ENGLISH

7
Quarter 1– Module 1
+
ANALOGY TO SHOW
RELATIONSHIPS OF WORDS

Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines

English – Grade 7
Alternative Delivery Mode
First Quarter – Module 1: Analogy to Show Relationships of Words
First Edition, 2020
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Regional Director : Dr. Arturo B. Bayocot, CESO III
Assistant Regional Director : Dr. Victor G. De Gracia Jr., CESO V
Development Team of the Module
Author/s: Necitas C. Panugan
Nedh Ella L. Erojo
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7
 English
First Quarter – Module 1
Analogy to Show
Relationships of Words

This instructional material is collaboratively developed and reviewed by educators

from public schools. We encourage teachers and other education stakeholders to
email their feedback, comments, and recommendations to the Department of
Education – Region 10 at region10@deped.gov.ph.

Your feedback and recommendations are highly valued.

Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines

Introductory Message

For the learner:

 Welcome to the English 7 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module 1
Analogy to show relationship of words.
This module presents varied learning activities that help you understand the
relationship of words and how they fit together, give you practice in making
connections while recognizing recently acquired vocabulary, reinforce your critical
thinking skills and conceptual understanding; thus, improve not only your vocabulary
skills but also your reading comprehension and verbal reasoning abilities.
This is designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for
guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to
process the contents of the learning resource while being an active learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

What I Need to This will give you an idea of the skills or
Know competencies you are expected to learn
in the module.
What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to
check what you already know about the
lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip
this module.
What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you
link the current lesson with the previous
one.
What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be
introduced to you in various ways such as
a story, a song, a poem, a problem
opener, an activity or a situation.
What is It This section provides a brief discussion of
the lesson. This aims to help you discover
and understand new concepts and skills.
What’s More This comprises activities for independent
practice to solidify your understanding
and skills of the topic. You may check the
answers to the exercises using the
Answer Key at the end of the module.
What I Have This includes questions or blank
Learned sentence/paragraph to be filled in to
process what you learned from the
lesson.
What I Can Do This section provides an activity which will
help you transfer your new knowledge or
skill into real life situations or concerns.
 Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your
level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.
Additional In this portion, another activity will be
Activities given to you to enrich your knowledge or
skill of the lesson learned. This also tends
retention of learned concepts.
Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in
the module.

At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in
developing this module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
module. Use your English notebook in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the directions carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.

If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not
alone.
We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning
and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

Table of Contents

What I Need to Know ---------------- 1

What I Know ---------------- 2

Lesson 1 ---------------- 4

What’s In ---------------- 4
What’s New ---------------- 5

What is It ---------------- 8

What’s More ---------------- 12

What I Have Learned ---------------- 14

What I Can Do ---------------- 15

Assessment ---------------- 16

Additional Activities ---------------- 18

Answer Key ---------------- 19

References ---------------- 20
 What I Need to Know

Analogies are powerful tools that challenge and encourage you to think
critically. It is a strong device used to show connections and comparisons between
unlike things which highlight how they are alike.
Oral language development lays the foundation for the skills in reading and
writing. These skills will be developed later as you progress through school. Having a
solid foundation in oral language will help you become a successful reader and
strong communicator as well as build your confidence and overall sense of well-
being.
After working on this module, you will be able to supply appropriate terms to
complete an analogous series of words or expressions; specifically, you will be able
to:

1. define analogy;
2. determine the relationship of a given set of words in analogy;
3. compare traits of characters in the story read using analogy;
4. supply terms to complete analogous series of words based on sentence
form, analogous pair and figurative analogy.

1
 What I Know

Before starting with this module, let us see what you already know about
analogy. Answer the questions below.

Directions: Read the statements carefully then write the letter of your choice
in your English notebook.

I.Analogy in sentence form: Choose the word that best completes each
analogy.

1. Bark is to Dog as Meow is to ________.

A. bird B. cat C. pig
2. Yellow is to Banana as Makopa is to ______ .
A. Orange B. Purple C. Red
3. Ear is to Hear as Tongue is to ______.
A. sight B. smell C. taste
4. Mango is a Fruit as Rose is a _______.
A. flower B. spicy C. vegetable
5. School is to Students as Hospital is to _______.
A. patients B. priest C. vendors

II. Analogous Pair: Choose the correct word to complete the idea.

6. hammer : nail :: comb : ______

A. feet B. hair C. hands
7. hot : oven :: cold : ______
A. karaoke B. refrigerator C. TV
8. scrub : wash :: sob : ______
A. cry B. sad C. tease
9. screen : ______ :: lens : camera
A. computer B. cord C. keyboard
10. ________: wrist :: belt : waist
A. arm B. bracelet C. hand

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III.Figurative Analogy: Identify the two things compared in the statement.

11. A good book is a friend.

A. good : book B. good : friend C. book : friend
12. Life is like a race.
A. life : race B. life : like C. like : race
13. She is as innocent as a baby.
A. she : innocent B. she : baby C. innocent : baby
14. Love is a game. There is a winner and a loser.
A. love : loser B. love : game C. love : winner
15. My children are my guiding stars.
A. children : guide B. children : guiding stars C. guide : stars

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Lesson
Analogy to Show Relationships of
1 Words

What’s In

Activity: Match Me!

Directions: Show relationship by matching column A with the picture in
column B. Write your answer in your English notebook.

A B
1. Covid -19 A.

2. farmer B.

3. tree C.

4. school D.

5. plaza E.

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 6.crowded F.

7.summer G.

By now, you should have noticed that analogy is all about relationship of
words or concepts and how they connect to each other.

What’s New

Activity: Let’s Converse!

Directions: Read the short dialogue between a saleslady and a costumer.
Then, take note of the relationship of the following pairs of words
lifted from the dialogue.

Good morning. Can I help you?

Good morning. Yes, please. I’m looking for an elegant dress

for a party.

What color would you like?

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I don’t know. What colors have you got?

We have got all colors.

What do you think of blue?
I think it matches your eyes and your brown hair!

Okay. Have you got it medium size?

Yes, here you are.

Can I try it on?

Of course. The fitting room is there. “Does it fit?”

Well, it is a little small. Have you got a bigger one?

Only in red. Would you like to try it on?

Yes, thank you. It fits perfectly.

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 Yes, and it suits you well.

How much is it?

It’s 500 pesos.

I take it. Here’s the money?

Please proceed to counter 3 for your payment, Ma’am.

Thank you.

Goodbye. Thanks for shopping here.

Thank you, goodbye.

Now, I have here some pairs of words lifted from the dialogue. Note the
relationship of each pair.

PAIR OF WORD RELATIONSHIP

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 face : eyes Part to Whole
she went to the mall : she wanted to buy a dress Cause and Effect
sales lady : mall Person to Situation
little : small Synonym
elegant : unattractive Antonym
shopping mall : city Geography
morning : evening Time

These pairs show the different types of relationship in analogy.

What is It

This is good to know . . .

Analogy is a pair of terms that has common relationship. In most cases, you
will not only determine the common relationship between each pair but you will also
have to identify which term makes up each pair. Usually, you are given two terms in
the format A : B, which could be read as A related to B.
Example:
(A) : (B)
kitchen : house - Kitchen and House are related since kitchen
is part of the house.
Writers use analogy to connect unfamiliar words or new ideas with common
and familiar objects. It functions as description or explanation of one thing by
examining its similarities and differences and forces the reader to understand the
connection between them. Using this technique, vocabulary skills as well as speed in
reading comprehension are enhanced.

Types of Relationships in Analogy

There are seven common types of relationships in analogy.

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1. Part to Whole
These are analogies in which one term is part of the other term.
Example:
eyes : face (The eyes are part of the face.)
2. Cause and Effect
These are analogies in which one term is the result of the other term.
Example:
she wanted to buy a dress : she went to the mall
(She wanted to buy a dress so she went to the mall.)
3. Person to Situation
These are analogies in which one term is the work place of the other.
Example:
saleslady : mall (A saleslady works in a mall.)
4. Synonym
These are analogies in which both terms have the same meaning.
Example:
little : small (Both terms mean the same.)
5. Antonym
These are analogies in which the terms are opposite in meaning.
Example:
elegant : unattractive (The words have opposite meaning.)
6. Geography
These are analogies in which one of the terms can be situated in the other.
Example:
shopping mall : city (Shopping mall is found in the city.)
7. Time
These are terms that both speak of time.
Example:
morning : evening (Both indicate time.)

Now that you know the types of relationships in analogy, try to answer these.

Activity: Connected To The Target !

Directions:

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 I. Determine the type of relationship expressed in the pair of words given.
Choose your answer from the box. Then, write your answer in your English
notebook.

Part to Whole Person to Situation Antonym

Synonym Geography Time Cause and Effect

1. Big : Small :: Full : Empty
Relationship: _________________
2. Tree : Leaves :: Sea : Sand
Relationship: _________________
3. Volcanic Eruption : Earthquake :: El Niño : Drought
Relationship: __________________
4. Luzon : Manila :: Mindanao : Davao
Relationship: __________________
5. Year : Month :: Week : Day
Relationship: __________________
6. Huge : Big :: Narrow : Slim
Relationship: __________________
7. Mother : Home :: Priest : Church
Relationship: __________________
8. Book : Page :: Ball pen : Ink
Relationship: _________________
9. Tired : Sleep :: Hungry : Eat
Relationship: _________________
10. Teacher : School :: Doctor : Patient
Relationship: __________________

II. Complete the pair based on the type of relationship given.

1. Part to Whole
branch : _____ (A. forest B. root C. tree )

2. Cause and Effect

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 Covid-19 : _____ (A. bacteria B. fungi C. virus )

3. Person to Situation
Police : _____ A. barracks B. gasoline station C. police station)

4. Time
New Year : ____ (A. February B. January C. March)

5. Synonym
smile : ____ (A. joyful B. sad C. worried )
6. Antonym
hardworking : ____ (A. active B. industrious C. lazy)

7. Geography
Durian : ____ (A. Baguio B. Cebu C. Davao)

III. Complete the analogy by providing the correct pair of word from the
choices given. Write the answers in your English notebook.
1. dark : night :: strong : ____
A. fragile B. powerful C. weak
2. sheet : pad :: flower : ____
A. petal B. shrub C. tree
3. coward : brave :: loud : ____
A. calm B. quiet C. sharp
4. happy : laugh :: sad: ____
A. cry B. glad C. weep
5. student : school :: painter : ____
A. art gallery B. auditorium C. museum
6. dawn : morning : twilight : ____
A. dusk B. sunrise C. sunset
7. Philippines : Asia :: Italy : ____
A. America B. Australia C. Europe
8. plus : add :: minus : ____
A. divide B. multiply C. subtract

What’s More

Activity: Comic Strips

11
Directions: This comic strips is taken from the story of Creation (Panayan
Version)

This act made Tungkung Langit very angry.

Sea breeze, I
Immediately, after his return from the trip, he called
command you to spy
his wife’s attention.
on my husband!

It is ungodly of you to act If you don’t like

like that! I am busy what I did, it is
imposing order over the better to part
confused world, I thought ways.
you trusted me!

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 Tungkung Langit deprived Alunsina’s power After so many years, Tungkung Langit
and drove her away. realized that life is empty without Alunsina.
Sometimes, he cried aloud. The people of Panay
Forgive Me. You’re not If that’s what you want I believed that rain on Earth are his tears. And
worthy anymore to be my am willing to surrender
when it thunders hard, the old folks also
goddess. I have to take all everything I have as
the powers you have. you pleased. Goodbye. assumed that it is his sobbing, calling for his
beloved Alunsina to come back.

When analogies are used in myths, legends and short stories to express
comparison of two unlike things but share common property, it is called Figurative
Analogy. It comes in statement form.
Example:
The rain is Tungkung Langit’s tears and thunders are his sobbing.
The writer compares Tungkung Langit’s tears to rain as he burst into tears
because of his heavy heart, in the same way when clouds are heavy, they fall as
rain; while the loudness of his cry is compared to the intensity of thunder.

Activity: Let’s Compare!

Directions: Complete the statements that follow and reveal the traits of the
characters from the comic strip read. Choose the answer in the
box after each statement. Write your answer in your English
notebook.

1.Alunsina is a jealous wife. She doesn’t have ___________________.

A. care B. hope C. trust

2. Tungkung Langit is an erupting volcano when angry. He is___________.

A. irritable B. moody C. violent

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3. Tungkung langit wants order and peace in his place. He is a___________
leader.
A. concerned B. kind C. wise

4. The love of Tungkung Langit and Alunsina is weak. It is not ____________.

A. romantic B. strong C. sweet

5. Both are impatient because ________________.

A. they are hot-tempered.
B. they easily give up their love.
C. they did not find ways to fix their problem.

Activity: You Can Do It !

Directions: Identify the things compared in the statement below.

1. Problems are just like spices in life.

A. spices and life B. problem and life C. problems and spices
2. He is as big as an elephant.
A. he and big B. he and elephant C. big and elephant
3. Her skin is like a snow.
A. her and skin B. her and snow C. skin and snow
4. The sun is a golden ball.
A. sun and ball B. golden and ball C. sun and golden ball
5. Her hair is as dark as the night.
A. hair and dark B. dark and night C. hair and night

What I Have Learned

Now, tell me what you have learned about analogies.

Activity: Let’s Sum Up!

Directions:

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 A. Check (√) the appropriate column that is true about analogy.
Statement Yes No
1. Analogy is a relationship of words or
concepts and how they connect to
each other.
2. Analogies are used in stories to
express comparison of two unlike
things that share common property.
3. Analogy makes understanding the
relationship of words difficult.
4. Analogy improves my vocabulary,
thus, sharpens my reading and writing
skills.
5. Analogy solely focuses on similarities
of words.

B. On the blanks provided, write 2 to 3 sentences summing up your learning.

I learned that analogy _________________________________.

____________________________________________._______________________
_________________________.

What I Can Do

Activity: Mirror! Mirror!

Directions: Draw an object that you can compare yourself with. Using
figurative analogy, write a 5-sentence paragraph to explain the
comparison. Follow the model given. Use your English notebook.

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Example:
I am as lovable as a flower because
_______________________________________.___________________________
____________________.______________________________________________
____________________.______________________________________________
__________.____________________________________.

Assessment

You are almost there! Let us check what you have learned about this topic.
Answer the questions given below by writing the letter of your answer in your English
notebook.

I. Complete the analogy of the given pair of words.

1. Maria Christina Falls : Lanao del Norte :: _______ : Misamis Occidental
A. Mt. Hibok-Hibok B. Mt. Kanlaon C. Mt. Malindang
2. Highway : ______ :: Court : Net
A. bar B. radar C. road
3. Quick : slow :: youthful : _______
A. adult B. aged C. child
4. Chef : restaurant :: banker : _______
A. bakery B. bank C. mall
5. Shy : timid :: glossy : _______
A. oily B. rough C. shiny
6. Second : minute :: _____ :: day

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 A. hour B. month C. week
7. Thirsty : drink :: _______ : eat
A. excited B. hungry C. sleepy

II. Look for the pair which expresses the same relationship as the given pair.
Choose your answer from the pairs given. Write your answer in your
English Notebook.

8. big : huge :: ___ : ___

A. fat : slim B. pleasant : attractive C. untidy : dirty
9. nurse : hospital :: ____ :: ____
A. Cebu : Sinulog B. farmer : plow C. judge : courtroom
10. day : night :: ____ : ____
A. kitchen : knife B. month : year C. thirsty : drink
11. collar : shirt :: ____ : ____
A. church : Holy Water B. quite : silent C. zipper : jeans

II. Read the short story and then complete the statements below. Choose
your answer from the words in the parenthesis.

Once upon a time in the Philippines, there was an

old woman with strange magical qualities. The local
villagers had noticed her house seemed brighter at night
even though there was no electricity. According to
rumors some had even seen dwarfs helping the
mysterious and beautiful woman at night. No one ever
discovered the source of the mysterious night time glow.

She lived in the forest on the outskirts of a fishing

village and was famous for her beautiful flowers. The
fishermen would barter their treasured catch for her
flowers.

A young couple came to visit the village. They were haughty and were not
from around there. A proud pair that hated anything they thought was ugly. They
would make fun of anything they thought was ugly.

They were out exploring the village one day and came upon the old woman
in the forest. Since they found her ugly, they mocked her. After making fun of her,
the old woman asked them to leave but they refused.

17
 To punish them, she said “Since you only like beautiful things, I will turn you
into the most beautiful insect.” She tapped them with her cane and they became the
first two butterflies.

12. The young couple mocked and made fun of the old woman. They are ______
(A. arrogant B. boastful C. respectful). Because of this, they were turned into
______ (A. butterflies B. dragonflies C. fireflies).
13. The story teaches us to be kind as the ______ (A. old woman B. dwarf C.
fishermen) and to hate _____ (A. cruelty B. humility C. modesty) as shown
by the couple.

14. The old woman’s house is surrounded with beautiful flowers so anyone who
comes would be _____ (A. happy B. surprised C. delighted ).

15. Good work is always rewarded as _____ (A. evil doing B. favorable deed
C. profitable work) is punished.

Additional Activities

Activity: Cut and Paste!

Instructions: Cut or draw pictures found at home or in your community .
Then, use them to form pairs to show the relationships of
analogy. Use your English notebook.

1. Part to whole

::

2. Cause and Effect

::

3. Person to Situation

::

4. Synonym

18
 ::

5. Antonym

::

6. Geography

::

7. Time

::

Congratulations! You have successfully completed Quarter 1 - Module 1.

Please proceed to Module 2 and learn about the genres of viewing.

Answer Key

What’s In (Match Me) What’s More What I Know

1. B A.Let’s Compare! 1. B
2. A 2. C
1. C 3. C
3. D
4. E 2. C 4. A
5. C 5. A
3. A 6. B
6. G
7. F 4. B 7. B
8. A
5. B 9. A
B. You Can Do It! 10. B
11. C
1. C 12. A
2. B 13. B
14. B
3. C 15. B
4. C
What’s Is It
5. C (Connected To The Target)
I.
1. Antonym
Assessment 2. Part to Whole
1. C 3. Cause and Effect
4. Geography
2. C 19 5. Time
3. B 6. Synonym
7. Person to Situation
4. B 8. Part to Whole
5. C 9. Cause and Effect
 What I Have Learned
A.
1. Yes
2. Yes
3. No
4. Yes
5. No
B.
Answer may vary

References

Barbacena, Gabuyo, Gonzales, Mayor, Padua, Quinto and Tipan. LET Reviewer:
Perceiving Verbal Relationship. Manila: MET Review Center, 2010.

English 7: Learner’s Material. Pasig City: FEP Printing Corp, 2017.

English 7: Teacher’s Guides. Pasig City: FEP Printing Corp, 2017.

Salamida, Anabelle. English 7 Learning Plan. Manila: Reevee Book Supply, 2015.

20
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Region 10

Zone 1, DepEd Building Masterson Avenue, Upper Balulang

Cagayan de Oro City, 9000
Telefax: (088) 880 7072
E-mail Address: region10@deped.gov.ph