COLLEGE OF ST.

JOHN – ROXAS
Member: Association of LASSSAI- Accredited Superschools (ALAS)

SELF- LEARNING MODULE AND ACTIVITY SHEETS

Learning Area: MUSIC 7 Inclusive Dates: Nov. 4-6, 2020

Learning Content: Music of Cordillera, Mindoro, Palawan, and the Visayas
LESSONS AND COVERAGE:
In this module, you will examine this question/ these questions when you take this
lesson:
MUSIC OF THE NEGRITOS
Essential Questions
What factors influenced the Vocal and Instrumental music of Negritos?
Most Essential Learning Competency:
 describes the musical characteristics of representative selections of Mindoro,
TOPIC 1 Palawan and of the Visayas after listening; MU7LV-IIa-f-1
 explains the distinguishing characteristics of representative music from
Cordillera, Mindoro, Palawan and of the Visayas in relation to its culture and
geography; MU7LV-IIb-f-3
 identifies the musical instruments and other sound sources from Cordillera,
Mindoro, Palawan and of the Visayas MU7LV-IIa-f-2

Learning Objectives:
1. Describes the musical characteristics of representative selections of the
Visayas after listening.
2. Explains the distinguishing characteristics of representative Philippine folk
music from Visayas, in relation to history and culture of the area.
3. Analyzes the relationship of functions of Philippine music to the lives of the
people.
4. Identifies the musical instruments and other sound sources of the Negritos.
5. Appreciate the importance of music in the lives of Negritos.
Discussion

Music of the Negritos

The Negritos are the oldest inhabitants of the Philippines. Although they are found in
different parts of Luzon, such as Cagayan, Isabela, Quezon, Camarines Norte, Panay,
Palawan, and others, the largest group in numbers reside in Zambales. Most Negritos
live in temporary houses built in camps, river-beds, and they move from camp to camp.
They stand 4 to 5 feet, with dark skin, bushy hair, round eyes, short and flat nose, broad
chests, symmetrical limbs, and well-developed muscles hardened by continual use. They
are also referred as Agta or Dumagat in Casiguran, Quezon.

Music sung and played by the Negritos reflects their celebration of life-from birth,
childhood, courtship, marriage, to death-their beliefs and traditions, (rituals, other
ceremonies such as hunting, good harvest, etc.) and recreation. Each note and sound
articulates their feelings and beliefs both to man and nature.

In Casiguran, the Agta or Dumagat has a musical bow which is a very old instrument not
found in most Philippine groups of people.The gitaha is a small type made of a palm
midrib with two strings. It can be amplified by placing between the teeth and lips of the
performer with the mouth serving as resonator or over a tin can which 15 then made to
stand on the chest of the performer, the human body serving as the resonator. It
produces three tones in an interval of a 3rd and a 4th.

Palat, a much bigger type, is the real hunting bow made of the hard core of a palm tree.
It is used to amplify sound. It is usually made with a pig's bladder filled with air, a half of
a coconut shell placed over a flat woven tray or basket, or the floor of a house, or simply
a wooden board can be used. Jaw harp kulibao has sharper/more pointed plucking end
than other harps in Luzon.

Songs are identifiable as tunes, melodies, and rhythms sung at home for recreation.
Texts speak of the Dumagat world---of fights of the boy of Dipodaleng of the mountain
of Berikudiang and hunting by moonlight.
In berikudiang, the singer pushes his throat with the tips of his fingers bunched together
at a point below the Adams apple.

Pinatubo Negrito of Botolan and Villar in Zambales has the following musical
instruments:

 bayig- musical bow bayig

 kulibaw- Jaw harp
 balakhiw- paired-string zither
 bulungudyung- stamping tubes with four holes on one side and one on the other

Songs are named as daruru, axaruy, awarag. Dunura is a love song. Talbun is sung for
festive occasions, especially when visitors come or during weddings. The words are
repeated over and over, with only the variation of raising or lowering the tone. At
intervals all the performers stop and yell at the top of their voices. Sometimes a person
on the outside of the circle will take up the strain on a long-held note of the singers.

Ayta Magbukin instruments are:

 barimbaw-bamboo jaw harp

 palay-flat gongs
 banghiq/ bangsiq-flute

Uso is sung in a ritual kagun to cure the sick or while working. It consists of three non-
metered, short musical phrases (a-b-al), sung repeatedly in different order. It is syllabic
in style.

Amba is a song for marriage ceremony of the same name. It consists of two non-
metered short musical phrases (a-b), sung repeatedly in different order, sometimes with
different rhythm and missing notes. It is also syllabic in style. Ingalu is a lament tor a
dead person.

Negrito or Abyan or Kabihog in Camarines Norte, Bikol Peninsula instruments include:

 kurimbaw-musical bow
 subing-jaw harp
 kalutang-pair of percussion sticks
 bagakay-flute

In a funeral ritual katapusan, a group of singers form circles before a fire and a dead
body. Two or three elder people stay in the center while separate groups of men and
women form two concentric circles, the men turning clockwise and the women counter-
clockwise as they hold the waists of their partners and repeat ends of phrases of the
leading singers.

Magahat in Negros Oriental instruments include:

 Kitara- guitar played for spirits diwata to come as they partake food that is
offered and celebrate good rice harvest
Batak in Palawan include:

 aruding- jaw harp aruding

 Sabagan-Single percussion beam
 kudlung-bamboo zither
 lantoy-nose flute patigunggung-paired-string zither
 tipanu-flute with six holes
 budyung-shell trumpet

Mamanua in NE Mindanao instruments include:

 Subing- jaw harp

 agung- gong
 kudlong-two-string zither
 gimbar- drum
 kogos- one-string fiddle
 bonabon and polundag- lip-valley flute

Mangyan Vocal Music

The character of their vocal music is influenced by the linguistic group they reside in the
different parts of our country.

Mangyan is a general term that refers to eight ethno linguistic groups of proto- malay
origin that occupies the mountainous region of Mindoro island, the seventh largest
island in the Philippines. Politically, the island is divided into two provinces, Oriental
Mindoro and Occidental Mindoro. It is rich in its flora and fauna, copper and gold, and
timber resources.

The Mangyans were believed to settle along the shores of Mindoro island approximately
600-700 years ago. The Mangyans were already practicing the barter trade to the
Chinese, who travelled to the shores of Mindoro using their ancient boats even before
Spain conquered the Philippines. Cotton, root crops, medicinal plants and bees-wax for
beads, gongs, plates and jars were among the local products traded by the Mangyans.

They were gradually forced to leave their coastal settlements by more aggressive
groups/outsiders because the Mangyans appear to have traditionally been an unwarlike
people. They choose to give up an area uncontested rather than fight for it. As a very
nomadic people, they try to avoid outside influences in order to protect their own
culture. They used to live by the sea, but now they have settled in mountainous areas.

Ambahan is a set of archaic and poetic expressions. It has a measured rhyme of seven-
syllable lines which is quite common in the ethnic poetic literature throughout the
Philippines. Igway, which literally means "song," is sung for various occasions such as
putting a child to sleep, greeting friends who just arrived from distant places, giving
advice, bidding farewell, and describing important events.
"Marayaw” entertains spirits to play games on a wooden swing. "Iraya-Mangyan" is a
rendition of "It Came Upon a Midnight Clear." "Pamuybuyen" is a legend about the
great hunter Alitawu and Diyaga, first Mangyan couple created by Apo Iraya.
“Bulaklakan" is sung by young girls from Baclayan, a courting song in poetic form.

Keep this in mind

 The Negritos are believed to be the descendants of the original inhabitants of the
Philippines.
 Vocal and instrumental music of the Negritos are influenced by two factors: the
linguistic group they live with and the nature of their habitation.
 Rituals and ceremonies are usually accompanied by music (vocal and
instrumental), and dance facilitates the Aetas to communicate with the spirits.
 COLLEGE OF ST. JOHN – ROXAS
Member: Association of LASSSAI- Accredited Superschools (ALAS)

SELF- LEARNING MODULE AND ACTIVITY SHEETS

Learning Area: Music Quarter: Second Inclusive Dates: November 4-6, 2020
Learning Content: Music of Cordillera, Mindoro, Palawan, and the Visayas

ACTIVITY SHEETS IN MUSIC 7

Name: ____________________Grade Level: __________ Inclusive Dates: ____________

Activity 1

Directions: Listen to the song “bulaklakan”. You may access the given link below.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QhA9I5agHz8

a. What is “bulaklakan”?

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b. After listening, cite some characteristics of the song that you have observed.
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Activity 2

a. How would you describe the music of Negritos?

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Activity 3

a. What are the common instruments used by the Negritos?

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b. How music impacts the lives of Negritos?

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Date Accomplished: ___________________________ Date Submitted: __________________________

Signature of Student: ________________________ Signature of Parent:________________________

over Printed Name over Printed Name

PREPARED BY:

___SIR JUDY J. DALIVA__

Teacher