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    Pump Classifications:: Transportation of Fluids

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    Avinash Garikapati
    The document discusses different types of pumps used to transport fluids in chemical industries. There are two main types - positive displacement pumps and centrifugal pumps. Positive displacement pumps include reciprocating piston pumps and rotary gear pumps, which deliver a constant flow rate regardless of pressure. Centrifugal pumps use kinetic energy to increase pressure and are best for low viscosity liquids. The document also discusses specific speed, net positive suction head (NPSH), and how centrifugal pumps convert velocity to pressure increase.

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    Pump Classifications:: Transportation of Fluids

    Uploaded by

    Avinash Garikapati
    64 views2 pages
    The document discusses different types of pumps used to transport fluids in chemical industries. There are two main types - positive displacement pumps and centrifugal pumps. Positive displacement pumps include reciprocating piston pumps and rotary gear pumps, which deliver a constant flow rate regardless of pressure. Centrifugal pumps use kinetic energy to increase pressure and are best for low viscosity liquids. The document also discusses specific speed, net positive suction head (NPSH), and how centrifugal pumps convert velocity to pressure increase.

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    pumps classification

    Original Title

    Transportation of fluids

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    The document discusses different types of pumps used to transport fluids in chemical industries. There are two main types - positive displacement pumps and centrifugal pumps. Positive displacement pumps include reciprocating piston pumps and rotary gear pumps, which deliver a constant flow rate regardless of pressure. Centrifugal pumps use kinetic energy to increase pressure and are best for low viscosity liquids. The document also discusses specific speed, net positive suction head (NPSH), and how centrifugal pumps convert velocity to pressure increase.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    64 views2 pages

    Pump Classifications:: Transportation of Fluids

    Uploaded by

    Avinash Garikapati
    The document discusses different types of pumps used to transport fluids in chemical industries. There are two main types - positive displacement pumps and centrifugal pumps. Positive displacement pumps include reciprocating piston pumps and rotary gear pumps, which deliver a constant flow rate regardless of pressure. Centrifugal pumps use kinetic energy to increase pressure and are best for low viscosity liquids. The document also discusses specific speed, net positive suction head (NPSH), and how centrifugal pumps convert velocity to pressure increase.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    Transportation of fluids:

    Pump classifications:

    The liquids used in the chemical industries differ considerably in physical and chemical
    properties. And it has been necessary to develop a wide variety of pumping equipment.

    The two main forms are the positive displacement type and centrifugal pumps.

    In the former, the volume of liquid delivered is directly related to the displacement of the piston
    and therefore increases directly with speed and is not appreciably influenced by the pressure. In
    this group are the reciprocating piston pump and the rotary gear pump, both of which are
    commonly used for delivery against high pressures and where nearly constant delivery rates are
    required.

    The centrifugal type depends on giving the liquid a high kinetic energy which is then converted
    as efficiently as possible into pressure energy.

    For some applications, such as the handling of liquids which are particularly corrosive or contain
    abrasive solids in suspension, compressed air is used as the motive force instead of a mechanical
    pump.

    specific speed

    1/2 3/4
    For geometrically similar pumps, the quantity NQ / (gh) is a constant. It is called as the
    specific speed (Ns)of the pump.

    Specific speed may be defined as the speed of the pump which will produce unit flow Q against
    unit head h under conditions of maximum efficiency. Specific speed is a dimensionless quantity.

    NPSH

    Pumps may be arranged so that the inlet is under a suction head or the pump may be fed fom a
    tank.

    NPSH

    For any pump, the manufacturers specify the minimum value of the net positive suction head
    (NPSH) which must exist at the suction point of the pump. The NPSH is the amount by which
    the pressure at the suction point of the pump, expressed as the head of the liquid to be pumped,
    must exceed the vapor pressure of the liquid. For any installation this must be calculated, taking
    into account the absolute pressure of the liquid, the level of the pump, and the velocity and
    friction heads in the suction line. The NPSH must allow for the fall in pressure occasioned by the
    further acceleration of the liquid as it flows on to the impeller and for irregularities in the flow
    pattern in the pump. If the required value of NPSH is not obtained, partial vaporization if liable
    to occur, with the result that both the suction head and delivery head may be reduced. The loss of
    suction head is more important because it may cause the pump to be starved of liquid.

    Centrifugal pump Performance

    In the volute of the centrifugal pump, the cross section of the liquid path is greater than in the
    impeller, and in an ideal frictionless pump the drop from the velocity V to the lower velocity is
    converted according to Bernoulli's equation, to an increased pressure. This is the source of the
    discharge pressure of a centrifugal pump.

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