11

Chemistry 1
Quarter 3 – Module 7:
Naming Compounds
Introductory Message
This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, our dear learners,
can continue your studies and learn while at home. Activities, questions,
directions, exercises, and discussions are carefully stated for you to
understand each lesson.

Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-by-
step as you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.

Pre-tests are provided to measure your prior knowledge on lessons in each

SLM. This will tell you if you need to proceed on completing this module or if
you need to ask your facilitator or your teacher’s assistance for better
understanding of the lesson. At the end of each module, you need to answer
the post-test to self-check your learning. Answer keys are provided for each
activity and test. We trust that you will be honest in using these.

In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teacher are alsoprovided
to our facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on how they can best
help you on your home-based learning.
Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any part
of this SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises and tests.
And read the instructions carefully before performing each task.

If you have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulty in answering the
tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator.

Thank you.
 What I need to know

What is your name? Have you ever asked your parents why they gave you that name?
"Why is a name important?" What does your first name reveal about your personality? What
does your last name tell about your personality? How important is a chemical’s name? What
would happen if scientists didn't have a system for naming substances?
Since the beginning of science, chemists have given substances their distinctive names.
Naming a compound requires a crucial skill in chemistry. Students must accurately name or
identify a chemical based on its name when doing lab experiments. Some rules govern the
system in identifying and naming ionic and covalent compounds.
This module will teach us how compounds are named to talk "chemistry" to each other.

At the end of this module, you will be able to:

1) Recognize the different chemical compounds;
2) Name and write the formula of a given chemical compound; and
(STEM_GC11AMIc-e-23)
3) Find the significance of nomenclature in household products.
Going through this module can be a meaningful learning experience. All you need to do is make
use of your time and resources efficiently. To do this, here are sometips for you:
1. Take the pretest before reading the rest of the module.
2. Take time in reading and understanding the lesson. Follow instructions carefully. Do all
activities diligently. This module is designed for independent or self-paced study. It is
better to be slow but sure than tohurry and miss the concepts you are supposed to
learn.
3. Use a separate sheet of paper for your answers in each activity or assessment. Don’t
forget to write your name. Label it properly. “You may answer in English or a
combination of your home language or mother tongue and English.”
4. Try to recall and relate ideas in your previous lessons in your lower years with your
lessons now in this subject. This will help you better understand the new concepts being
presented and assist you in explaining the results of activities or performance tasks.
5. Be honest. When doing the activities, record only what you have really observed. Take
the self-assessments after each activity, but do not turn tothe Answer Key page unless
you are done with the entire module.
6. Don’t hesitate to ask. If you need to clarify something, approach or contact your teacher
or any knowledgeable person available to help you. You may also look into other
references for further information. There is alist of references at the back part of this
module.
7. Take the posttest prepared at the end of the module, so you can assess
how much you have learned from this module.
8. You can check your answers in the activities, self-assessments, and
posttest after you finished the entire module to know how much you have
gained from the lesson and the activities.

What’s in 1
TCSD_Q3_Chemistry 1_Module 7
 International Union of Pure and
Applied Chemistry

Chemical Nomenclature is the naming of chemical compounds.

Chemical nomenclature guarantees the chemical name is the chemical compound
referred to. Each chemical name should reciprocate the precise compound.

The primary purpose of chemical nomenclature is to assure that the given spoken
or written chemical name does not lead to confusion regarding which chemical compound
is referred to: each chemical name should specify a single substance (Libretexts. n.d.).

The information that we can get in nomenclature includes knowing what atoms
are present, the arrangement of atoms within the molecule, and the relationship of the
molecules in each compound.

Before proceeding to our main lesson, let us have first a review of some concepts
which we will encounter in this module:

 Molecule - is a combination of two or more atoms bound by chemical bonds.

 Compound - is a combination of two or more different elements bonded
chemically in a fixed structure.
 Ionic compounds - are compounds made up of ions; they are particles with the
charge formed when an atom/group of atoms gain or lose electrons.
 Covalent or molecular compounds – are formed when electrons are shared to
form molecules. Molecular compounds are neutral and have no charge.

Table 1. Ions
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TCSD_Q3_Chemistry 1_Module 7
 Type Description Example
Ion atom with a net electrical Sodium ion, Na+
charge. (Wikipedia, 2022) Chloride ion, Cl-
Iron (III) ion, Fe3+
Polyatomic Ion a molecular ion, is a covalently Carbonate ion, CO32-
bonded set of two or more Nitrate ion, NO3-
atoms (Wikipedia, 2022) Ammonium ion, NH4+
Binary Ionic Metal + Single Non-Metal Sodium chloride, NaCl
Potassium sulfide, K2S
Aluminum oxide, Al2O3

Ternary Ionic an ionic compound containing Sodium nitrate, NaNO3

three elements Calcium carbonate, CaCO3
Magnesium hydroxide
Mg(OH)2
Ionic with an ionic compound with a Iron (III) chloride, FeCl3
Transition Metal transition metal or polyatomic Manganese (II) sulfate,
ion MnSO4
Copper (I) oxide, Cu2O

Molecular Non-metal + Non-metal Dinitrogen pentoxide, N2O5

(also called Covalent) Carbon dioxide, CO2
Carbon monoxide, CO
Organic Compound that contains Methane, CH4
carbon and hydrogen Ethane, C2H6

What’s new

Activity 1. CHEMISTRY SONG - BONDS

Directions: Watch and learn by accessing this Chemistry song using this link _
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ylb18F-TeIU

Remember to take down notes while watching the video. Then, answer the following questions
below.
There is an attached copy of the song's lyrics for modular students.
Questions to answer:
1) How are the bonds of the elements formed?
2) An Ionic bond is made up of what?
3) A Covalent bond is made up of what?
4) Describe the difference between a covalent and ionic bond.

Chemistry
3 Song TCSD_Q3_Chemistry 1_Module 7
Written and sang by: Mr. Edmonds

”Oooh Yeah
What’s new 4
TCSD_Q3_Chemistry 1_Module 7
 One should be knowledgeable in using the periodic table to help name and
determine the molecular formula. The elements in the periodic table are listed by groups of
elements with the same properties and by their increasing atomic number.
The arrangement of their electrons depends on how the elements react; the
element's atomic number identifies the number of electrons of an element.

Activity 2. SEARCH AND FIND

Directions: Look for the following elements and complete the table below.

A
C F
E
B
D

Figure 1. Periodic table of elements

Table 2. Metal and Nonmetal Charges

Element Symbol Name Ionic Classification

Charge (Metal, Nonmetal, Transition
Metal)
A
B
C
D
E
F
Follow up questions:
1) What makes Transition metal elements different from metal elements?
2) Which type of elements tends to give off their electrons in achieving stability?
3) Which type of elements tends to accept electrons in achieving stability?

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TCSD_Q3_Chemistry 1_Module 7
 What is it?
Naming Compounds that contain a Metal and a Nonmetal Binary
Ionic Compounds
(Zumdahl, 2007)

Binary Compounds - A two-element compound consisting of a cation and an anion.

Type I – Binary Compound Type II – Binary Compound

The metal cation has The metal cation has
only one charge. two or more different
charges.

General Rule: Name these compounds by simply naming the ions.

Ways to name Type I Ionic Compounds

NaI
1. Name first the cation followed by the anion.
2. The name of the cation is acquired from its element’s Na+ I-
name. For example, Na_ is called sodium. Sodium + Iod ide
3. Take the root of the element name the add -ide. Hence, cation anion
the name for Cl_ ion is chloride.
4. Combine the names of the ions to form the name of the
compound.
Sodium Iodide

Ways to name Type II Ionic Compounds

Compounds containing metals with more than one charge.

Example: FeCl2 or FeCl3
1) Determine first the cation present in the compound.
We should be guided by the principle of balancing
charges to identify the charge of the iron cation.

The compound FeCl2, has one Fe2+ ion and two Cl- FeCl2
ions. Iron chloride is the name for this sample compound,
where the II signifies the charge of the iron cation; thus,
Fe2+ is called iron (II). In the same way, Fe3+ is called iron Fe2+ Cl-
(III). Iron + Iod ide
cation anion
FeCl3, which contains one Fe3+ ion and three Cl- ions, is
called iron (III) chloride.
Iron (II) chloride

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TCSD_Q3_Chemistry 1_Module 7
 Teacher’s Note:
o Remember the difference between Type I and Type II cations:
• Group 1 and 2 metals are always Type I.
• Transition metals are almost always Type II.

The older nomenclature system (naming compounds) also names ionic compounds. To do
that, the name of the ion higher charge has an ending of -ic, and the one with the lower charge has
a name ending in -ous. For example, Fe3+ carries the name “ferric”, and Fe2+ is “ferrous”. We then
call FeCl3 and FeCl2, ferric chloride and ferrous chloride, respectively.

Table 3. Common Type II Cations

Ion Systematic Older Name Ion Systematic Older Name
Name Name
Cu2+ copper (II) cupric Pb4+ lead (IV) plumbic
Cu+ copper (I) cuprous Pb 2+ lead (II) plumbous
Co3+ cobalt (III) cobaltic Hg 2+ mercury (II) mercuric
Co2+ cobalt (II) cobaltous Hg22+ mercury (I) mercurous
Fe3+ iron (III) ferric Sn 4+ tin (IV) stannic
Fe2+ iron (II) ferrous Sn2+ tin (II) Stannous
Mercury (I) ions always occur bound together in pairs to form Hg22+

Type III compounds: Compounds contain only nonmetals.

RULES for Naming Type III Compounds Ionic

Compounds

Binary compounds contain two nonmetals but not hydrogen.

1. Start with naming the first element in the formula

wherein the complete element name is used.
2. Name the second element so that it is like an anion.
3. Prefixes are used to connote the number of atoms
present.
4. The prefix mono- is never used for naming the first
element. For example, CO is called carbon
BF3
monoxide, not monocarbon monoxide.
B F
Boron + Tri flouride

Boron Triflouride

Teacher’s Note:
Generally, the less electronegative element is written first in the formula, though
this rule has a few exceptions. Carbon is always first in a formula and hydrogen is
after nitrogen in a formula such as NH3 . The order of common nonmetals in
binary compound formulas is C , P , N , H , S , I , Br , Cl , O , F .

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TCSD_Q3_Chemistry 1_Module 7
Naming and Writing Formulas for More Complex Compounds
(Zumdahl, 2007).

Naming Compounds that Contain Polyatomic Ions

There is a compound that contains polyatomic ions. Familiarize with the special names of
this group of ions.
Another group of polyatomic ions is the oxyanions. For this group, we have: oxygen with a
lower number of oxygen atoms ends in -ite, and the one with the bigger number ends in -ate.

Table 4. Common Polyatomic Ions

Name Ion Name Ion
ammonium NH4+ phosphite PO33−
nitrite NO2− phosphate PO43−
nitrate NO3− hydrogen phosphate HPO42−
sulfite SO32− dihydrogen phosphate H2PO4−
sulfate SO42− perchlorate ClO4−
hydrogen sulfate HSO4− chlorate ClO3−
(aka: bisulfate) chlorite ClO2−
thiosulfate S2O32− hypochlorite ClO−
oxalate hydroxide C2O42− bromate BrO3−
OH− iodate IO3−
acetate CH3COO− permanganate MnO4−
acetate C2H3O2− peroxide O22−
carbonate CO32− cyanide CN−
hydrogen carbonate HCO3− cyanate OCN−
(aka: bicarbonate) thiocyanate SCN−
chromate CrO42−
dichromate Cr2O72−

How to name these compounds?

1. Familiarize with the common polyatomic ions. NH4 C2H3O2
2. Know charge and what makes up the ions.

When you see the formula NH4 C2H3O2, you should NH42 C2H3O
immediately recognize its two “parts”: + -
2

Ammonium acetate
A Roman numeral is used to specify the charge of
metal with two or more charges.

FeSO4 = iron(II) sulfate

It has Fe2+ (to balance the 2- charge on SO42- ).
Fe SO4
Note that you must know the charges of your
Fe2+ SO42-
polyatomic cations to help you balance the charge of
your ions.
Iron (II) sulfate

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TCSD_Q3_Chemistry 1_Module 7
 Naming Compounds that Contain Acids
Specific molecules generate H+ ions (protons) when dissolved in water.
These substances are called acids and are characterized by having a sour taste.
Binary acids are simple acids with just one anion and one hydrogen. An acid can be
viewed as a molecule with one or more H+ ions attached to an anion. The rules for
naming acids depend on whether the anion contains oxygen.

1. If the anion does not contain oxygen, the acid is

named with the prefix hydro- and the suffix -ic
HCl
attached to the root name for the element.
For example, when HCl, HCN, and H2S are in a gas state H+ Cl-
and are immersed in water, they form the following Hydro + chloric acid
acids: anion
HCl = hydrochloric acid
Hydrochloric
HCN = hydrocyanic acid
H2S = hydrosulfuric acid acid

2. When the anion contains oxygen, the acid name is

formed from the root name of the central element of
the anion or the anion name, with a suffix of -ic or -
ous. There is no prefix attached.
H2SO
When the anion name ends in -ate, the suffix -ic is H24
+ SO42-
used. sulfuric acid
H2SO4 = sulfuric acid Sulfate (anion)
H3PO4 = phosphoric acid
Sulfuric acid
HC2H3O2 = acetic acid

When the anion name ends in -ite, the suffix -ous is

used in the acid name.
H2SO
H2SO3 = sulfurous acid
HNO2 = nitrous acid H2 + SO32-
sulfurous acid
Sulfite (anion)

The application of rule 2 is seen in naming acids Sulfurous acid

under the oxyanions group. The chlorine, for
example:
HClO4 = perchlorate perchloric acid
HClO3 = chlorate chloric acid
HClO2 = chlorite chlorous acid
HClO = hypochlorite hypochlorous acid

Teacher’s Note:
Now that you know how to write a chemical's name from its formula. Let us do
it the other way around. Let us reverse the process.

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TCSD_Q3_Chemistry 1_Module 7
 Lesson Writing Formulas of
9 Compounds

A chemical compound is made when two or more ions combine. What is the chemical
formula for calcium chloride? This lesson would need the use of a periodic table of elements.

STEPS in Writing a Chemical Formula

(Jauco et al., 2016)

STEP 1: Identify the symbol and charges of the Calcium chloride

ions in the compound. Ca2+ Cl-

STEP 2: Balance the charges (only the numerical Calcium chloride

value) by identifying multiplier or multipliers. Ca2+(1) Cl1-(2)

STEP 3: Write the multipliers as a subscript of Calcium chloride

the elements. Ca1 Cl2
CaCl2

In some cases, some chemicals are written

in several methods.
Traditional or Stack Method (for metals with Ferric Oxide
two or more charges) utilizes the ending. Fe3+(2) O2-(3)
a. “ic” means that the higher charge is used
b. “ous" means that, the lower charge is used Fe2 O3
Example: Fe – (Iron) have charges of Fe3+ and Fe2+.
Fe2O3

Roman Numerals - The charge of the metal is

represented using Roman Numerals in this Iron(III) oxide
system. Since the charge of the metal is already
given, this process is a little more straightforward
Fe3+(2) O2-(3)
to use than the conventional method.
Fe2 O3
Fe2O3

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TCSD_Q3_Chemistry 1_Module 7
 What’s More

Activity 3– NAME THAT COMPOUND

Directions: Set A. (For numbers 1-5) The flow chart below can guide you in naming the
following binary compounds.

Set A. Naming Chemical Formulas

1) CuO ________________________
2) SrO ________________________
3) B2O3 _______________________
4) TiCl4 _______________________
5) K2S ________________________

Is a Metal present?

YES NO

Does the metal have

only one charge? Type
III

YES NO Use prefixes

Type II Type I

Refer to the principle Start with naming

of balancing charges the cation –
to identify the cation use element name
charge.

Name the anion –

Use a roman numeral take the first part
that matches the and change the end
charge of the cation. part with -ide

Name the anion –

take the first part and
change the end part
with -ide

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TCSD_Q3_Chemistry 1_Module 7
 Directions: Set B. (For numbers 6-10) Given the Chemical name, identify its chemical
formula.

Set B. Writing Chemical Formulas

6) sodium carbonate __________________________
7) lead(IV) oxide _____________________________
8) nitric acid ________________________________
9) dinitrogen pentoxide ________________________
10) ammonium perchlorate ______________________

What I have learned

Fill in the blank(s) with the correct answer after carefully reading each statement or
question below.

1) When ionic compounds are named, the __________ retains the same name as the element.
2) Cations that take on several charges are known as _____________.
3) The name of the ________ is the same as the elemental name, but the ending is omitted changed
with “-ide.”
4) Acids are identified with the prefix "_________," followed by the anion's first syllable, and finally
the suffix "-ic."
5) A__________ compound is a combination of two or more non-metal elements.

What I can do

Activity 4 – NOMENCLATURE AT HOME

Chemicals widely used in daily life are used in many household products. Some chemicals are
edible, while others are poisonous if consumed.
Look around your home for the following things and complete the following table below.

Directions:
1) Determine the substance's primary use (cooking, washing, or medicine) and record it in
the use column.
2) Look at the ingredient list for the substance's main component. In the appropriate column,
write its chemical name.
3) Write the substance's formula based on its chemical name.
4) Check to see if the product is labeled with a precaution. If the material has a threat or
warning, write "Yes." If it isn't mentioned for the substance, write "No."

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TCSD_Q3_Chemistry 1_Module 7
 Substance Purpose Main Component Chemical Formula Hazard or
(Chemical Name) warning
Vinegar

Bleach

Salt

Shampoo

Toothpaste

Baking Soda

Results and Discussion:

1) Are the ingredients listed on the product labels use the chemical formula or the
chemical name? What is the reason for this?
2) Do all warning labels appear on substances that are used in the kitchen?
3) What is the significance of product labeling and product hazard warnings?

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TCSD_Q3_Chemistry 1_Module 7
 Additional Activities

Activity 5 – THE SQUID MAZE

Directions: Completing the maze below will help you gauge if you have integrated everything
you've learned in this lesson.

What is the appropriate way to go to the finish line?

____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Al20
CoCr2O7

Aluminum Potassium Copper (II) Cobalt (II)

Oxide chloride KCl2 dichromate chromate

Al302
Al203 KCl CuCr2O2 CoCrO4

Tin (IV) Gallium Tin (II)

selenide Ammonium NH4CO2 chlorate
SnSe cyanide GaCN
carbonate

SnSe2 HgSO4 Ga(CN)3 Sn(C3lO3)2

Calcium Mercury Tin (II)

phosphate (II) Hg(SO4)2 acetate
sulfate

Ca2(PO4)3 SnC2H3O2
Congratulations for accomplishing this module. You may now look
at the correct answers to all the activities and assessments.

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TCSD_Q3_Chemistry 1_Module 7
TCSD_Q3_Chemistry 1_Module 7
15
What’s New What’s More What I can do
Activity No. 1 Activity No. 3 Activity no. 4
Answers may vary 1) CuO is copper (II) oxide. Answers may vary
2) SrO is strontium oxide.
3) B2O3 is diboron trioxide. Enrichment
Activity No. 2 4) TiCl4 is titanium(IV) Activity No. 5
1) answers may vary chloride. A
2) metals 5) K2S is potassium sulfide.
3) Non-Metals
E
I
6) Na2CO3
G
7) PbO2
8) HNO3
C
9) N2O5 G
10 ) NH4ClO4 K
H
Activity No. 3
1) H2O
2) O2
3) CH4
4) NH3
What I have learned
Cation
Transition metals
Anion
Hydro
Molecular
Answer Key