LESSON 9 - Perform Basic Preventive Maintenance

Lubricant is a substance introduced to lessen friction Types and Kinds of Cleaning Solvents
between moving surfaces. Solutions are homogeneous mixture of two or more
Lubricity is the property of reducing friction. components; can be gaseous, liquid or solid.
The dissolved material in a solution is termed as
Types and Uses of Lubricants solute while the dissolving medium is called solvent.
1. Oils cover a broad class of fluid lubricants which
has particular physical properties and characteristics. Solvent is a component of a solution that dissolves
Ex: Petroleum oils (mineral oils) solute and is usually present in large proportion or
Naphthenic oils Paraffinic oils amount.
2. Grease consist of an oil or synthetic fluid (~80%),
a thickening agent (~10%) and additives (~10%).It is Classification of Solvents
ideal for lubricating bearings, gaskets, seals and 1. Polar solvents are solvents which dissolve/are
other moving parts. soluble in water.
2. Nonpolar solvents are solvents which do not
3. Solid lubricants are usually fine powders. dissolve/are insoluble in water.
They can be used alone, or as additives in grease or
dispersions, or as dry film bonded lubricants. Kinds of Cleaning Solvents
Ex: Molybdenum Disulfide (Moly) Water gasoline
Graphite Teflon® (PTFE) Kerosene thinner
detergent soap/soap and water
4. Rust remover is used mainly to dissolve rust. It is
also use as an excellent cleaner. The table below shows the kinds of cleaning solvent
Ex: WD-40 Release All based on their solubility in water.

5. Dry lubricant is a product that, although greasy

when applied, dries in a few minutes and leaves a
protective film.
Ex: JIG-A-LOO Locksmiths

6. Penetrating lubricant. Its lubricating properties

persist even after having removed residues, as it
penetrates into metal.
Ex: PL-100

7. Synthetic lubricants cover a broad category of

oils, greases, and pastes of varied properties.
Types:
- Synthetic greases can last a lifetime, making
them very cost-effective.
- Synthetic oils are used to lubricate instrument
bearings, hydraulics, air compressors, gas
and steam turbines and other applications.

8. Silicones are very stable and very inert lubricants,

which provide a wider range of operating
temperatures than non-silicone synthetic lubricants.

A good lubricant possesses the following Preventive Maintenance of Electrical Tools and
characteristics: Equipment
High boiling point Low freezing point Preventive maintenance is a schedule planned
High viscosity index Thermal stability maintenance actions aimed at the prevention of
Corrosion prevention breakdowns and failures.
High resistance to oxidation
Long term benefits of preventive maintenance 8. Clean disk drive heads, magnetic tape heads or
include: optical paper tape reader.
- Improved system reliability 9. Perform all preventive maintenance procedures for
- Decreased cost of replacement each peripheral device included in the system.
- Decreased system downtime
- Better spares inventory management Lubricating Tools and Equipment
1. Read and analyze the use of preventive
ALWAYS: Maintenance Schedule form.
1. Test and tag electrical leads, tools and equipment 2. Determine the types of tools and machine needed
regularly. to be lubricated.
2. Visually inspect electrical leads, tools and 3. Fill out a requisition slip form for releasing the
equipment for damage before each use. lubricants needed.
3. Use safety switches when using electrical tools 4. Secure a borrower’s slip from your teacher.
and equipment. 5. Fill out the slip form correctly intended for the
4. Use flameproof electrical tools and equipment in needed tools.
areas where there is the potential for flammable 6. Perform the task according to the prescribed
and explosive atmospheres. schedule and the assigned machine.
5. Tools for competent people to repair damaged 7. Perform lubricating procedure.
electrical leads, tools and equipment. 8. Determine the parts of the machine needed to be
lubricated.
NEVER: 9. Apply thin coat of oil on the parts to be used for a
1. Use damaged electrical leads, tools and long period of time.
equipment. 10. Open the bearing cover and apply grease.
2. Use electrical leads, tools and equipment in damp 11. Apply grease on sealed bearing with the use of a
or wet conditions unless they are specially grease gun.
designed for use in those conditions.
3. Place electrical leads in areas where they may be Sharpening Tools
damaged (on the ground, through doorways and Sharpening is the process of creating or refining a
over sharp edges). sharp edge of appropriate shape on a tool or
implement designed for cutting.
Preventive Maintenance Tasks
The following tasks should be performed at least Steps in Sharpening Edge Cutting Tools
every three months: 1. Grinding – the process of sharpening edge cutting
1. Clean the exterior and the interior of the equipment tools if it is nicked or worn out.
cabinet, using a vacuum cleaner and/ or a clean 2. Whetting – the method of sharpening edge cutting
cloth. tools with the use of an oilstone.
2. On larger systems clean air filter using a vacuum 3. Honing – final stage in sharpening edge cutting
cleaner to remove accumulated dust or dirt. tools with the use of very fine to extra fine oilstone
3. Visually inspect all wiring and cables for cuts, and leather.
fraying, deterioration, kinks, strains and mechanical
holders. Tape, solder or replace any defective wiring Insulating- preventing the passage of electricity to or
or hooded connectors. from (something) by covering it in nonconducting
4. Inspect all mechanical security: key switches, material.
indicating lamps, control knobs, fans and data entry
keyboards. Tighten or replace as required.
5. Inspect all modules mounted in panels on I/O slots
to ensure that each module is securely seated in its
connector. Remove and clean any module which may
have collected excess dust or dirt.
6. Inspect the power supply for proper voltages and
check components such as capacitors or resistors for
leakage or overheating. Replace any defective
components.
7. Check disk drive for proper speed. Adjust speed
according to the manufacturer’s specifications.