MULTIMEDIA UNIVERSITY OF KENYA

FACULTY OF COMPUTING & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

PROJECT PROPOSAL

SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

BY

JOSHUA BLESSING OUKO

CIT-222-042/2018
SUPERVISOR: YVETTE AWOUR

JULY, 2022

Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements of Third Year Bachelor of Science

in Computer Technology

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DECLARATION

I hereby declare that this Project is my own work and has, to the best of my knowledge,
not been submitted to any other institution of higher learning.

Student: ___________________ Registration Number: _____________

Signature: ............................................... Date: .....................................................

This project has been submitted as a partial fulfillment of requirements for the
Bachelor of Science in Software Engineering of Multimedia University of Kenya with
my approval as the University supervisor.

Supervisor: _________________________

Signature: ..................................................... Date: ............................................

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Above all, I would like to appreciate God for the gift of life and being able to see me
throughout the time I was working on this project.
I would also like to acknowledge my lecturer Mrs. Yvette Awuor for having been able
to introduce me to project design and with the exposure she gave me, I was able to learn
a lot and gain experience in ways I never imagined of. With her samples, I was able to
formulate everything and come up with a design.
I also appreciate the continuous support of my parents and it is because of their sacrifice
that I am able to be in this institution and work on this project.
Lastly, I appreciate my fellow classmates, especially those we discussed about the best
ways to approach the system design. I was able to have a better understanding on what
I was working on based on their ideas and I’m really grateful to them.

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ABSTRACT

School Management System helps headmasters to get the most accurate information to
make more effective decisions. Teachers and headmasters gain time saving
administrative tools, parents gain immediate access to their children’s grades and
students can track their own progress. School Management System equipped features
makes it possible to generate schedules and reports in minutes and to retrieve attendance
records, grade checks, report cards, transcripts, and form letters in just a few clicks.
School Management Systems helps Teachers to complete grade book, track students’
attendance, input class notes, create lesson plans and detailed reports, and communicate
with other staff members, students, and parents all via e-mail.
It also helps Students to access assignments and tests, and view attendance records,
grades, report cards, and progress reports all online. They also can communicate
through mail and forums with teachers and other students online.
The Berean School Management System is a web enabled application developed in PHP
and powerful MYSQL database backend. To implement Berean School Management
System application, schools do not need expensive hardware and software, they just
need an internet connection and desktops. Our system works as a centralized database
and application that schools can easily access the system from anywhere based on the
login credentials. Berean School Management System is a platform independent system
that virtually any user can access from anywhere through a standard internet accessible
system. We can also customize Berean School Management System for individual
school needs.

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Table of Contents
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM .................................................................................... i
DECLARATION ..................................................................................................................... ii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .....................................................................................................iii
ABSTRACT.............................................................................................................................iv
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................ 1
1.1 Background of Study.............................................................................................. 1
1.2 Problem Statement ................................................................................................. 2
1.3 Aim of the Study ..................................................................................................... 2
1.3.1 Research Objectives ....................................................................................... 2
1.4 Significance of the Study ........................................................................................ 3
1.5 Scope ....................................................................................................................... 4
1.6 Assumptions ............................................................................................................ 4
1.7 Limitations .............................................................................................................. 4
1.7.1 Counter Measures; ......................................................................................... 4
CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW .................................................................................. 5
2.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................ 5
Tasks; .............................................................................................................................. 5
2.2 Related Systems ...................................................................................................... 6
Fedena ............................................................................................................................. 6
SchoolTool ...................................................................................................................... 6
School Time .................................................................................................................... 7
2.3 Proposed Solutions ................................................................................................. 7
CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY............................................................................................ 8
3.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................ 8
3.2 Methodology ........................................................................................................... 8
3.3 Prototype Model; .................................................................................................... 9
3.3.2 The Process of Prototyping ............................................................................ 9
3.3.3 Reasons for Using Prototyping Model .......................................................... 9
3.3.4 Phases in Prototype Model........................................................................... 10
3.4 Data Collection Methods and Tools .................................................................... 11
3.4.1 Existing Data ................................................................................................. 11
3.4.2 Interviews ...................................................................................................... 11
3.4.3 Questionnaires .............................................................................................. 11
CHAPTER 4: SYSTEM ANALYSIS .................................................................................... 12
4.1. Introduction .......................................................................................................... 12

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 4.1.1 System Description ....................................................................................... 12
4.1.2 User Description ........................................................................................... 13
4.2. Detailed Analysis of the Current System ............................................................ 14
4.2.1 Use-Case Diagrams....................................................................................... 14
4.2.2 Sequence Diagram ........................................................................................ 16
4.2.3 Activity Diagram .......................................................................................... 17
4.3. System Requirements ........................................................................................... 18
4.3.1 Functional Requirements ............................................................................. 18
4.3.1 Non-Functional Requirements..................................................................... 19
4.4. Conclusion............................................................................................................. 19
CHAPTER 5: SYSTEM DESIGN ......................................................................................... 20
5.1 Introduction .......................................................................................................... 20
5.1.1 Analyze Phase ............................................................................................... 20
5.1.2 Build a Prototype .......................................................................................... 20
5.1.3 Programming Tool ....................................................................................... 20
5.2 Design Phase ......................................................................................................... 21
Class Diagram .............................................................................................................. 21
Database Schema.......................................................................................................... 22
5.3 User Interface Design ........................................................................................... 23
Admin Login Interface................................................................................................. 23
Admin Interfaces .......................................................................................................... 23
CHAPTER 6: IMPLEMENTATION AND TESTING .......................................................... 24
6.1 Development Environment .................................................................................. 24
6.2 System Components ............................................................................................. 24
6.3 Testing ................................................................................................................... 25
6.3.1 Performance Testing .................................................................................... 25
6.3.2 Functionality Testing.................................................................................... 25
6.3.3 Security Testing ............................................................................................ 26
6.3.4 Database Testing........................................................................................... 26
CHAPTER 7: CONCLUSION ............................................................................................... 27
7.1 Achievements and Lesson Learnt........................................................................ 27
7.2 Conclusion............................................................................................................. 27
7.3 Recommendations ................................................................................................ 27
7.4 References ............................................................................................................. 28

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CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of Study
Education is the process of facilitating learning which in this case is the acquisition of
knowledge, skills, values, morals, beliefs, habits and personal development. Education
originated as transmission of cultural heritage from one generation to the next. Today,
education goals increasingly encompasses new ideas such as liberation of learners,
critical thinking about present information for future applications and skills needed for
the modern society.
Schools are educational institutes designed to provide learning environment for the
teaching of students. Several countries have systems of formal education which
sometimes is compulsory where students progress through a series of schools.
This being a major factor in the life of human-kind, it is important to ensure its success
and smooth running to provide a reliable environment for relaying information to the
learners. The population of both the staffs and students in schools is so many and this
calls for easier ways to manage and run institutions without difficulty.
Managing a school and bringing together departments to achieve the goals is always a
big challenge for schools. Transforming the system with improved technology to
support the academic and administrative processes will make it easier to achieve their
goal.
To ensure success in everyday tasks of the schools, it is highly recommendable to
modernize public education system with cloud, mobile and digital technologies to
improve operational efficiency and manage the institution effectively.
Major problems faced by a majority of schools that I aim at developing a system that
will solve include; elimination of paper-based process by developing a system that
automates academic progress of each student to save time and reduce staff workload,
management of students’ registration and storage of students’ data by developing a
database that will automatically update the records of each student, management of
subjects taught in schools by automatically developing timetables and allocating
efficient time for teaching of the mentioned subjects, communication and collaboration
among various departments and students grades monitoring.
The main focus in this project is to design a system that can support running of the
schools by linking various departments within the institute and the management. It is a
platform where information will be passed, requisitions made and suggestions posted.

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1.2 Problem Statement
The academic achievement for many students has declined because of lack of care and
monitoring from their parents as they no longer have time to visit the schools to check
on their children performance and also due to increased population in a majority of
schools hence increased workload for the teachers. Headmasters and teachers face
major problems at the start of every new academic year, because of the distribution
process for subjects and classes, in addition to this, through the end of every year,
another major challenge they face is the complexities of the grades entry process for
their students. Lack of communication and collaboration among the teachers, staffs and
parents has a bad reflection on the education process. Students’ data are also lost or
interfered with due to increased population and poor management of students’ and
staffs’ data.

1.3 Aim of the Study

The importance of school education lies in the fact that the children of today will
become adult citizens of tomorrow. The growth and future of our country highly
depends on the quality of the present school education system. This study is aimed at
enabling a school to run efficiently in terms of management of major activities around
the school to enhance smooth running and enable the school achieve their chief
objective which is to stimulate interest and curiosity in the students and provide all
possible facilities for headmasters, teachers and parents to achieve the desired goal
which is a better and efficient educational ways for students.

1.3.1 Research Objectives

The main objectives of this study include;
 To build a responsive web application to manage the different school activities
 To track students’ grades from their parents
 To facilitate grades entry process for students by teachers
 To facilitate distribution process of subjects and classes for teachers.
 To make a virtual community between the members of educational process.

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1.4 Significance of the Study
The school management system is more organized in a number of ways, students can
access and upload learning materials with ease at any location as long as they are legible
to access the platform.
Teachers are able to conduct their duties with ease. By using the system, the teachers
are able to assess the students and this also saves on time and reduces the workload as
some of the tasks such as generating results are automated. It also helps in keeping the
students’ grade records. The parents are also able to access the students’ results through
this platform.
This system also enhances effective communication. It is able to connect the school
administration with the parents, teachers and students. It also connects various
departments within the school and this enhances effective running of the school.
Information can be relayed and requisitions can be made to the administration through
this platform.
The system helps in students’ admission, storing and updating students’ data. This has
helped to get rid of chaos and also reduced the workload during the admission
processes. Students no longer worry about losing track of their studies or their school
documents. The system also minimizes mistakes due to human error, lost or duplicated
documents.
The school system is of great importance as it streamlines school administration with
its robust features and is able to keep track of every activities or events taking place in
the school with a lot of ease.

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1.5 Scope
The designed system is intended to help the schools that wants to store their students
and management records into the computer. This will be done by uploading the data on
the database by one of the admins that is legible to access the database.
The school management system will store all personal and academic information of the
students. It will also store the fee information of the students. The management will be
able to acquire any information of any students who studied/ studying in the institute
till the present time with ease hence minimal loss of students’ data.
This application will also help the management to store their employees’ information
including their personal information and salary information. It will also be able to keep
track of their presence and absence in their various work places.
The payroll system being a very important part in any organization, this system will
also handle the pay roll system of this institute. It will also store the results of the
students, generate mark sheets, result cards and attendance reports for both the staffs
and students.
1.6 Assumptions
In the development of this application, the following assumptions were made;
 The users of this system have the basic knowledge on using a computer device
 The users of this system have access to the internet
 The users are able to understand English

1.7 Limitations
a. Lack of immediate information storage – The information generated by various
transactions takes time and efforts to be stored at right place.
b. Lack of immediate retrievals – The information is very difficult to retrieve and
to find particular information e.g. to find out about the student’s history, the user
has to go through various registers. This results in inconveniences and wastage
of time.
c. Lack of prompt updating – Various changes to information like student’s details
are difficult to make as paper work is involved
d. Error prone manual calculation – Manual calculations are error prone and take
a lot of time and this may lead to incorrect results.
1.7.1 Counter Measures;
a. Batch Systems – The use of a computer based batch system for maintaining the
information regarding students’ and staffs’ details. This is a system in which
data is processed in periodical basis.
b. Online System – This system provides online storage, updates and retrieval
facility. This system promises very less or no paper work and also provides help
to the school management.

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CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Introduction
This chapter intensifies and identifies the concepts of Berean School Management
System based on the management.
Berean School Management System is a complete school information management
solution. Today’s schools need to manage more information than ever before. Without
a solid internal infrastructure for teachers, headmasters and departments to share data,
critical school and students’ information can be lost or worse leading to a host of
problems that can have effect on the school’s image and endurance. To remain
competitive, school needs a simple solutions that can run individual function, connect
their entire operation, and use the web as a key communication tool and simplify day
to day operational responsibilities, giving staffs more time with students.
The Berean School Management System automates various scheduling activities of the
school and optimizes the use of premium resources. Concerned authorities can now
easily and seamlessly use the system to create timetables, otherwise a time consuming
and tedious task.
Tasks;
Berean School for Management
 Single point school management software
 Manage multiple departments within the school
 Enable internet front-end for the school
 Connect with parents and other stakeholders effectively
 Build and manage community of parents, teachers and students
 Manages all administrative records with zero redundancy
 Achieve best possible resource optimization
 Automate all operational functions like Fees, Attendance, Exam management
 Automate generation and regeneration of timetable with dynamic substitute
management
Berean School for Teachers
 Completes marks/grades management and view timetable in advance
 Publish articles for others
 Interact with parents efficiently and effectively
 View analytical reports
 Email and Internal messaging system
 Participate in forum and share knowledge with others
Berean School for Students
 Real time exposure for better learning
 Publish article to share knowledge, experience and views
 Participate in forums
 View online marks and timetable for studies and exams
 Interaction with other students, teachers and parents
 View current events and holidays at school

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Berean School for Parents
 Get latest updates about school through image gallery, news, etc.
 Share knowledge and views with other parents and school through various
features like article and forum
 Get connected with schools effectively and easily
 Interact with teachers through internal messaging system
 Know status about his/her child through attendance, marks, fees, etc.

2.2 Related Systems

Fedena
This is an open source school administration software that largely focuses on handling
records
Advantages
Fedena offers unlimited administration and student logins to use their system, along
with unlimited courses and batches. The system was developed using Ruby on Rails,
so schools can easily customize the code to their school’s needs. The system includes
human resources, a calendar, financial management, examination management, and
student/parent logins.
Disadvantages
Fedena is the free version of another school administration software of the same name.
When comparing the free version to the paid version, it becomes clear that the open-
source version is lacking in a number of features, including inventory, custom reports,
registration, and discipline.
SchoolTool
This is a clod-based open-source school administration software made for schools in
the developing world.
Advantages
SchoolTool has a ton of features that largely appeal to teachers. It provides educators
with what they need to run their classrooms (grade books, skill assessment documents,
class attendance sheets, and daily participation journals), strong organization features
(including a calendar that plugs in with popular calendar applications like Google
Calendar), and a great report card generator. SchoolTool was made with Python, is
largely secure, and is run on Linux Ubuntu.
Disadvantages
SchoolTool is a great starting software for smaller schools, but it isn’t an all-inclusive
piece of software. For example, schools will have to find other applications to do human
resources, reporting, and financial management. School Tool is far more a tool for
teachers than it is for headmasters.

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School Time
For a smaller school, such as a private elementary or pre-school with 50 students or
less, the free version of School Time may be just what you are looking for.
Advantages
No financial obligations or credit cards are required for the free version of the program
and it never expires. Features include board management, grading systems, library
databases, exam management, transportation, attendance, and even dormitory
management.
Disadvantages
The most obvious disadvantage would have to be the limit on the amount of students
that can be accounted for in the free version of School Time. Of course this issue can
be solved by upgrading to the not-so-free versions of School Time, but doing so would
negate the “free and open source” solution you were looking for. So, as long as your
school falls at or below 50 students, School Time can be a fit for you.

2.3 Proposed Solutions

I have identified the concepts of my system and the technologies that have been used
with my system. Also the related systems and their advantages and disadvantages, and
a comparison between my system and other systems. I will maximize on the advantages
of the related system and build a system that is comprehensive and avoid every other
limitation that comes with other systems to build a complete, stable and very efficient
system.

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CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY
3.1 Introduction
This chapter states the methodology used to reach the objectives of the project. The
framework in which the system is designed, developed and maintained also known as
the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC). It shows the steps, phases, milestones
and evolution of the software development process. There are many types of models
used in software design and development. Among them are the spiral models, rapid
development model, evolutionary model, waterfall model, prototyping model, etc.
3.2 Methodology
Prototyping Model has been used to develop this application. The Prototyping model is
a technique for quickly building a function but incomplete model of the information
system. There are several kinds of prototypes but they all intend to reduce risk by
building a quick and dirty replica or mockup by the intended system. It can be used to
demonstrate technical feasibility when the technical risk is high. It can also be used to
better understand and elicit user requirements. In either case, the goal is to reduce risk
and limit costs by increasing understanding of proposed solutions before committing
more resources, as shown in figure 1. Below:

Analyze
Prototype

Design

Implement

Test

Maintain

Figure 1: Prototype Model Process

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3.3 Prototype Model;
3.3.1 Advantages
 Reduces development time and costs
 Requires user involvement
 Developers receive quantifiable user feedback
 Facilitate system implementation since users know what to expect
 Results in higher user satisfaction
 Exposes developers to potential future system enhancements

3.3.2 The Process of Prototyping

Identify basic requirement: Determine basic requirements including the input and
output information desired details such as security, can typically be ignored.
Develop initial prototype: The initial prototype is developed that includes only user
interfaces.
Review: The end-user examines the prototype and provide feedback on additions or
changes.
Revise and enhancing the prototype: Using the feedback, both the specifications and
the prototype can be improved.
This method involves a series of iterations and refinement until the prototype product
is a fully working system, and the user is satisfied.

3.3.3 Reasons for Using Prototyping Model

 Users are actively involved in the development
 Since in this methodology a working model of the system is provided, the user
gets a better understanding of the system being developed.
 Errors can be detected much earlier
 Quicker user feedback is available leading to better solutions
 Missing functionality can be identified easily
 Confusing or difficult functions can be identified requirements validations,
quick implementation of incomplete, but functional application.

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3.3.4 Phases in Prototype Model

Figure 2: Prototype Model Phases

3.3.4.1 Phase 1;
Identify some requirements to begin with: Get lists of some major requirements which
define the need for the new system including the main input/output information.

3.3.4.2 Phase 2;
Develop Initial Prototype: Develop a basic initial prototype which only has UI screens.

3.3.4.3 Phase 3;
Review the Prototype: End users examine the prototype and provide feedback for
improvement or enhancement.

3.3.4.4 Phase 4;
Revise and enhance the prototype: Scope is changed based on the feedback from the
end user and the prototype is enhanced and refined to accommodate user feedback.
I used Prototyping Model as the methodology for developing this system, and I
highlighted the advantages of prototyping, its process, its phases and reasons of using
its model.

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3.4 Data Collection Methods and Tools
This section is based on the processes of gathering and measuring information on
variables of interest in an established systematic fashion that enables one to answer
stated research questions, test hypotheses and evaluate outcomes. During this stage, the
software developer work hand in hand with the users and stakeholders to help him/her
collect valuable data for use in designing the system. This process is quite significant
in identifying the problems that has to be solved.
The various methods and tools used to collect data include;
3.4.1 Existing Data
This method of data collection involves the introduction of new investigative questions
in addition to the ones originally used when the data was initially gathered. It involves
adding measurement to a study or research. By this we refer to sourcing data from the
school.
The tools that can be used in this process are; surveys; this enables the designer to gather
information from a sample of the students or staffs of the school with the intention of
generalizing the results to a larger population.

3.4.2 Interviews
This method of collecting data is a face-to-face conversation between two individuals
with the sole purpose of collecting relevant information to satisfy a research purpose.
With this type of data collection, the designer is able to gather a bulk of information on
the major challenges that the various departments face. This will enable the designer to
develop a system with none or minimal challenges to the various departments of the
school hence smooth running.
The data collection tool used in this case is an audio device to record every interview
and with this, the designer is able to review during system testing to check if the
challenges have been rectified in the developed system.

3.4.3 Questionnaires
This is the process of collecting data through an instrument consisting of a series of
questions and prompts to receive response from individuals it is administered to. It is
designed to collect information from a group of people just as in a school where exists
various groups of people.
The data collection tool used in this process is a paper questionnaire where the various
individuals from various departments give their opinions based on te questions
administered.

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CHAPTER 4: SYSTEM ANALYSIS
4.1. Introduction
This chapter will provide a full description of the system and its users. Then it depicts
the functional and non-functional requirements that have been collected using several
methods like brainstorming, interview and e-surveys. After determining the most
important requirements, analysis was adopted using several tools such as use-case
diagram, sequence diagram and activity diagram.

4.1.1 System Description

Berean Management System is a web based system that serves Students, Teachers,
Headmasters and Parents, the main idea of our system is to allow the students to be up
to date with the school activities and with their grades, and the same thing for their
parents in addition to be in touch permanently with the teachers and the headmaster for
any complaint, recommendation or anything that related to their students. And for
teachers it consider as an easy way to manage their job’s day, to be in touch with
students and to enter their grades or anything they want to send it or view it to the
students. And for the headmasters, they have a full control of the system, and like the
teachers, it will be a great tool to manage their days and plans for the school, also they
will be in a permanent connection with all the other users which will be a wonderful
virtual educational social community that definitely will improve the student’s
performance and education, and make the school for them really as they second’s home.

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4.1.2 User Description
There are four main users for the proposed system; these are Admin, student, teacher
and the parent. Each user can perform several different functions during the use of the
system. These functions were determined according to the design of the proposed
system and a user-friendly functions to make the system more effective and efficient.
Figure 3 summarizes the functions performed by each user.

ACTORS FUNCTIONS
- Log In/Out
- Add New Subject
- Add New Class
- Add New Teacher
- Edit Teacher
ADMIN ( Head-Master )
- Add New Student
- Edit Student
- Add New Parent
- Edit Parent
- Post Tasks and any updates
- Log In/Out
- Enter Students Grades
TEACHER
- Post Tasks and any updates
- View Complaints and Recommendations
- Log In/Out
STUDENT - View Subject Grades
- Post Complaints and Recommendations
- Log In/Out
PARENT - View their students’ grades
- Post Complaints and Recommendations

Figure 3: User Description

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4.2. Detailed Analysis of the Current System
This part contains the analysis of the functional and non-functional requirements using
use-case diagrams, and use-cases details. In addition, the interactive behavior of the
activities is analyzed using sequence diagrams and activity diagrams.

4.2.1 Use-Case Diagrams

This part contains the analysis of the functional and non-functional requirements using
use-case diagrams and user-case details.

i. Admin
The functions that the Admin can do after login, as shown in figure 4.
- Add Teacher include (Modify/Delete).
- Add Student include (Modify/Delete).
- Add Parent include (Modify/Delete).
- Add Class include (Modify/Delete).
- Contact with teachers, students and parents.

Figure 4: Admin use case Diagram

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 ii. Student
The functions that a Student can do after Login, function as shown in figure 5.
- View Personal Information
- View Courses Marks
- View Personal Details
- Contact with teachers and head master

Figure 5: Student use case Diagram

iii. Teacher
The function that teacher can do after login, as shown in figure 6.
- Enter Student’s Grades
- Modify or Delete grades
- Contact with students, parents and head master

Figure 6: Teacher use case Diagram

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 iv. Parent
The functions that Parent can do after login, as shown in figure 7.
- View their child’s grades
- Contact with teachers and head master

Figure 7: Parent use case Diagram

4.2.2 Sequence Diagram

Describes an Interaction by focusing on the sequence of Messages that are exchanged
along with their corresponding Occurrence Specifications on their Lifelines.

Figure 8: Sequence Diagram

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4.2.3 Activity Diagram
Describe dynamic aspects of the system. It is basically a flow chart to represent the flow
from one activity to another activity. The activity can be describes as an operation of
the system. So the control flow is drawn from one operation to another.

Figure 9: Activity Diagram

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4.3. System Requirements

Before creating any website or mobile application, it is necessary to visualize the layout,
design and all features intended to be incorporated. In addition, how users will interact
with each page and icon and how the website/application should perform (behavior,
load time, etc.). Requirements are the necessary attributes in the system, a statement
that identifies a capability, characteristic or quality factor of the system in order to have
value and utility to the users. Once the requirements are set, developers can initiate the
other technical work including system design, development, testing, implementation
and operation.
For any system, there are functional and non-functional requirements to be considered
while determining the requirements of the system. The functional requirements are user
“visible” features that are typically initiated by stakeholders of the system, such as
generate report, login, and signup. On the other hand, nonfunctional requirements are
requirements that describe how the system will do what it is supposed to do, for
example, security, reliability and maintainability.

4.3.1 Functional Requirements

i. Admin (Head Master)
- Create, edit and delete student account
- Create, edit and delete teacher account
- Create, edit and delete parent account
- Post tasks or any updates for users (Teacher, Student and Parent).
- Store, edit, delete, calculate and print students’ grades
- Add classes and Subjects and connect them with the subjects’ teachers.

ii. Teacher
- Enter Student’s grades per subject
- Contact with students and parents
- Post tasks or any updates for users (Admin, Student and Parent)

iii. Student
- View their grades
- Contact with their teacher and head master

iv. Parent
- View the grades of their children
- Contact with their teacher and head master.

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4.3.1 Non-Functional Requirements
i. Security
Every User has his own account and only authorized users can access the system with
username and password. The passwords are encrypted using a PHP function.
ii. Performance
Easy tracking of records and updating can be done
iii. Availability
The system are available to users anytime, anywhere, just need a PC and Internet
Connection. Also the system work in multiple web browsers like Chrome, Mozilla,
Opera and Microsoft Edge.
iv. User Friendly
The system have a friendly user interface and the system is very interactive.

4.4. Conclusion
The description for the system and its users have been outlined, the functional and non-
functional requirements, mentioned above is also several tools such as use case
diagrams, sequence diagram and activity diagram that have been used to analyze the
interactive behavior of the activities.

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CHAPTER 5: SYSTEM DESIGN
5.1 Introduction
This chapter explains the design and implementation phases of the system. It depicts
the class diagram, Entity Relationship diagram and database schema the system.
Moreover, the implementation phase combines the requirements, design phase outputs
and process them using the appropriate technologies.

5.1.1 Analyze Phase

During the analyze phase, we determine the requirement of the project and get in touch
how we can improve the school’s performance, also we determine how to implement
the school’s needs to help them to get professional work.

5.1.2 Build a Prototype

In this phase, the tools used in developing the prototype and the developed system are
described.

5.1.3 Programming Tool

The system we developed using web development techniques (HTML5, CSS3,
JavaScript, JQuery) that let us design the system layout such as login form, tables,
panels and colors, then implement UI/UX elements such as:
- Make the system ease to use
- Make the system ease to learn
- Choose the website color carefully to enhance user interfaces
Then make the system dynamic to using programming tools (PHP v7, MYSQL DBMS)
it lets us store the user’s information in database and view it through the webpages using
PHP v7.

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5.2 Design Phase
During the design phase, the relationships between classes was designed and analyzed
using the class diagram. After that, the database schema was developed to illustrate the
mapping of the data. Finally, the user interface is designed where the users of the system
can operate.

Class Diagram
To illustrate the relationships and source code dependencies among classes, class
diagram was developed. In this context, the class defines the methods and variables in
an object, which is a specific entity in a program or the unit of code representing that
entity.

Figure 10: Class Diagram

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Database Schema
A database schema is the skeleton structure that represents the logical vie of the entire
database. It defines how the data is organized and how the relations among them are
associated. It formulates all the constraints that are to be applied on the data.
The system has five database tables as shown in figure 11. Each table contains an ID
and several different attributes related to different functions in the system.

Figure 11: Database Scheme

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5.3 User Interface Design
Admin Login Interface

Figure 12: Admin Login Interface

Admin Interfaces
Dashboard

Figure 13: Admin Dashboard

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CHAPTER 6: IMPLEMENTATION AND TESTING
6.1 Development Environment
After developing the database of the system, the implementation phase emerges and
through this phase, several activities and techniques were used to develop the website,
as shown below. The development of the website starts with designing the website
structure using HTML5, then the style of the website was designed using CSS3. After
that, enhanced user interfaces and dynamic website were developed using JavaScript
and JQuery. Later on, the website contents and databases were managed through the
use of PHP7. Finally, the panorama was incorporated in the website.

6.2 System Components

 Design website structure using HTML v.5
 Design styles of the website, including the design and layout using CSS v.3
 Provide enhanced user interfaces and dynamic website using JavaScript and
JQuery
 Manage dynamic contents, databases and session tracking using PHP v.7
 Incorporate Panorama

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6.3 Testing
In this phase, the performance testing and functionality testing was performed.
Two types of testing was conducted to test the website and how it support mobile
working. These tests were mainly performance testing and functionality testing.

6.3.1 Performance Testing

The website was tested on Chrome browser using an online tool called GTMetrix which
analyzes web pages according to different rules by giving each rule a weigh, and then
evaluate the score of each rule for the website. The rules tested by this tool is indicated
below;

2. Remove duplicate JavaScript and

1. Make fewer HTTP requests CSS
3. Use a CDN 4. Configure ETags
5. Avoid empty src or href 6. Make AJAX cacheable
7. Add Expires headers 8. Use GET for AJAX requests
9. Compress components with 10. Reduce the number of DOM
GZip elements
12. Avoid HTTP 404 (Not Found)
11. Put CSS at top error
13. Put JavaScript at bottom 14. Reduce cookie size
15. Avoid CSS expression 16. Use cookie-free domains
17. Make JavaScript and CSS 18. Avoid AlphaImageLoader filter
external
19. Reduce DNS lookups 20. Do not scale images in HTML
22. Make favicon small and
21. Minify JavaScript and CSS cacheable
23. Avoid URL redirects
Figure 14: Rules used during testing of the website

6.3.2 Functionality Testing

All functions in the application, database connection, forms used to enter data for
submission, editing, getting or deleting information from users were tested. Developers
performed the test of the website. Some functionality requirements were tested during
the test.

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6.3.3 Security Testing
Security was tested by pasting internal URL directly into browser address bar without
login. SQL injection SQL MAP tool was used to test all pages in website. Also when
the user (Admin, Teacher) need to edit marks or information to other user if he edit the
id in URL the system will redirect to logout page or home page.

6.3.4 Database Testing

Data consistency is very important. Data integrity and errors while editing, deleting,
modifying the forms or do any DB related functionality were checked. Moreover, the
entire database queries were checked to be executed correctly, data is retrieved correctly
and even updated correctly.

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CHAPTER 7: CONCLUSION
7.1 Achievements and Lesson Learnt
Some of the lesson I was able to learn and achievements I made include;
 System analysis plays a major role in the success of the system design
 I was able to learn a lot and gain experience working with HTML, CSS,
JavaScript and PHP in designing the system
 It is very important to undergo the process of system testing before submission
to the users

7.2 Conclusion
In recent years, with the pace of technological advancement, people have become more
and more demanding in terms of quality of life and the school managers in recent years
look forward to improve the performance in their schools to get the highest rate of
knowledge and experience in their student.

7.3 Recommendations
For future development, some ideas and features can be considered as a future work for
this project. These features can be summarized in the following;
 Let the student perform/conduct exams online
 Bank of question per subject
 Let teacher add questions to the bank of questions
 Let admin add new classes
 Add medical examination part to the system, with a medical supervisor as a new
user

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7.4 References
1. Duckett, J. Web Design with HTML, CSS, JavaScript and jQuery Set 1st Edition.
2. Luke Welling, L. T. PHP and MySQL Web Development (4th Edition) 4th Edition.
3. Chakraborty, N. R. Software Development Methodology: Live Prototyping
Approach.
4. Thomas, D. The Pragmatic Programmer: From Journeyman to Master 1st Edition.

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