LEARNING MODULE IN SCIENCE 7

“You & I together”

88
 Introduction

Hi guys! I’m Nato. This module will

introduce you on the two classifications
of substances: elements and compound
and their properties. It will teach you
also how to separate certain
substances that are chemically or
physically combined.

So get ready guys because you are about to explore substances

around you.

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 Statement of Purpose

The purpose of this module is to

present some individualized
instructional learning activities to
enhance students’ knowledge on how to
distinguish elements from compounds
and their properties.

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Desirable Pre-requisite Skills

This module assumes that the teacher has already

introduced the following topics:

1. Types of mixture

2. Ways in separating components

of a mixture

3. Difference between substances

and mixtures

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Instructional Objectives

After going through this module, you should be able to:

1. Define substance, elements, and compound

2. Recognize that substances are classified into elements and
compounds.
3. Familiarize the layout of the periodic table
4. Name elements and compound that are listed from the food
product label.

This module is very easy

for you guys! So don’t
worry too much.

I know that you are already

excited to get started.
92 However, there are some tips
that you have to remember.
 REMEMBER

 Read and follow instructions carefully.

 Take the pre-test before proceeding to the lessons. The test
will give you an idea of how much time can you allots for each
lesson.
 Check your answer with the given answer key at the end of this
module.
 Perform all the activities diligently to help and guide you in
understanding the topic.
 Answer the post-test to measure how much you have gained
from the lessons.

Now, take the pre-test that follows.

Good luck!

Pre-test

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Direction: Encircle the letter that best answers the questions or completes the
statement.
1. Which of the following substances consists of two or more element that
are
combined chemically?
A. element B. compound C. mixture D. solution
2. Which of the following is NOT an example of compound?
A. hydrogen peroxide B. ammonia C. helium gas D. table sugar
3. Which of the following substances makes up a compound?
A. atoms B. substances C. mixtures D. two or more elements
4. Scientist who arranged the elements in a form of a table.
A. Lewis B. Mendeleev C. Thomas D. Darwin
5. Which of the following is an element?
A. water B. sugar C. chlorine D. salt
6. Which of the following statement describes a compound?
A. A compound is a combination of two or more types of matter, an
element is one type.
B. Compounds are represented by chemical symbols of one letter,
elements by two.
C. There are infinite numbers of elements, but a limited number of
compounds.
D. Elements are always larger units of matter, and compounds are
smaller.
7. How many elements are present in the given compound NaOH?
A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5
8. The smallest particle of any particular type of matter.
A. compound B. atom C. chemical D. element

9. A section of the periodic table of elements is provided. What is the chemical

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 symbol for magnesium?

Mg
Magnesium
24.31

A. 12 B. Mg C. 24.31 D. Magnesium
10. Which of the following statements is TRUE about elements and
compounds?
A. They are homogeneous in nature.
B. They are the simplest form of matter.
C. They are commonly naturally occurring materials.
D. They can be broken down into simpler substances.
11. Which of the following statement is TRUE?
A. Ferrous sulfate cannot be broken down into simpler substances
B. Compounds can be broken down by physical means
C. Water is composed of more than two different elements
D. Compounds are more complex than elements
12. Sodium chloride is a compound consisting of two elements namely
sodium
and chlorine. Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. Sodium chloride is listed in the periodic table.
B. The symbol for sodium chloride includes Na and Cl.
C. Chlorine may still be broken down into a simpler form.
D. Sodium and chlorine belong to the same group in the periodic table.
13. The following substances are examples of compounds EXCEPT:
A. calcium chloride C. hydrogen gas
B. nitric acid D. table salt
14. Nonmetals are brittle and are normally used as insulators while metals are
hard, dense solid material. Which of the following pairs of elements are
metals and nonmetals?
A. Ca and N B. Mg and Al C. Mn and Zn D. Be and Sn
15. Which of the following substances is a compound?
A. air B. iron C. salt D. oxygen

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How many correct answers did you
get? Well, don’t get worried about
your score. There is a lot of fun in
the next pages of this module. Are
you ready to start?

Good luck!

Implementers

You will need the following

materials for the (3) learning
activities in this module:

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 Learning Episode 1 : Cards of elements and
compounds
cards
ballpen
Learning Episode 2 : It’s Element-ary Time!
periodic table of the elements
ballpen
books
Learning Episode 3 : The code of “matter” on labels
ball pen
food labels
periodic table of the elements

The Modular Program

1. Handle this module with care

2. Read each page and follow the instructions
carefully.
3. Ask your teacher whenever you need help.
4. Perform all the activities diligently to help and guide
you in understanding the topic.

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 Get ready guys! Good
luck and have fun!

Module 3: Substances: Element or Compound

Matter can be classified into two broad categories: pure substances

and mixtures. A pure substance is a form of matter that has a constant
composition (meaning it's the same everywhere) and properties that are
constant throughout the sample (meaning there is only one set of properties
such as melting point, color, boiling point, etc. throughout the matter).
All substances are homogeneous. Some mixtures are also
homogeneous, particularly solutions. Being so, it is difficult to distinguish
mixtures and substances based on appearance.
In this module, you will find out that substances may be further
classified into two categories: elements and compounds.
An element is a substance that cannot be separated into simpler
substance by an ordinary means. Each element is made up of only one kind
of atom. An atom is the smallest particle of an elements composed further of
protons, neutrons, and electrons. Examples: oxygen, nitrogen, potassium,
calcium, and etc.
When two or more elements are combined in a chemical
reactions, compounds are formed. A compound is a
substance that contain two or more elements combined in
definite proportion by weight during chemical process.
The components of a compound do not retain their

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 individual properties. For example, both sodium and
chlorine are poisonous,
but chemically they form table salt or NaCl compound that is absolutely
essential
to life. Other examples of compounds are water (H 2O) has 2 molecules of
hydrogen and Water molecules oxygen, table sugar (C 12H22O11) has 12
molecules of carbon, 22 molecules of hydrogen, and 11 molecules of oxygen.
As you perform activity 1, you will able to distinguish elements from
compounds.

Learning Episode 1: Cards of elements and compounds

Directions: Use the numbered cards provided by the teacher to identify

elements and compounds. Use the spaces below to record your answers and
your explanations for each. If the numbered card is a Compound, include the
number of atoms and elements in each compound.

1. 2.

3. 4.

5. 6.

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7. 8.

9. Water 10. Oxygen (O)

H2O

11. Salt (NaCl) 12. Carbon monoxide

(CO)

13. 14. Malic acid

Aluminum (Al)
(C4H6O5)

Gold (Fe) Carbonic Acid

15. 16.
(H2CO3)

Directions: Use the numbered cards provided by the teacher to identify

elements and compounds. Use the spaces below to record your answers and

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your explanations for each. If the numbered card is a Compound, include the
number of atoms and elements in each compound.

Identify below all of the numbered cards that are Elements:

Why are they classified as elements?

Identify below all of the numbered cards that are Compounds:

Why are they classified as compounds?

Write out the compounds below and identify the number of elements present in
each compounds:

Very easy! Right?

Let’s have another
one.

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The Periodic Table of Elements
Below is the periodic table of elements. As you can see the elements
are arranged according to increasing atomic number. To date, there are
already 118 elements. Seventy five percent of the elements are metals while
the rest are nonmetals and metalloids.
Take a closer look at the periodic table. Can you see the lines that look
like a ladder? Good! Now, remember that elements to the right of the ladder
are nonmetals while those to the left of the ladder are metals. Those elements
that are in the ladder are identified as metalloids. Metalloids have the
characteristics of both metals and nonmetals.

Source:
https://www.google.com/search?
biw=1366&bih=608&tbm=isch&sa=1&ei=qYtrXeC0MtP4hwOppJSoCg&q=periodic+table+with+metalloids+hig
hlighted&oq=periodic+table+with+metall&gs_l=img.3.1.0l2j0i8i30.577158.588474..592079...2.0..0.237.4028.0j2
3j5......0....1..gws-wiz-img.......0i67j0i10.SpJ6TioxZ1c#imgdii=lFXiJPVWgd8D-M:&imgrc=Diump5fK3PXisM:
Learning Episode 2: It’s Element-ary Time!

Procedure:

1. Every element has a name. In each box of the table, you will find only one
name. One box corresponds to one element.

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2. Refer to periodic table of the elements found at the end of this module.
Write your answers for each question in Table 1.

A. Scientists agreed to give symbols for each elements. This is very

helpful especially to those elements with long names. Instead of writing the
full names, a one letter or two letter symbol may be used. You can find these
symbols in the periodic table too. It is written inside the same box for that
element. For instance, O is the symbol for oxygen.

Question 1. What are the symbols of the elements with long names
such as beryllium, phosphorus, germanium, and darmstadtium? Cite more
examples of elements and give the symbol of each.

Table 1. Names and symbols of some elements and the group number it
belongs to.
Name Symbol Group Number Atomic
Number

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 B. Notice that most of the one letter symbols are taken from the
first letters of the elements name.

Question 2. What is the symbol of boron, nitrogen, fluorine and

vanadium?

C. For the two letter symbols, most of them start with the first letter
of the element. Notice that the second letter in the symbol may be any letter
found in the element’s name. Notice as well that only the first letter is
capitalized for the two letter symbols.

Question 3. What is the symbol of lithium, chlorine, argon, calcium and

manganese?

There are symbols that use letters taken from the ancient name of the
element. Examples of ancient names are ferrum (iron), argentum (silver),
hydrargyrum (mercury) and plumbum (lead).

Question 4. What is the symbol of iron, silver, mercury, and lead?

D. In the earlier grade levels, you already encountered some

elements. You studied rocks and learned that some are composed of silicon
and magnesium. Some even have gold.

Question 5. What is the symbol of silicon, magnesium and gold?

E. When you were recycling materials, you segregated the objects

according to what these are made of. Some of them are made from
aluminum, copper, tin, or carbon.

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 Question 6. What is the symbol of aluminum, copper, tin or carbon?

F. In nutrition, you were advised to eat enough bananas because it

is a good source of potassium.

Question 7. What is the symbol of potassium?

G. In each box, you will find a number on top of each symbol. This
is the atomic number.

Question 8. What is the element’s name and symbol that comes

before titanium? How about the element that comes after barium?

Elements that are in the same column have similar properties. Each
column is called a family and has a family name. However, at this point, you
will refer first to each family with their corresponding group number. Notice
that the columns are numbered 1 to 18 from left to right.

Question 9. In which group does each of the elements listed in Table 1

belongs to?

Nutrition Facts and Ingredients: The content of the food.

In the next activity, you will find out what elements are present in the
food you eat. From the product labels, information about the contents of the
food is written – named as Nutrition Facts and Ingredients.
The Nutrition Facts is a list of the different nutrients provided by the
food product with their corresponding percentage share on the daily
recommended dietary allowance. Refer to the figure below. Notice that some
of these nutrients are elements such as calcium. Is this food a good source of
calcium?

105
 Source: https://www.google.com/search?
q=ingredients+nutrition+facts+label+cereals&
tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwjhkMG
Figure 3. Food Ingredients

Source:
https://www.google.com/searc
h?
q=sample+nutrition+facts+label
&tbm=isch&source=iu&ictx=1&

Figure 2. Food Nutrition Facts

On the other hand, Ingredients give you a list of the materials that have
been added to make the food product. These materials are the sources of the
nutrients. These are the ones that are taken in by the body.
Refer to the figure 3 above. Find the ingredient ferrous sulfate. Ferrous
is derived from the Latin name of iron. Refer to the figure. This is the Nutrition
Facts which corresponds to the food product having these ingredients. Find
the nutrient iron. How much iron does this food product give as part of the
recommended dietary allowance? From this product label, you can tell that
you will be getting as much as 35% of iron that you need for the day and you
will get it as ferrous sulfate – a compound of iron. The elements in food are in
combination with other elements and the resulting compounds are referred to
as minerals.

106
Learning Episode 3: The code of “matter” on labels

Follow the procedures below:

1. Refer to the labels of different food products below.

Ingredients:
sucrose, creamer (glucose syrup,
hydrogenated palm kernel oil, sodium
caseinate containing milk, sequestrants,
emulsifiers, nature-identical flavors,
sodium chloride, anticaking agents),
maltodextrin, cereal flakes (wheat flour,
rice flour, malt extract, sucrose, corn
grits, acidity regulator), sweet whey
powder, cocoa powder, iodized salt,
thickener, artificial flavour, zinc sulfate, Source:
https://www.google.com/se
iron pyrophosphate. May contain traces of soya. arch?
q=sample+nutrition+facts+l
abel+cereals&tbm=isch
Figure 4. Food Nutrition Facts and Ingredients of Cereal Drink

INGREDIENTS: SUGAR, GLUCOSE SYRUP MIL

INGREDIENTS, MODIFIED PALM OIL,
UNSWEETENED CHOCOLATE, MODIFIED
VEGETABLE OIL, PALM OIL, VEGETABLE
OIL, COCOA BUTTER, SALT CALCIUM
CHLORIDE, CITRIC ACID, SODIUM
BICARBONATE, SOY LECITHIN, NATURAL
https://www.google.com/s
earch? AND ARTIFICIAL FLAVORS.
q=sample+nutrition+facts+ MAY CONTAIN PEANUTS, TREE NUTS OR
label+cereals&tbm=isch&v
EGG.

Figure 5: Food Nutrition Facts and Ingredients of Chocolate Candy

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 Source:
https://www.google.com/search?
Source: q=ingredients+nutrition+facts+label+so
https://www.google.com/search? y&tbm=isch&ved
q=ingredients+nutrition+facts+label+s
oy&tbm=isch&ved
Figure 6: Food Nutrition Facts and Ingredients of Soy sauce

2. List down in Table 1 the compounds in the product label and the constituent
elements. There are cases that you will need to look up the constituent
elements because they may not be obvious from the compound name such
as citric acid, oil.

Food Product Compound Constituent Element

Busog Lusog Bear

Brand

Nips

Soy Sauce
Note: Please add rows as necessary.

3. Name three elements present in the ingredients of the cereal drink which
are not listed in the nutrition facts.
______________________________________________________________
.

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 Summary

 Element is the simplest form of matter which cannot be divided any

further.
 Elements are logically arranged in a periodic table.
 Elements that have the similar properties are aligned in vertical
columns called group or families.
 Chemical symbols are abbreviation of the name of the elements.
Each element in the periodic table has a name and a shorthand symbol
of two or two letters.
 Compounds are made up of two or more elements which are
chemically combined. Water is an example of a compound which can
be separate from each other through the process called electrolysis.
 Nutrition Facts is a list of the different nutrients provided by the food
product with their corresponding percentage share on the daily
recommended dietary allowance.
 Ingredients is a list of the materials that have been added to make the
food product.
 The elements in food are in combination with other elements and the
resulting compounds are referred to as minerals.

Related Experience

Elements essential to Life

In this activity you will identify the elements and compounds that makes
your body healthy and for you to survive. You will get these through the food

109
that you eat or in the surroundings. Write the name of element or compound
in column 1 and sources in column 2 where you can get these elements or
compounds and their functions in your body in column 3. Make a table similar
below.

Element/Compound Source/s Function in your body

Ex: calcium Milk, cheese Essential to formation of

bones and teeth.

Note: Please add rows as necessary.

Post-Test

Choose the best answer and write the letter of your choice on the space
provided before each number.

____1. Which of the following substances is an element?

A. air B. iron C. salt D. sugar
____2. Which of the following is the best description of an element?
A. A substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances.

110
 B. A naturally occurring mineral made of more than one substances.
C. A naturally occurring mineral made of two substances.
D. A collection of atoms that have different abilities when joined
together.
____3. Compounds are different from elements. Which of the following
statement describe compounds?
A. combination of two or more elements.
B. not able to be broken down into parts.
C. made from the same type of atoms.
D. a pure substance, element are not.
____4. Gold is to element and compound is which of the following given
below?
A. potassium B. air C. aluminum D. muriatic acid
____5. Which does not belong to the group?
A. tin B. water C. alcohol D. acetone
____6. Which of the following is a substance?
A. wine B. steam C. orange juice D. bronze
____7. Which of the following statements is true for both elements and
compounds?
A. They are homogeneous.
B. They are the simplest form of matter.

C. They are commonly found free in nature.

D. They can be broken down into simpler substances.
____8. Which of the given elements below is/are component/s of water?
A. oxygen and hydrogen C. carbon
B. hydrogen D. oxygen and helium
____9. Calcium chloride is a compound consisting two elements namely
calcium and chlorine. Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. Calcium chloride is listed in the periodic table.
B. The symbol for calcium chloride includes Ca and Cl.
C. Chlorine may still be broken down into simpler form.
D. Calcium and chlorine belong to the same group in the periodic table.
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____10. How many elements are present in the given compound NaOH?
A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5
____11. Nonmetals are brittle and are normally used as insulators while
metals
are hard, dense solid material. Which of the following pairs of elements
are metals and nonmetals?
A. K and Na B. Ca and I C. Sn and Pb D. Ca and Fe
____12. Which of the following substances is an element?
A. air B. iron C. salt D. sugar
____13. The following substances EXCEPT one are examples of
compounds?
A. hydrogen peroxide B. ammonia C. helium gas D. table sugar
____14. Which of the following substances make up a compound?
A. atoms B. solution C. mixtures D. two or more elements
____15. Which of the following atomic symbol is written correctly?
A. ee B. C C. hE D. CL

Key to Answer

Pre-Test
1. B 11. D
2. C 12. B
3. D 13. C

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 4. B 14. A
5. B 15. C
6. A
7. B
8. B
9. B
10. B

Learning Episode 1 (page 12)

2,3,4,8,10,13,14,15

Made up of one type of atom, cannot be broken down by physical and

chemical methods

1,5,6,7,9,11,12,16

Form when two or more different elements joined together chemically.

1 – two elements 9 – two elements

5 – three elements 11 – two elements
6 – two elements 12 – two elements
7 – two elements 16 – two elements

Learning Episode 2

Name Symbol Group Number Atomic Number

Beryllium Be 2 4
Phosphorus P 15 15
Germanium Ge 14 32
Darmstadtium Ds 10 110
Boron B 13 5

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 Nitrogen N 15 7
Fluorine F 17 9
Vanadium V 5 23
Lithium Li 1 3
Chlorine Cl 17 17
Argon Ar 18 18
Calcium Ca 2 20
Manganese Mn 7 25
Iron Fe 8 26
Silver Ag 11 47
Mercury Hg 12 80
Lead Pb 14 82
Silicon Si 14 14
Magnesium Mg 2 12
Gold Au 11 79
Aluminum Al 13 13
Copper Cu 11 29
Tin Sn 14 50
Carbon C 14 6
Potassium K 1 19
Scandium Sc 3 21
Lanthanum La 3 57

Learning Episode 3

Food Product Compound Constituent Element

Iron pyrophosphate Iron, phosphorus, oxygen
Busog Lusog Bear
Zinc sulfate Zinc, sulfur, oxygen
brand
Calcium chloride Calcium, chlorine
Nips Chocolate
Sodium bicarbonate Sodium, carbon, oxygen
candy
Sodium, nitrogen, oxygen,
Monosodium glutamate
Soy Sauce Datu hydrogen, carbon
Puti Potassium iodate Potassium, iodine, oxygen

Post-Test
1. B 7. A 13. C

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2. A 8. A 14. D
3. A 9. B 15. B
4. D 10. D
5. A 11. B
6. A 12. B

References

A.BOOKS:

Gutierrez, Joseph V. et. al. Phoenix Next Century Integrated Science,

Phoenix Publishing House, Inc., Quezon City

Religioso, Teresita F. et. al. Science and Technology Second Edition,

First Year Integrated Science Textbook, Phoenix Publishing House,
Inc., Quezon City

Science Grade 7 Learner’s Material, First Edition, 2017

Science Grade 7 Teacher’s Guide

B. WEBSITE:

http://www.troup.org/tiered_elem_compound_mixtures.pdf?

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 http://www.cpalms.org

http://courses.lumenlearning.com
https://www.google.com/search?

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