Schmitt Trigger
Schmitt Trigger
Schmitt Trigger
ﺣﺘﻤ ﹰﺎ ﺗﺎﻛﻨﻮﻥ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺪﺍﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﻚﺳﻮﻳﻴﭻ ) (Single Switchﺁﺷﻨﺎ ﺷﺪﻩﺍﻳﺪ .ﻭﻳﮋﮔﻲ ﺍﺻﻠﻲ ﺍﻳﻦ
ﻼ ﺍﮔﺮ ﻣﺪﺍﺭﻱ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﺳﻮﻳﻴﭻ ﻣﺪﺍﺭﻫﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﻳﻚ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﺳﻮﻳﻴﭻ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ؛ ﻣﺜ ﹰ
ﻭﻟﺘﺎﮊﻱ Vtﺑﺎﺷﺪ ،ﻭﻗﺘﻲ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻭﻟﺘﺎﮊ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﻱ ﺍﺯ Vtﮔﺬﺭ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ ،ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪﻛﺮﺩ.
ﺍﻣﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪﺍﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﻭ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﻩ ) (Double Switchingﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺩﺍﺭﻳﻢ .ﺍﺯ
ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺪﺍﺭﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻨﺴﻮﺭﻫﺎ ) (Sensorsﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ .ﻣﺜ ﹰ
ﻼ ﺳﻨﺴﻮﺭ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ
ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﺗﺮﺷﺪﻥ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﺗﺎﻧﻚ ﺍﺯ ﻳﻚ ﺣﺪ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ،ﺷﻴﺮ ﺑﺨﺎﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺒﻨﺪﺩ ﻳﺎ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ
ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺷﺪﻥ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺍﺯ ﻳﻚ ﺣﺪ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﺷﻴﺮ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎﺯﻛﻨﺪ .ﻭﺍﺿﺢ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ،ﻣﺪﺍﺭﻫﺎﻱ
ﺗﻚﺳﻮﻳﻴﭻ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻟﻲ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻧﻴﺴﺘﻨﺪ .ﻭﻳﮋﮔﻲ ﻣﻬﻤﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺪﺍﺭﻫﺎﻱ
ﺩﻭﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﻩ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻥ ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﺷﺪ ،ﻫﻴﺴﺘﺮﺯﻳﺲ ﻧﺎﻡ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ .ﻫﻴﺴﺘﺮﺯﻳﺲ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻌﻨﻲ
ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺩﻭ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﺳﻮﻳﻴﭻ ﺑﺎﻻ ) ( Upper Trigger Point = UTPﻭ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﺳﻮﻳﻴﭻ
ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ) ( Lower Trigger Point = LTPﺍﺳﺖ.
ﻳﻜﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻬﻤﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﺪﺍﺭﺍﺕ ﺩﻭﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﻩ ،ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺍﺷﻤﻴﺖ ﺗﺮﻳﮕﺮ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ .ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﻫﻢ ﺑﺎ
ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﻭ ﻫﻢ ﺑﺎ op-ampﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﭘﻴﺎﺩﻩﺳﺎﺯﻱ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭﻱ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻨﺠﺎ
ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﺤﺚ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ .ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺁﻥ ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺎﻱ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ
ﺍﺳﺖ.
ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺸﻬﺎﻱ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ،ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺗﺌﻮﺭﻱ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻗﺖ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ .ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ
ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﻣﻘﺎﺩﻳﺮ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ ﻭ ﺩﻗﺖ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﺎﺕ
ﺧﻮﺩ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺫﻛﺮ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ.
ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﺘﻦ ﺭﺍ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺑﻴﺎﻭﺭﻳﺪ.
ﺩﻭ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ Q1ﻭ Q2ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺖ ﺍﻣﻴﺘﺮ ﻣﺸﺘﺮﻙ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ .ﻭﻟﺘﺎﮊ ﺑﻴﺲ Q2ﺍﺯ ﻛﻠﻜﺘﻮﺭ Q1ﻭ
ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻣﻘﺴﻢ ﻭﻟﺘﺎﮊ R1ﻭ R2ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ .ﺁﺭﺍﻳﺶ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺗﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ
ﺭﻭﺷﻦ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ Q2 ، Q1ﺧﺎﻣﻮﺵ ﻭ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﺭﻭﺷﻦ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ Q1 ، Q2ﺧﺎﻣﻮﺵ ﺍﺳﺖ.
ﻭﻗﺘﻲ ﻭﻟﺘﺎﮊ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﻱ ﺻﻔﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ Q1 ،ﺧﺎﻣﻮﺵ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﻭﻟﺘﺎﮊ ﻛﻠﻜﺘﻮﺭ ﺁﻥ ﺑﺎﻻﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪﺑﻮﺩ.
ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﻟﺘﺎﮊ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ R1ﻭ R2ﺑﻪ ﺑﻴﺲ Q2ﻣﻨﺘﻘﻞ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ Q2ﺭﺍ ﺭﻭﺷﻦ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ .ﻭﻟﺘﺎﮊ
ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ Vcc – Rc2 * I2ﺍﺳﺖ.
ﻭﻗﺘﻲ ﻭﻟﺘﺎﮊ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﻱ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ ،ﻭﻟﺘﺎﮊ ﻛﻠﻜﺘﻮﺭ Q1ﺍﻓﺖ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻭﻟﺘﺎﮊ ﺍﻣﻴﺘﺮ ﺁﻥ )ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ
ﺍﻣﻴﺘﺮ Q2ﻣﺸﺘﺮﻙ ﺍﺳﺖ( ﺷﺮﻭﻉ ﺑﻪﺯﻳﺎﺩ ﺷﺪﻥ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ .ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ ﺷﺪﻥ ﻭﻟﺘﺎﮊ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﻱ ﺩﻭ
ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺑﻪﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ :
ﻳﻜﻲ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻭﻟﺘﺎﮊ ﺑﻴﺲ Q2ﺑﻪﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻭﻟﺘﺎﮊ ﻛﻠﻜﺘﻮﺭ Q1ﻭ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﻟﺘﺎﮊ ﺍﻣﻴﺘﺮ
Q2ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻭ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺳﺮﻳﻊ ﻭﻟﺘﺎﮊ ﺑﻴﺲ–ﺍﻣﻴﺘﺮ Q2ﺧﻮﺍﻫﻨﺪﺷﺪ .ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺛﺮ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ
ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﻣﻲﺑﺨﺸﺪ ،ﻧﻮﻋﻲ ﻓﻴﺪﺑﻚ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ ﺍﺳﺖ .ﺑﺎ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻭﻟﺘﺎﮊ ﺑﻴﺲ-
ﺍﻣﻴﺘﺮ ،ﺳﺮﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ Q2ﺧﺎﻣﻮﺵ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﻭﻟﺘﺎﮊ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﺑﻪ Vccﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺭﺳﻴﺪ .ﺍﻛﻨﻮﻥ ﻫﺮﭼﻪ
ﻭﻟﺘﺎﮊ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﻱ ﺭﺍ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ ،ﺩﺭ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﻱ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﻧﺨﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ.
ﺩﻭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺑﺎﺯﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﻳﻢ .ﻓﺮﺽ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ Q1ﺭﻭﺷﻦ ﻭ Q2ﺧﺎﻣﻮﺵ ﺍﺳﺖ.
ﺑﺎ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻭﻟﺘﺎﮊ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﻱ ﻭ ﮔﺬﺭ ﺁﻥ ﺍﺯ LTPﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺑﻪﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﻛﺮﺩ.
ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺩﺳﺘﻴﺎﺑﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻳﻚ UTPﻣﻌﻠﻮﻡ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﺳﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ .ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﻳﻦﻛﺎﺭ ﻓﺮﺽ
ﻣﻲﻛﻨﻴﻢ Q1ﺧﺎﻣﻮﺵ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺁﺳﺘﺎﻧﻪ ﺭﻭﺷﻦ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ.
ﭘﺮﺳﺶ :ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﻫﻴﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﻭﻟﺘﺎﮊ ﺑﻴﺲ ﻫﺮﺩﻭ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﺑﺎ UTPﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ.
ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻛﺎﺭ ،ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺘﻬﺎﻱ R1ﻭ R2ﻭ Rc1ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻳﻚ ﻭﻟﺘﺎﮊ ﺑﺎﻳﺎﺱ ﭘﺎﻳﺪﺍﺭ ﺩﺭ
ﺑﻴﺲ Q2ﺍﺳﺖ .ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﺠﺎ ﻛﻪ R1ﻭ R2ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺁﻥﻗﺪﺭ ﺑﺰﺭﮒ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺍﺛﺮ ﺑﺎﺭﮔﺬﺍﺭﻱ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﺮ
Rc1ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ،ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺐ ،ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺍﻣﻴﺘﺮ ﺭﺍ ﺩﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺖ R2ﺩﺭ
ﻧﻈﺮﻣﻲﮔﻴﺮﻳﻢ.
ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺑﻪﺍﺯﺍﻱ LTPﻣﻌﻠﻮﻡ ،ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺎ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ Rc1ﺑﻪ ﺍﺯﺍﻱ UTP
ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﻴﻢ .ﺑﺮﺍﻱ LTPﻣﻌﻠﻮﻡ ،ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺣﺎﻟﺘﻲﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺑﮕﻴﺮﻳﻢ ﻛﻪ Q1ﺭﻭﺷﻦ
ﻭ Q2ﺧﺎﻣﻮﺵ ﻭ ﺩﺭﺁﺳﺘﺎﻧﻪ ﺭﻭﺷﻦ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ.ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﻭﻟﺘﺎﮊ ﺑﻴﺲﺩﻭﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ
LTPﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺑﻮﺩ.
ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ : ١-١
ﻳﻚ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺍﺷﻤﻴﺖ ﺗﺮﻳﮕﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎﺕ ) UTP = 5(vﻭ ) LTP = 2(vﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ .ﺍﺯ
ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ 2N3904ﻭ ) Vcc = 12(vﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ .ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﺎﺕ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ
ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﻘﺎﺩﻳﺮ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭﻟﺘﺎﮊﻫﺎﻱ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺭﻭﺷﻦ ﻭ
ﺧﺎﻣﻮﺵ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺑﻴﺎﻭﺭﻳﺪ.
ﭘﺮﺳﺶ :ﺑﻪ ﻋﻠﺖ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﻣﻘﺎﺩﻳﺮ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ،ﻧﻘﺎﻁ ﺳﻮﻳﻴﭻ ﺩﻗﻴﻘ ﹰﺎ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﻣﻘﺎﺩﻳﺮ ﺧﻮﺍﺳﺘﻪ
ﺷﺪﻩ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ .ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ ﻭ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﻫﻴﺪ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﺎ
ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻗﺖ ﺩﻟﺨﻮﺍﻩ ﺩﺳﺖﻳﺎﻓﺖ.
ﻛﺎﺭ ﺑﻪﻋﻠﺖ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺑﺎﻳﺎﺱ ﻣﻌﻜﻮﺱ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻪ ﺑﻴﺲ-ﺍﻣﻴﺘﺮ ،ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺭﻭﺷﻦ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻣﻲﺩﻫﺪ.
ﻳﻚ ﺭﺍﻩ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺏ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻫﺮ ﺩﻭ ﺧﺎﺻﻴﺖ ﻓﻮﻕ ،ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻳﻚ ﺧﺎﺯﻥ ﻣﻮﺍﺯﻱ ﺑﺎ
ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺖ ﺑﻴﺲ )ﺧﺎﺯﻥ C1ﺩﺭ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ( ﺍﺳﺖ .ﺍﻳﻦ ﺧﺎﺯﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﺭﻭﺷﻦ ﺷﺪﻥ
ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ،ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﻛﻮﺗﺎﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍﺳﺮﻳﻌﺘﺮ ﺭﻭﺷﻦ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ ﻭﺩﺭ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﻗﻄﻊ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ،
ﺑﺎ ﻇﺎﻫﺮ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﻳﻚ ﻭﻟﺘﺎﮊ ﻣﻨﻔﻲ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺑﻴﺲ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺧﺎﻣﻮﺵ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ.
ﺧﺎﺯﻥ ﺗﺴﺮﻳﻊ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺁﻥﻗﺪﺭ ﺑﺰﺭﮒ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺭﻭﺷﻦ
ﺷﺪﻥ ،ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺁﻥ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﺑﻤﺎﻧﺪ )ﻳﻌﻨﻲ ﺧﺎﺯﻥ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ %١٠ﺷﺎﺭﮊ ﻧﺸﻮﺩ( .ﻳﻌﻨﻲ ﺩﺍﺭﻳﻢ :
= 0.1*R*Cﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺭﻭﺷﻦ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ
ﻛﻪ Rﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺖ ﺷﺎﺭﮊﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺧﺎﺯﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ.
ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻑ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺍﮔﺮ ﺧﺎﺯﻥ ﺗﺴﺮﻳﻊ ﺧﻴﻠﻲ ﺑﺰﺭﮒ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ،ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺧﺎﻣﻮﺵ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﭘﺎﻟﺲ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﻱ،
ﺑﻪ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﻛﺎﻓﻲ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﻧﻤﻲﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﻓﺮﻛﺎﻧﺲ ﺳﻴﮕﻨﺎﻝ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ .ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﺧﺎﺯﻥ
ﺗﺴﺮﻳﻊ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺁﻥﻗﺪﺭ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺧﺎﻣﻮﺵ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﭘﺎﻟﺲ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﻱ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ %٩٠
ﺁﻥ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ .ﻳﻌﻨﻲ ﺩﺍﺭﻳﻢ :
= 2.3 * R * Cﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺧﺎﻣﻮﺵ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﭘﺎﻟﺲ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﻱ.
ﻛﻪ Rﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺖ ﺩﺷﺎﺭﮊﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺧﺎﺯﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ.
ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ : ١-٢
ﻳﻚ ﻣﻮﺝ ﺳﻴﻨﻮﺳﻲ ﺑﺎ ﻓﺮﻛﺎﻧﺲ 500kHzﻭ ﺩﺍﻣﻨﻪ ) Vpp = 8 (vﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﻱ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ
ﺍﺷﻤﻴﺖﺗﺮﻳﮕﺮ ﺍﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ .ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺧﺎﺯﻥ ﺗﺴﺮﻳﻊ C1ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪﺩﺳﺖ ﺁﻭﺭﻳﺪ ﻭ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ
ﺩﻭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻳﺎ ﻋﺪﻡ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ C1ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ ﻭ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻫﺮ ﺩﻭ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ ﻛﺎﺭ
ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ.
ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺩﻫﻴﺪ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺩﻫﻴﺪ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻳﻮﺩ ﻳﺎ ﻣﻘﺴﻢ ﻭﻟﺘﺎﮊ
ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻥ UTPﻭ LTPﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﻲ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ.