y2 =
15
9 a x2 + y2 − 10x + 4y − 20 = 0
x2 − 10x + y2 + 4y − 20 = 0
Completing the square gives
(x − 5)2 − 25 + (y + 2)2 − 4 − 20 = 0
(x − 5)2 + (y + 2)2 = 49
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9 b Centre of the circle = (5, −2), radius = 7
10 a x2 + y2 − 2x + 8y − 8 = 0
x2 − 2x + y2 + 8y − 8 = 0
Completing the square gives
(x − 1)2 − 1 + (y + 4)2 − 16 − 8 = 0
(x − 1)2 + (y + 4)2 = 25
Centre of the circle = (1, −4), radius = 5
b x2 + y2 + 12x − 4y = 9
x2 + 12x + y2 − 4y = 9
Completing the square gives
(x + 6)2 − 36 + (y − 2)2 − 4 = 9
(x + 6)2 + (y − 2)2 = 49
Centre of the circle = (−6, 2), radius = 7
c x2 + y2 − 6y = 22x − 40
x2 − 22x + y2 − 6y = −40
Completing the square gives
(x − 11)2 − 121 + (y − 3)2 − 9 = −40
(x − 11)2 + (y − 3)2 = 90
Centre of the circle = (11, 3), radius = 90 = 3 10
d x2 + y2 + 5x − y + 4 = 2y + 8
x2 + 5x + y2 − 3y = 4
Completing the square gives
2 2
5 25 3 9
4
x+ − + y− − =
2 4 2 4
2 2
5 3 25
x+ + y− =
2 2 2
5 3 5 5 2
Centre of the circle = − , , radius = =
2 2 2 2
e 2x2 + 2y2 − 6x + 5y = 2x − 3y − 3
2x2 − 8x + 2y2 + 8y = −3
Completing the square gives
2((x − 2)2 − 4) + 2((y + 2)2 − 4) = −3
2(x − 2)2 − 8 + 2(y + 2)2 − 8 = −3
2(x − 2)2 + 2(y + 2)2 = 13
13
(x − 2)2 + (y + 2)2 =
2
13 26
Centre of the circle = (2, −2), radius = =
2 2
11 a x2 + y2 + 12x + 2y = k
x2 + 12x + y2 + 2y = k
(x + 6)2 − 36 + (y + 1)2 − 1 = k
(x + 6)2 + (y + 1)2 = k + 37
Centre of the circle = (−6, −1)
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11 b A circle must have a positive radius, so k + 37 > 0
So k > −37
Challenge
2 x2 + y2 + 2fx + 2gy + c = 0
Rearranging the equation:
x2 + 2fx + y2 + 2gy + c = 0
Completing the square gives
(x + f )2 − f 2 + (y + g)2 − g2 + c = 0
(x + f)2 + (y + g)2 = f 2 + g2 − c
The centre of the circle is (−f, −g) and the radius is f 2 + g2 − c .
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