Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Regional Office IX, Zamboanga Peninsula

7 Zest for Progress

Z Peal of artnership

Mathematics
Quarter 3 - Module 3:
Basic Constructions of Perpendicular and Parallel
Lines

Name of Learner: ___________________________

Grade & Section: ___________________________
Name of School: ___________________________
 What I Need to Know
This module contains one lesson:
 Lesson 1- Basic Construction of Perpendicular and Parallel lines
After going through this module, you are expected to:
a. define and identify compass and straightedge;
b. bisect line segments and angles using compass and straightedge; and
c. construct perpendicular and parallel lines using compass and straightedge.

What I Know
Directions: Encircle the letter of the correct answer. Take note of the items that you were not able
to answer correctly and find out the right answer as you go through this module.

1. Which geometric tool is use for drawing circles and arcs?

A. Protractor C. Straightedge
B. Compass D. Tape measure

2. Which geometric tool is use as guide for the pencil when drawing straight lines?
A. Protractor C. Straightedge
B. Compass D. Pointer

3. I. Draw arcs above and below the line.

II. Adjust the compasses to slightly longer than half the line segment length.
III. Place the compasses at one end of line segment.
IV. Place the straightedge where the arcs cross, and draw the line segment.
V. Keeping the same compasses width, draw arcs from other end of line.

Which is the correct order of the steps in bisecting a line segment?

A. III, II, I, V, IV C. I, III, II, IV, V
B. III, I, V, II, IV D. I, IV, III, II, V

4.
I. Stretch the compass to any length that will stay on the angle.
II. Place compass point on the vertex of the angle.
III. Swing an arc so the pencil crosses both sides of the given angle.
You should now have two intersection points with the sides (rays)
of the angle.
IV. Place the compass point on one of these new intersection points on
the sides of the angles.
V. Without changing the span on the compass, place the point of the
compass on the other intersection point on the side of the angle
and make a similar arc.
VI. Connect the vertex of the angle to this intersection of two small
arcs.
Which is the correct order of the steps in bisecting an angle?
A. I, II, III, IV, V, VI C. II, I, III, IV, V, VI
B. II, I, III, V, IV, VI D. I, IV, V, II, III, V
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5. In a Math Class, Valerie was asked to bisect a line segment using a
pair of compasses and a straightedge. First, she placed the compass at one
of the line segment and adjusted the compass to slightly longer than half the
length of the line segment. Next, she drew arcs above and below the line.
Then, keeping the same compass width, she drew arcs from other end of the
line.
What should Valerie do to completely bisect the line segment?
A. Place the ruler where the arcs cross and draw the line segment.
B. Place the compasses on the point where one arc crosses a leg.
C. Using a straightedge draw a line from the vertex to the point.
D. Place the compass where the arc cross and draw a line.
6. Which angle is NOT bisected correctly?
A. C.

B. D.

7. What will you do when constructing a line parallel to a given line?

A. Copying a segment
B. Bisecting a segment
C. Copying an angle
D. Constructing a perpendicular
8. Which step should be done first when you construct line parallel to line AB using a
compass and straightedge?
A. Draw a transverse line.
B. Draw a point off to the given line.
C. Draw an arc across both lines.
D. Draw a straight line through a certain point.
9. Which procedure is NOT applicable in constructing perpendicular lines?
A. Draw a line segment and a point above or below the line segment.
B. Draw a transverse line through the given point and across the line.
C. Increase the compass to almost double the width.
D. Using the straightedge, draw a line from a point to where the arcs cross.

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 10.
With your compass point at P, draw an arc intersecting MN at points Q and
.
Which image corresponds to the given step in constructing a
perpendicular line?
A. C.

B. D.

What’s In
Activity 1: Recognize Me?.
Directions: Choose the correct word/term from the box and write your answer in the space
provided.
Line segment Vertical angles Transversal Linear pair

Angle Supplementary Complementary Adjacent angles

Perpendicular Parallel lines Lines

________________1. It is a part of a line that has two endpoints.

________________2. It is the union of two non-collinear rays with a common endpoints.
________________3. Angles whose sum of their measures is equal to 180°.
________________4. Angles whose sum of their measures is equal to 90°.
________________5. Two angles which have a common vertex and a common side but
have no interior points in common.
________________6. These are coplanar lines that do not intersect.
________________7. It is a line that intersects two or more coplanar lines at two or more
distinct points.
________________8. If two angles form a __________, then they are supplementary.
________________9. Two lines are __________ if an only if they intersect to form right
angles.
________________10. Two angles are ___________ if and only if they are non-adjacent
angles formed by two intersecting lines.

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 What’s New
Activity 2: Label me up!
Directions: Choose the word inside the box that best describe the images below.
Write your answer in the space provided.

Angle Bisector Compasses Perpendicular lines

Straightedge Bisector of a line segment Parallel lines

1. ________________________ 4. ______________________

2. ________________________ 5. ______________________

3. ________________________

What Is It
Basic Constructions
A construction is similar to a drawing wherein it produces visual outcome. However
while drawings are often just rough sketches that help to convey an idea, constructions are
step by step processes used to create accurate geometric figures. To create a construction
by hand, there are a few tools that you can use:

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Compasses
Compasses are a drawing instrument
used for drawing circles and arcs. It has two
legs, one with a point and the other with a
pencil or lead. You can adjust the distance
between the point and the pencil and that
setting will remain until you change it.

Straightedge

A straightedge is simply a guide for the pencil

when drawing straight lines. In most cases you will
use a ruler for this, since it is the most likely to be
available, but you must not use the markings on the
ruler during constructions. If possible, turn the ruler
over so you cannot see them.

How to bisect figures using compasses and straightedge?

When you bisect a figure, you divide it into two congruent parts.

 Bisecting a line segment

1. Place the compasses at

one end of line segment.

2. Adjust the compasses to

slightly longer than half the line
segment length.

3. Draw arcs above and below the line.

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 4. Keeping the same compasses
width, draw arcs from other end of
line.

5. Place the straightedge where

the arcs cross, and draw the line
segment.

This will be the bisected line

segment look like.

 Bisecting an angle

1. Place the compasses’ point on the

vertex of the angle.

2. Adjust the compasses to a medium

wide setting. The exact width is not
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important.
 3. Without changing the compasses’
width, draw an arc across each leg of
the angle.

4. Place the compasses on the point

where one arc crosses a leg and
draw an arc in the interior of the
angle.

5. Without changing the compasses

setting repeat for the other leg so that
the two arcs cross.

6. Using a straightedge or ruler, draw a

line from the vertex to the point where
the arcs cross.

This will be the bisected angle look like.

How to construct figures using compasses and

straightedge?

 Constructing parallel lines

Example: Start with a line PQ and a
point R off the line.

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1. Draw a transverse line through R
and across the line PQ at an angle,
forming the point J where it
intersects the line PQ. The exact
angle is not important.

2. With the compasses’ width set to

about half the distance between R and J,
place the point on J, and draw an arc
across both lines.

3. Without adjusting the compasses’

width, move the compasses to R and
draw a similar arc to the one in step 2.

4. Move the compasses to where the upper

arc crosses the transverse line and draw an
arc across the upper arc, forming point S.

5. Draw a straight line through point R

and S.

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  Constructing perpendicular lines
1. Draw line segment MN on your paper. Draw point P above or below line segment
MN.

2. With your compass point at P, draw an arc intersecting line segment MN at points
Q and R.

3. Draw arcs from points Q and R, using the same compass opening that intersect at
point S.

4. Using the straightedge, draw a line from point P to where the arcs cross.

What’s More
Activity 3: Draw me!
Directions: Draw each figure, and then use a compass and a straightedge to bisect
it. Verify by measuring.
1.) a 2 inches line segment
2.) a 4 inches line segment
3.) a 45° angle

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Activity 4: Let’s Construct!
Directions: Use a compass and a straightedge to construct each figure.
1.) A line parallel to line ST

2.) A line perpendicular to line segment CD

What I Have Learned

Activity 5: Complete Me!
Directions: Fill in the blank with the correct word to complete each statement.

1. Compasses are a drawing instrument used for drawing circles and _______.
2. When you ____________ a figure, you divide it into two congruent parts.
3. In bisecting a line segment, first you need to place the ____________ at one end
of line segment.
4. A _______________is simply a guide for the pencil when drawing straight lines.
5. Using a straightedge, draw a _____________ from a given point to where the
arcs crossed to completely construct perpendicular lines.

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 What I Can Do
Activity 6: Fill Me!
Directions: Using a compass and a straightedge, construct the figure following the
given procedures.
Steps Constructed figure
Draw a line horizontally on your paper, relative to you. Draw
points at each end of your line and label it as line LD. Draw a
1
single point above your line, some distance away (like 3
inches) and label it as point U.
Using the straightedge, construct a transverse, a line
intersecting your original line and going through your point
2
above the line. Label the intersection of your transverse and
your original line as point E.
With the compasses’ width set about half the distance between
U and E, place the point E and draw an arc across both lines.
3 Keep the compass legs the same distance apart and repeat the
arc with the compasses’ sharp point on point U. Scribe another
arc that look similar to the one you just draw.
Lift the compass and do not worry about the distance between
the legs. You will put the compasses’ sharp point on the
intersection of the first arc you drew and the transverse. Open
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or close the compass leg to match the distance from that
intersection to the arc’s other intersection, where it crosses the
horizontal line LD.
Lift the compass, be careful to keep the legs the same distance
apart. Put the point down on the intersection of the second arc
and the transverse, point U. Swing the pencil leg of the
5 compass to make a tiny mark through that second arc. Where
you swing the compass and passed through the second drawn
arc, you have a new point of intersection. Label that point as
point M.
Use your straightedge to construct a line that passes through
6 point U and point M. Put endpoints on that line and label it as
point J on the left and point B on the right.
What figure you have constructed?

While performing the activity it is important that you assess your performance following the
criteria below:
RUBRICS
CATEGORY 5 4 3 2
All of the Most of the Some of the Little to none of
Accuracy answers are answers are answers are the answers are
correct correct correct correct
All steps in Most steps in Some steps in
Student did not
Work Shown constructing the constructing the constructing the
show any work
figure are figure are figure were

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 meticulously meticulously missing
shown shown
The output is in The output is in
an orderly an orderly The output is in a The output is
packet and is packet and is packet with disorderly, with
Neatness
incredibly neat, neat, with few several smudges many smudges
with no smudges smudges or or tears or tears
or tears tears

Assessment
Directions: Read the following statement carefully. Encircle the letter that best describes the
statement.

1. What does the tool on the right called?

A. Compass
B. Circle creator
C. Pencil swingy-thing
D. Arc maker

2. Which diagram shows a correct mathematical construction using only a compass and a
straightedge to bisect an angle?

A. I C. III
B. II D. IV

3. What does the word bisect mean?

A. To cut something into more than five pieces.
B. To cut something into two parts (of any size)
C. To cut something into small pieces
D. To cut something into two congruent pieces or in half.

4. Which statement best describes the construction?

A. Ray OC trisects angle BOA.

B. Ray OC is parallel to ray OA.
C. Ray OC is parallel to both rays OA and OB.
D. Ray OC bisects angle BOA.

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5. What does a straightedge be used to when bisecting an angle?
A. Mark the point M.
B. Measure the angle AOB.
C. Copy the angle with an arc.
D. Connect point M and vertex O.

6. What geometric construction is shown in the diagram below?

A. an angle bisector
B. a line parallel to a given line
C. an angle congruent to a given angle
D. a perpendicular bisector of a segment

7. Gwenn is using a straightedge and compass to do the construction shown.

Which best describes the construction Gwenn is doing?

A. a line through P parallel to line I

B. a line through P intersecting line I
C. a line through P congruent to line I
D. a line through P perpendicular to line I
8. What must be the measure of the angles formed when constructing perpendicular lines?
A. 60° C. 120°
B. 90° D. 180°
9. Which step should we do first when constructing line parallel to line AB using a compass and
straightedge?
A. Draw a transverse line.
B. Draw a point off to the given line.
C. Draw an arc across both lines.
D. Draw a straight line through a certain point.
10. What will be the relationship of line RS to line JQ in the given image?

A. Parallel
B. Congruent
C. Similar
D. Perpendicular

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 Additional Activities
Activity 7: Make me!
Directions: Using a compass and a straightedge, construct the figure following the
given procedures. Put your answer on a separate sheet and paste it in the box
provided.
Steps Constructed figure
Draw line segment AB on your paper.
1 Draw point C above or below line
segment AB.
With your compass point at C, draw an
2 arc intersecting line segment AB at
points L and M.
Draw arcs from points L and M, using
3 the same compass opening that
intersect at point N.
Using the straightedge, draw a line
4
from point C to where the arcs cross.

While performing the activity it is important that you assess your performance following the
criteria below:
RUBRICS

CATEGORY 5 4 3 2
All of the Most of the Some of the Little to none of
Accuracy answers are answers are answers are the answers are
correct correct correct correct
All steps in Most steps in
Some steps in
constructing the constructing the
constructing the Student did not
Work Shown figure are figure are
figure were show any work
meticulously meticulously
missing
shown shown
The output is in The output is in
an orderly an orderly The output is in a The output is
packet and is packet and is packet with disorderly, with
Neatness
incredibly neat, neat, with few several smudges many smudges
with no smudges smudges or or tears or tears
or tears tears

14
MATHEMATICS 7 Quarter 3 – Module 3 Answer Key

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Reference/s:
Books
Mercado, Jesus P., Josephine L. Suzara, Fernando B. Orines. Next Century Mathematics
Third Year High School. Phoenix Publishing House, Inc. 2003, 119-184.

Zenaida B. Diaz, et al., Next Century Mathematics 8. Phoenix Publishing House, Inc.2013,
427-559.

Jennie M. Bennett, et al., HOLT McDOUGAL: Mathematics Course 3. Holy McDougal, a

division of Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company, 2010, 335-341.

Electronic Resources
Page, John D. “Constructing Perpendicular at a point on a line”. Math Open Reference,
accessed November 23, 2020, www.mathopenref.com/constperplinepoint.html

Page, John D. “Bisecting an Angle” Math Open Reference, accessed November 25, 2020,
www.mathopenref.com/constbisectangle.html

Page, John D. “Constructing a Parallel through a Point” Math Open Reference, accessed
November 24-25, 2020, www.mathopenref.com/constparallel.html

Pierce, Rod. “Geometric Construction” Math is Fun, accessed November 25-27, 2020,
www.mathisfun.com/geometry/construction.html

Development Team

Writer: Jessaly A. Buer

Payao NHS

Editor/QA: Mary Jane I. Yeban

Eugenio E. Balasabas
Ressme M. Bulay-og

Reviewer:
Gina I. Lihao
EPS- Mathematics
Illustrator:
Layout Artist:
Management Team:
Evelyn F. Importante
OIC- CID Chief EPS

Jerry C. Bokingkito
OIC- Assistant SDS

Aurelio A. Santesas, CESE

OIC- Assistant SDS
Jeanelyn A. Aleman, CESO VI
OIC-Schools Division Superintendent

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