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    Arithmetic Series and Means: Mathematics 10

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    The document discusses arithmetic means and arithmetic series. It provides examples of inserting arithmetic means between given terms in an arithmetic sequence and calculating the sum of terms in an arithmetic series. It explains that the terms between two given terms in an arithmetic sequence are called arithmetic means. The formula to calculate the sum of terms in an arithmetic series is presented as Sn = n(a1 + an)/2, where n is the number of terms, a1 is the first term and an is the last term. Examples are worked out applying this formula to find the sum of terms in various arithmetic series.

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    Arithmetic Series and Means: Mathematics 10

    Uploaded by

    E
    543 views23 pages
    The document discusses arithmetic means and arithmetic series. It provides examples of inserting arithmetic means between given terms in an arithmetic sequence and calculating the sum of terms in an arithmetic series. It explains that the terms between two given terms in an arithmetic sequence are called arithmetic means. The formula to calculate the sum of terms in an arithmetic series is presented as Sn = n(a1 + an)/2, where n is the number of terms, a1 is the first term and an is the last term. Examples are worked out applying this formula to find the sum of terms in various arithmetic series.

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    Arithmetic-Series-and-Means

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    The document discusses arithmetic means and arithmetic series. It provides examples of inserting arithmetic means between given terms in an arithmetic sequence and calculating the sum of terms in an arithmetic series. It explains that the terms between two given terms in an arithmetic sequence are called arithmetic means. The formula to calculate the sum of terms in an arithmetic series is presented as Sn = n(a1 + an)/2, where n is the number of terms, a1 is the first term and an is the last term. Examples are worked out applying this formula to find the sum of terms in various arithmetic series.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    543 views23 pages

    Arithmetic Series and Means: Mathematics 10

    Uploaded by

    E
    The document discusses arithmetic means and arithmetic series. It provides examples of inserting arithmetic means between given terms in an arithmetic sequence and calculating the sum of terms in an arithmetic series. It explains that the terms between two given terms in an arithmetic sequence are called arithmetic means. The formula to calculate the sum of terms in an arithmetic series is presented as Sn = n(a1 + an)/2, where n is the number of terms, a1 is the first term and an is the last term. Examples are worked out applying this formula to find the sum of terms in various arithmetic series.

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    Arithmetic Series

    and Means
    Mathematics 10
    Arithmetic Means

    The terms of an arithmetic sequence that


    are between the two given terms are called
    arithmetic means. e.g. Arithmetic Sequence 5,
    8, 11, 14, 17, there are three arithmetic means
    between 5 and 17. These are 8, 11 and 14.
    Example#5: Insert three arithmetic means between 17
    and 1. Steps
    17, a2, a3, a4, 1 Rewrite the arithmetic sequence
    including the missing terms.
    a1 = 17
    Identify the 1st term, last term and
    a5 = 1 the nth term of the sequence
    nth term = 5
    an = a1 + (n – 1) d Substitute the given values using
    arithmetic formula an = a1 + (n –
    1 = 17 + (5 – 1 ) d 1) d
    Get additive inverse or transpose
    1 = 17 + (5 – 1 ) d the first term to the left side of the
    1 – 17 = 4d equation and simplify the
    parenthesis.

    -16 = 4d Simplify the equation by subtracting


    the left side of the equation
    4 4
    Isolate the d, by dividing 4 on both
    side of the equation that gives you
    -4 = d the common difference
    Since the common difference is -4, to obtain the
    arithmetic means we can use the common difference
    to complete the sequence.
    Thus, the arithmetic means are:
    a2 = 17 + (-4) = 13
    a3 = 13 + (-4) = 9
    a4 = 9 + (-4) = 5
    17, 13, 9, 5, 1

    -4 -4 -4 -4
    Example#6: Insert five arithmetic means
    between 9 and 51.
    Steps
    9, a2, a3, a4, a5, a6, 51 Rewrite the arithmetic sequence
    including the missing terms.
    a1 = 9 Identify the first term, last term and
    a7 = 51 the nth term of the sequence
    nth term = 7
    Substitute the given values using
    an = a1 + (n – 1) d arithmetic formula an = a1 + (n – 1)
    51 = 9 + (7 – 1 ) d d
    51 = 9 + (7 – 1 ) d Get additive inverse or transpose
    the first term to the left side of the
    51 – 9 = 6d equation and simplify the
    parenthesis.

    42 = 6d Simplify the equation by subtracting


    the left side of the equation
    6 6
    Isolate the d, by dividing 4 on
    7=d both side of the equation that
    gives you the common difference
    Since the common difference is 7, to obtain the arithmetic
    means we can use the common difference to complete the
    sequence.
    Thus, the arithmetic means are:
    a2 = 9 + 7 = 16
    a3 = 16 + 7 = 23 9, 16, 23, 30, 37, 44, 51
    a4 = 23 + 7 = 30
    a5 = 30 + 7 = 37
    +7 +7 +7 +7 +7 +7
    a6 = 37 + 7 = 44
    Arithmetic Series

    The sum of the members of a finite arithmetic


    progression is called an arithmetic series

    For example, consider the arithmetic sequence 1,


    5, 9, 13, 17, . . . , 4n + 1, . . .
    If we add the first five terms of this sequence, we
    obtain
    1 + 5 + 9 + 13 + 17 = 45
    The Sum of the First n Terms of an Arithmetic Sequence
    The sum of the first n terms of an arithmetic sequence given by

    𝒏 𝟐𝒂₁: 𝒏 ;𝟏 𝒅 𝒏(𝒂₁:𝒂ₙ)
    Sn = or Sn =
    𝟐 𝟐

    Sum of 𝒂₁ = first Sum of aₙ =


    terms term terms 𝒂₁ = first
    term last
    d = common term
    n = # of n = # of
    difference
    terms terms
    Example # 1:
    Find the sum of the first 34 terms of the arithmetic
    sequence 1, 5, 9, 13, 17, . . .
    Steps
    a₁ = 1, n = 34 d = 4
    d = a₂ ― a₁ Identify the given values
    =5–1
    d =4
    𝒏 𝟐𝒂₁: 𝒏 ;𝟏 𝒅 Substitute the given to the
    Sn = formula
    𝟐
    𝒏 𝟐𝒂₁: 𝒏 ;𝟏 𝒅 Substitute the given to the
    Sn =
    𝟐 formula

    34 2(1): 34 ;1 4
    S34 =
    2

    34 2: 33 4
    S34 =
    2 Divide the equation by 2
    S34 =17(2 + (33)4)
    S34 =17(2 + (33)4) Simplify the equation

    S34 =17(134)

    S34 =2278 Final Answer


    Find the sum of the first 20 positive odd numbers.
    1, 3, 5, 7, 9, . . .
    Steps
    n = 20,a₁ = 1, d = 2
    d = a₂ ― a ₁ Identify the given values
    =3–1
    d =3
    𝒏 𝟐𝒂₁: 𝒏 ;𝟏 𝒅
    Substitute the given to the
    Sn =
    𝟐
    formula
    𝒏 𝟐𝒂₁: 𝒏 ;𝟏 𝒅
    Sn =
    𝟐 Substitute the given to the
    𝟐𝟎 𝟐(𝟏): 𝟐𝟎 ;𝟏 𝟐 formula
    S20 =
    𝟐

    𝟐𝟎 𝟐: 𝟏𝟗 𝟒
    S20 =
    𝟐
    Divide the equation by 2

    S20 =10(2 + 76)


    S20 =10(2 + 76) Simplify the equation

    S34 =10(78)

    S34 =780 Final Answer


    Example # 3:
    Find the S₁₀ if:
    a. a1 = 5 and a10 =68 b. a1 = 3 and a10 = 39
    𝑛(𝑎₁:𝑎ₙ) 𝑛(𝑎₁:𝑎ₙ)
    Sn = Sn =
    2 2
    10(5:68) 10(3:39)
    S10 = S10 =
    2 2

    S10 = 5(73) S10 = 5(42)


    S10 = 365 S10 = 210
    Find the first term, the last term and the sum of
    each finite arithmetic series.
    35

    6𝑛
    𝑛<3
    Solution:
    Using the general rule to find the first and last terms.
    An =6n
    A3 =6(3) =18
    A35 =6(35) =210
    To find the sum, use the formula Sn = n/2(a1 +
    an ) . However, from A3 to A35, there are 33 terms;
    hence n = 33
    𝒏(𝒂₁:𝒂ₙ) 𝟕𝟓𝟐𝟒)
    Sn = S33 =
    𝟐 𝟐
    𝟑𝟑(𝟏𝟖 :𝟐𝟏𝟎)
    S33 =
    𝟐 S33 = 𝟑𝟕𝟔𝟐
    𝟑𝟑(𝟐𝟐𝟖)
    S33 =
    𝟐
    Find the first term, the last term and the sum of each
    finite arithmetic series.
    22

    (2𝑛 + 5)
    𝑛<1
    Solution:
    Using the general rule to find the first and last terms.
    An = 2n + 5
    A1 = 2(1) + 5 = 7
    A22 = 2(22) + 5 = 49
    To find the sum, use the formula Sn = n/2(a1 + an ) .
    However, from A1 to A22, there are 22 terms; hence n = 22

    𝒏(𝒂₁:𝒂ₙ)
    Sn =
    𝟐
    𝟏𝟐𝟑𝟐
    𝟐𝟐(𝟕 : 𝟒𝟗) S33 =
    S22 = 𝟐
    𝟐

    𝟐𝟐(𝟓𝟔) S33 = 𝟔𝟏𝟔


    S22 =
    𝟐

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