2020 Mid Term Soln PDF

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, ROURKELA
MID SEMESTER EXAMINATION, 2020

Session: 2019-20 Semester: Spring
Subject: Machine Tool Technology Deptt. Code: ME6202
Full marks: 80 This question paper contains 02 pages
Duration of examination: 2 hrs
Answer any FOUR questions, Begin answering each question from a new page, Answer all bits of a
question in continuous pages, and Draw necessary neat sketches.
Marks
1. a) What are the requirements for an ideal all-gear drive? Discuss with neat sketches the 10
various arrangements for speed changes in an all-geared drive.
b) For a lathe bed using a combination of flat and V-slide ways find out total radial deflection 10
in terms of average pressure.
a) An ideal all-gear drive

i. It transmits exact velocity ratio
and no slippage
ii. Can transmit low, medium and
large power
iii. Efficient
iv. Compact design
v. Reliable
Various arrangements for speed changes
in an all-geared drive
i. change gears
ii. sliding gears
iii. jaw clutch
iv. friction clutch
b)
Vertical lowering of the V-slideway by
𝐶𝑉 = 𝐶𝐵 sin 𝜆 + 𝐶𝐴 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜆
Horizontal displacement of the V-slideway by
𝐶ℎ = 𝐶𝐵 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜆 − 𝐶𝐴 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜆
Total radial deflection is given by
𝐶𝐵 sin 𝜆 + 𝐶𝐴 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜆 − 𝐶𝐶
𝐶𝐹𝑉 = 𝐶𝐵 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜆 − 𝐶𝐴 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜆 + ℎ
𝑏
C K Biswas
Signature of paper setter
2. a) What are the advantages and limitations of a cone pulley drive? 10
b) Explain the various forces and moments experienced on lathe bed. 10
a) Advantages of cone pulley drive given bellow them:

 Simple in design.
 Low investment, Cheaper where the motion is transmitted over a relatively long distance.
 Noiseless and smooth running which is particularly useful in finishing operations.
 High mechanical efficiency due to less friction loss.
 Rubberized belt drives can absorb shocks due to overload.
 Feasibility of group drive.
 Particularly no influence on the dimension and the size of the electric motor.
 The electric motor can be brought inside or at the bottom of the bed.
 No lubrication required
Disadvantages of pulleys
 It works makes use of friction while transferring motion hence there are chances of slip.
 It is not a suitable solution for very high-power transfer at high rpm.
 While taking mechanical advantage lifting distance increases.
 In long time fatigue and creep happens to rope.
 Not as reliable when compared with gears.
b)
 The force acting on the work piece at the given location of the cutting tool.
PZ– Tangential component, main force,
PX – Axial component, feed force,
PY – Transverse component, thrust
 Reaction forces in the vertical direction
RAZ the head stock center A
RBZ at tail stock center B
 Reaction forces in the horizontal direction
RAY = Reaction force at the head stock center A
RBY = Reaction force at the tail stock center B
 G = Weight of the work piece
G
 = Reactive force each acting at A and B
2
 K = Pressing force acting on w/p at the tailstock B
 Tightening force Px+K acting on w/p at the headstock A
C K Biswas
The torque transmitted to bed under the head stock
𝑃𝑍 𝑑 𝑃𝑍 𝑑 𝑃𝑦 𝑃𝑋 𝑑
𝑀𝑇𝐻𝑆 = + 𝑅𝐴𝑌 ℎ = +( + )ℎ
2 2 2 2𝐿
The torque transmitted to bed at the tail stock
𝑃𝑦 𝑃𝑋 𝑑
𝑀𝑇𝑇𝑆 = 𝑅𝐵𝑌 ℎ = ( − )ℎ
2 2𝐿
The torque transmitted to bed under the saddle
𝑃𝑍 𝑑
𝑀𝑇𝑆 = − − 𝑃𝑌 ℎ
2
C K Biswas
3. The motor speed is 1400 rpm and for special purpose lathe, a four speed gear box having 10+10
Nmin =100 rpm and Nmax = 600 rpm is necessary.
i. Draw the optimal Ray diagram.
ii. Find the number of teeth in the gears.
No of speeds Z = P1 P2 P3 …….= 21 × 21 = 4
𝑁𝑚𝑎𝑥 600
= ∅(𝑍−1) 𝑜𝑟 = ∅(4−1) 𝑜𝑟 𝜙 = 1.81
𝑁𝑚𝑖𝑛 100
i. Structural diagram
Z=4= P1 (𝑋1 )P2 (𝑋1 ) =2(1)2(2)
Between shaft I & II
𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑥
= ∅(𝑝1 −1)𝑋1 = ∅(2−1)1 = ∅
𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑛
Between shaft II & III
𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑥
= ∅(𝑝2 −1)𝑋2 = ∅(2−1)2 = ∅2
𝑖
𝑚𝑖𝑛
ii. Structural diagram

Z=4= P1 (𝑋1 )P2 (𝑋1 ) =2(2)2(1)
Between shaft I & II
𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑥
= ∅(𝑝1 −1)𝑋1 = ∅(2−1)2 = ∅2
𝑖
𝑚𝑖𝑛
Between shaft II & III
𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑥
= ∅(𝑝2 −1)𝑋2 = ∅(2−1)1 = ∅
𝑖
𝑚𝑖𝑛
In shaft II, the highest speed is same for both Structural diagrams, but since the speed difference is
less in Structural diagram (i).
Max transmission range igmax= ∅2 < 8
C K Biswas
No of teeth
Z6=22
Z7=40
Z8=31
Z9=31
Z10=40
Z11=22
Z12=22
Z13=40
C K Biswas
4. a) It is required to cut thread with single start of pitch 4 mm on lathe. The lead screw is 10
having pitch 6 mm. Determine the change gears.
b) 10
What is the name of the above mechanism? Where is it used? What are the different
transmission ratios? Find out the different output speed if the input shaft is rotating at 40
RPM.
a) Now, feed of cutting tool = thread pitch to be cut tp =4= ic ix tx per rev
Transmission ration constant mesh gears ic =1
Transmission ration change gears ix = ?
Pitch of lead screw, tx = 6 mm
So, Transmission ration change gears
4 2 𝑎×𝑐
𝑖𝑥 = = =
6 3 𝑏×𝑑
Choosing from the set of change gears,

a=20, b=20, c=30 and d=45
the constrains satisfied
a+b>c and c + d > b
b) 4 speed gear box

Used in small capacity lathes
Transmission ratios are 0.5:1, 1:1, 2:1, 4:1
Output speeds are 20, 40, 80, 160 rpm
C K Biswas
5. Write short notes on any FOUR 5x4
a) Feed box with tumbler gear
b) Transfer Machines.
c) Protecting devices for Slide ways.
d) Specification of milling machine
e) Thread cutting in lathe Methods of Thread manufacture:
I. Thread cutting single point tool
II. Thread Chasing
III. Die threading
IV. Thread Milling
V. Thread rolling
VI. Thread Grinding
VII. Thread Whirling
VIII. Tapping (internal threads)
-End of paper-
The following formulas and data can be used in calculations

2𝑀
Based on bean strength, Module of the gear 𝑚3 = 𝜆 𝐶 𝑡𝑑𝑍
Where 𝑀𝑡𝑑 = Design torque, kgf mm
 = b/m where b = width of the gear; (for spur gear,  = 8 to 12)
Z = no of teeth
C =material constant (for steel, C =4)
Based on contact strength, the gear module

10 𝐶𝑚 3 (𝑍𝑑 + 𝑍𝑝 )𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑛 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝛽
𝑚= √ 𝑀𝑡𝑑
𝑍𝑝 𝜆 𝜎𝑐2
Where
imin = min transmission ratio in the transmission group
Zp = no of teeth of driver gear
Zd = no of teeth of driven gear
= b/m where b = width of the gear; (for spur gear,  = 8 to 12)
 = helix angle of the gear (for spur gear  = 0)
Cm = material coefficient (for steel, Cm = 167 kgf/ cm2)
𝜎𝑐 = permissible contact strength
Series 1: Change gears are available in multiple of 5: 20,20,25, 30 ……

Series 2: Change gears are available in multiple of 4: 20,20,24, 28 ……
And gear set with 47, 97, 127, 157 teeth are provided
C K Biswas

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NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, ROURKELA

MID SEMESTER EXAMINATION, 2020

a) An ideal all-gear drive

a) Advantages of cone pulley drive given bellow them:

ii. Structural diagram

Max transmission range igmax= ∅2 < 8

Choosing from the set of change gears,

b) 4 speed gear box

The following formulas and data can be used in calculations

Based on contact strength, the gear module

Series 1: Change gears are available in multiple of 5: 20,20,25, 30 ……

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