Solenoid Valve Test

924K Small Wheel Loader ENC00001-UP (MACHINE) POWERED BY C7.1 Engine...
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Product: WHEEL LOADER
Model: 924K WHEEL LOADER ENC01427
Configuration: 924K Small Wheel Loader ENC00001-UP (MACHINE) POWERED BY C7.1 Engine
Troubleshooting
924K, 930K and 938K Wheel Loaders Machine Electronic Control System
Media Number -UENR0289-06 Publication Date -01/08/2014 Date Updated -12/09/2018
i04649090
Solenoid Valve - Test

SMCS - 5479-038
The following is a list of codes that are associated with the solenoid valves of the machine.
Table 1
Machine ECM (MID 39)
DTC Description System Response
Transmission Pilot
The power train pilot is stuck ON. The ECM is unable to
133-3 Pressure Supply : Voltage
disable the power train if another serious failure occurs.
Above Normal
Transmission Pilot
The power train is disabled. The machine is unable to
133-5 Pressure Supply : Current
move.
Below Normal
Transmission Pilot
The power train is disabled. The machine is unable to
133-6 Pressure Supply : Current
move.
Above Normal
Raise Solenoid # 1 :
354-3 All implement commands are inhibited
Voltage Above Normal
354-5 Raise commands are inhibited
Current Below Normal
354-6 Raise commands are inhibited
Current Above Normal
354- Raise Solenoid # 1 :
All functions are allowed using the default current values.
13 Calibration Required
Lower Solenoid # 1 :
Lower Solenoid # 1 :
355-5 Lower commands are inhibited
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924K Small Wheel Loader ENC00001-UP (MACHINE) POWERED BY C7.1 Engine... Page 2 of 10
355-6 Lower Solenoid # 1 : Lower commands are inhibited

355- Lower Solenoid # 1 :
Dump Solenoid # 1 :
Dump Solenoid # 1 :
356-5 Dump commands are inhibited
Dump Solenoid # 1 :
356-6 Dump commands are inhibited
356- Dump Solenoid # 1 :
Rackback Solenoid # 1 :
357-5 Rackback commands are inhibited
357-6 Rackback commands are inhibited
357- Rackback Solenoid # 1 :
Implement Pilot Pressure All implement lift and tilt commands are allowed to run at
358-3 Supply Solenoid : Voltage reduced performance. Third and forth commands are
Above Normal allowed to run without being reduced.
Implement Pilot Pressure
358-5 Supply Solenoid : Current All implement commands are inhibited
Below Normal
Implement Pilot Pressure
358-6 Supply Solenoid : Current All implement commands are inhibited
Above Normal
Third Function Forward
491-3 Solenoid : Voltage Above All lift and tilt commands are inhibited
Normal
491-5 Solenoid : Current Below Third function forward command is inhibited
Normal
491-6 Solenoid : Current Above Third function forward command is inhibited
Normal
491-
Solenoid : Calibration All functions are allowed using the default current values.
13
Required
492-3 All lift and tilt commands are inhibited
Third Function Reward

Solenoid : Voltage Above
Normal
492-5 Solenoid : Current Below Third function rearward function is inhibited
Normal
492-6 Solenoid : Current Above Third function rearward function is inhibited
Normal
492-
13
Required
Fourth Function Forward
Normal
493-5 Solenoid : Current Below Fourth function forward is inhibited
Normal
493-6 Solenoid : Current Above Fourth function forward is inhibited
Normal
493-
13
Required
Fourth Function Reward
Normal
494-5 Solenoid : Current Below Fourth function reward is inhibited
Normal
494-6 Solenoid : Current Above Fourth function reward is inhibited
Normal
494-
13
Required
Parking Brake Solenoid :
681-3 The machine is unable to release the parking brake.
681-7 Parking Brake Solenoid : The parking brake solenoid is commanded to release and the
Not Responding Properly parking brake is still engaged.
Differential Lock
740-3 Solenoid : Voltage Above Front differential lock will be engaged at all times.
Normal
Differential Lock
740-5 Solenoid : Current Below Front differential will not engage.
Normal
Differential Lock
740-6 Solenoid : Current Above Front differential will not engage.
Normal
1401- Transmission Solenoid 1 : The transmission clutch is engaged and cannot be released.
3 Voltage Above Normal Maximum machine speed is limited to 15 km/h (9.32 mph).
The transmission clutch is released and cannot be engaged.
1401- Transmission Solenoid 1 :
Maximum machine rimpull is reduced to 25% of normal
5 Current Below Normal
operation.
The transmission clutch is released and cannot be engaged.
1401- Transmission Solenoid 1 :
Maximum machine rimpull is reduced to 25% of normal
6 Current Above Normal
operation.
1401- Transmission Solenoid 1 : Transmission clutch engagements may be rough or slow in
13 Calibration Required this condition.
1530- Quick Coupler Solenoid : Load sense solenoid is energized and the implement pump
3 Voltage Above Normal goes to full stroke due to the cause of failure.
1530- Quick Coupler Solenoid : Load sense solenoid is de-energized regardless of the couple
5 Current Below Normal switch position in the cab
1530- Quick Coupler Solenoid : Load sense solenoid is de-energized regardless of the couple
6 Current Above Normal switch position in the cab
Quick steer will be active at all times, machine will
2292- Quick Steering Solenoid :
downshift in arranges 3, or 4 when fault occurs, machine
3 Voltage Above Normal
will not shift above range 2 until the fault is cleared.
Quick steer will not engage.
5 Current Below Normal
Quick steer will not engage.
6 Current Above Normal
The power train drive pump is being forced to maximum
output in the forward direction. The machine ECM will
Drive Pump Forward
2730- disable the power train when machine speed is below 5 km
Control Solenoid : Voltage
3 (3.12 miles) per hour.
Above Normal
After the fault is cleared, a keycycle is required before the
drivetrain is enabled.
Drive Pump Forward
2730- The machine is unable to travel in the forward direction.
Control Solenoid : Current
5 The machine is not allowed to shift out of neutral.
Below Normal
2730- The machine is unable to travel in the forward direction.
Drive Pump Forward

Above Normal
Drive Pump Forward
2730- Forward speed control performance at low and medium
Control Solenoid :
13 travel speeds may be poor or incorrect.
Calibration Required
The power train drive pump is being forced to maximum
output in the reverse direction. The machine ECM will
Drive Pump Reverse
2731- disable the power train when machine speed in below
Control Solenoid : Voltage
3 5 km/h (3.12 mph)
Above Normal
After the fault is cleared, a keycycle is required before the
drivetrain is enabled.
Drive Pump Reverse
2731- The machine is unable to travel in the reverse direction.
Below Normal
Drive Pump Reverse
2731- The machine is unable to travel in the reverse direction.
Above Normal
Drive Pump Reverse
2731- Reverse speed control performance at low and medium
Control Solenoid :
13 travel speeds may be poor or incorrect.
Calibration Required
Machine rimpull performance is reduced to 80% of normal
3563- Drive Motor # 1 Solenoid :
operation. Speed control performance above 17 km/h
(10.56 mph) may be compromised.
3563- Drive Motor # 1 Solenoid : The machine maximum travel speed is limited to less than
5 Current Below Normal 17 km/h (10.56 mph)
3563- Drive Motor # 1 Solenoid : The machine maximum travel speed is limited to less than
6 Current Above Normal 17 km/h (10.56 mph)
3563- Drive Motor # 1 Solenoid : Machine speed control performance at high travel speed
13 Calibration Required may be poor or incorrect.
3564- Drive Motor # 2 Solenoid :
Rimpull performance reduced to 25% of normal operation.
3564- Drive Motor # 2 Solenoid : The machine maximum travel speed is limited to 5 km/h
5 Current Below Normal (3.12 mph)
3564- Drive Motor # 2 Solenoid : The machine maximum travel speed is limited to 5 km/h
6 Current Above Normal (3.12 mph)
3564- Drive Motor # 2 Solenoid : Machine speed control performance at medium travel may
13 Calibration Required be poor or incorrect.
The solenoid is used to shutoff, release, distribute, or mix fluids on the machine. Generally, multiple
solenoids are located together on a manifold. The solenoid converts electrical energy into magnetic
energy, moving a spool located inside the housing of the valve. A spring is used to hold the spool in
position until the solenoid is energized.
The magnetic force that acts on the valve spool is created when a coil inside the solenoid is
energized.
Possible Causes for an FMI 3 Diagnostic code are:
• The harness is shorted.
• The Machine ECM has failed. A failure of the ECM is unlikely.
Possible causes for an FMI 5 Diagnostic code are:
• There is an open in the circuit.
• The solenoid has failed.
• The sensor was activated in Cat ET when the component is not on the machine.
• A wire is shorted to ground.
• The solenoid has failed.
• The mechanical system has failed.
• The solenoid has a non-detectable failure.
• The sensor has a non-detectable failure.
• System has gone out of calibration
• Calibration has never been performed
Note: Prior to beginning this procedure, inspect the harness connectors that are involved in this
circuit. Poor connections can often be the cause of a problem in an electrical circuit. Verify that all
connections in the circuit are clean, secure, and in good condition. Check the wiring harness for pinch
points or abrasions. Look for and repair areas that indicate wires are exposed. If a problem with a
connection is found, correct the problem and verify that the diagnostic code is active before
performing a troubleshooting procedure.
Illustration 1 g02789755
Machine ECM J1 and J2 solenoid connections
Illustration 2 g02789757
Implement ECM J1 solenoid connections
Note: The diagrams above are simplified schematics of the Machine ECM and the Implement ECM
connections. The schematic is electrically correct. However, not all of the possible harness connectors
are shown. Refer to the latest revision of the Electrical Schematic , UENR0291 for the complete
system schematic.
Table 2
Troubleshooting Test Steps Values Results
FMI 3 diagnostic code, proceed to Test
Step 2.
FMI 5 diagnostic code, proceed to Test

Step 3.
1. Identify Active FMI Code
Associated With Solenoid
Code present. FMI 6 diagnostic code, proceed to Test
Circuit
Step 5.
FMI 7 diagnostic code, refer to

Troubleshooting, "Parking Brake System"
within this manual.
OK - All resistance readings are greater
than 5K Ω .
2. Check The Machine
Proceed to Test Step 7.
Harness For A Short
NOT OK - One or more readings are less
A. Turn the key start switch
than 5 Ω.
and the disconnect switch
OFF.
Repair -A short exists between the signal
contact and the circuit with the low
B. Disconnect the harness
Each reading is resistance. Repair or replace the machine
connection at solenoid.
greater than 5K Ω. harness.
C. Disconnect J1 and J2
Note: A resistance that is greater than 5 Ω
connectors from ECM.
but less than 5K Ω would indicate a loose
connection or a corroded connection in the
D. Measure the resistance of
circuit. A resistance measurement that is
solenoid signal contact to all
greater than 5K Ω would indicate an open
J1 and J2 contacts.
in the circuit.
STOP
Begin Process For FMI 5 Troubleshooting HERE
3. Check The Solenoid. OK - The circuit is correct., the solenoid
The code changes to has failed.
A. Turn the key start switch FMI 6 after the
and the disconnect switch jumper wire is Repair: Replace the solenoid.
OFF. installed.
After replacement of the solenoid ,
B. Disconnect the solenoid confirm the diagnostic code is not active.
from the machine harness.
STOP
C. Place a jumper wire
between contact 1 and contact NOT OK - The diagnostic code remains
2, at the harness connector for active.
the solenoid.
D. Turn the key start switch
and the disconnect switch ON.
Do not start the engine.
OK - The reading is less than 5 Ω, the
4. Check The Machine harness is correct.
Harness For An Open.
and the disconnect switch NOT OK - The reading is greater than 5K
OFF. Ω. Circuit open in machine harness.
B. Disconnect the harness Repair : The open is in the wire for the
connectors from the ECM (or solenoid signal or the return wire for the
switch panel). Each reading is less solenoid. Repair or replace the machine
than 5 Ω. harness.
C. The jumper wire remains
installed. Note: A resistance that is greater than 5 Ω
D. At the machine harness connection or a corroded connection in the
connector for the ECM, circuit. A resistance measurement that is
measure the resistance at the greater than 5K Ω would indicate an open
ECM contacts for the in the circuit.
solenoid.
STOP
Begin Process For FMI 6 Troubleshooting HERE
OK - The circuit is correct. The solenoid
has failed.
5. Check The Solenoid
Repair: Repeat the jumper wire test.
Verify the solenoid failure. Replace the
solenoid.
and the disconnect switch
The FMI 6
OFF.
diagnostic code Note: After the solenoid is replaced,
changes to an FMI 5 confirm that the diagnostic code is no
B. Disconnect the solenoid
diagnostic code after longer active.
from the machine harness.
the jumper wire is
installed. STOP
D. Turn the key start switch
NOT OK - The diagnostic code remains
Do not start the engine.
active.

6. Check Machine Harness OK - Machine harness correct.
For A Short To Ground Each reading is
greater than 5K Ω. Proceed to Test Step 7.
924K Small Wheel Loader ENC00001-UP (MACHINE) POWERED BY C7.1 Eng... Page 10 of 10
A. The machine harness

remains disconnected from NOT OK - One or more of the resistance
the solenoid. measurements are less than 5 Ω. A short
circuit exists in the machine harness.
B. Turn the key start switch
and the disconnect switch Repair: A short circuit exists between the
OFF. wire for the signal wire of the solenoid and
the circuit with the low resistance. Repair
C. Disconnect the harness or replace the machine harness.
connectors from the ECM (or
switch panel). Note: A resistance that is greater than 5 Ω
D. At the harness connector connection or a corroded connection in the
for ECM, measure the circuit. A resistance measurement that is
resistance between the greater than 5K Ω would indicate an open
solenoid signal contact and all in the circuit.
ground contacts.
STOP
OK - The diagnostic code does not exist at
this time. The initial diagnostic code may
have been caused by poor electrical
connection or short at one of the harness
connections. Resume machine operation.
7. Check If The Diagnostic
STOP
Code Remains
NOT OK - The diagnostic trouble code
has not been corrected. If the diagnostic
code has not been corrected after
performing the procedure a second time,
B. Clear all diagnostic codes.
the ECM may require replacement.
Code for solenoid is
C. Operate the machine. NO longer present.
Prior to replacing the ECM, always
contact the Technical Communication at
D. Stop the machine and
your dealership for possible consultation
engage the parking brake.
with Caterpillar. This consultation may
greatly reduce repair time.
E. Check if diagnostic code
for the solenoid is active.
Follow the steps in Troubleshooting,
"ECM - Replace" if the ECM needs to be
replaced.
STOP
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What steps are involved in checking a solenoid valve?

924K Small Wheel Loader ENC00001-UP (MACHINE) POWERED BY C7.1 Engine...

Solenoid Valve - Test

355-6 Lower Solenoid # 1 : Lower commands are inhibited

Third Function Reward

Drive Pump Forward

Possible Causes for an FMI 3 Diagnostic code are:

• The harness is shorted.

• The Machine ECM has failed. A failure of the ECM is unlikely.

Possible causes for an FMI 5 Diagnostic code are:

• There is an open in the circuit.

• The solenoid has failed.

• The Machine ECM has failed. A failure of the ECM is unlikely.

Possible causes for an FMI 6 Diagnostic code are:

• A wire is shorted to ground.

• The solenoid has failed.

• The Machine ECM has failed. A failure of the ECM is unlikely.

Possible causes for an FMI 7 Diagnostic code are:

• The mechanical system has failed.

• The solenoid has a non-detectable failure.

• The sensor has a non-detectable failure.

• The Machine ECM has failed. A failure of the ECM is unlikely.

Possible causes for an FMI 13 Diagnostic code are:

• System has gone out of calibration

• Calibration has never been performed

Implement ECM J1 solenoid connections

FMI 5 diagnostic code, proceed to Test

FMI 7 diagnostic code, refer to

Proceed to Test Step 6.

A. The machine harness

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