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    Module 1 Lesson 2& 3

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    Shifra Jane Piquero
    The document discusses medieval and modern/contemporary philosophical perspectives on the self. For medieval philosophers like Augustine and Aquinas: - The self is a combination of body and soul, with happiness found through God alone. Virtue requires loving others. - Aquinas proclaimed reason as supreme and identified truths known through reason and divine revelation. For modern philosophers like Descartes, Locke, and Kant: - The mind and body make up the self, with the mind as the seat of consciousness. For Descartes, "I think, therefore I am." For Locke, humans are born a blank slate. For Kant, we have duties defined by the Categorical Imperative.

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    Module 1 Lesson 2& 3

    Uploaded by

    Shifra Jane Piquero
    60 views12 pages
    The document discusses medieval and modern/contemporary philosophical perspectives on the self. For medieval philosophers like Augustine and Aquinas: - The self is a combination of body and soul, with happiness found through God alone. Virtue requires loving others. - Aquinas proclaimed reason as supreme and identified truths known through reason and divine revelation. For modern philosophers like Descartes, Locke, and Kant: - The mind and body make up the self, with the mind as the seat of consciousness. For Descartes, "I think, therefore I am." For Locke, humans are born a blank slate. For Kant, we have duties defined by the Categorical Imperative.

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    module 1 lesson 2& 3

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    The document discusses medieval and modern/contemporary philosophical perspectives on the self. For medieval philosophers like Augustine and Aquinas: - The self is a combination of body and soul, with happiness found through God alone. Virtue requires loving others. - Aquinas proclaimed reason as supreme and identified truths known through reason and divine revelation. For modern philosophers like Descartes, Locke, and Kant: - The mind and body make up the self, with the mind as the seat of consciousness. For Descartes, "I think, therefore I am." For Locke, humans are born a blank slate. For Kant, we have duties defined by the Categorical Imperative.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    60 views12 pages

    Module 1 Lesson 2& 3

    Uploaded by

    Shifra Jane Piquero
    The document discusses medieval and modern/contemporary philosophical perspectives on the self. For medieval philosophers like Augustine and Aquinas: - The self is a combination of body and soul, with happiness found through God alone. Virtue requires loving others. - Aquinas proclaimed reason as supreme and identified truths known through reason and divine revelation. For modern philosophers like Descartes, Locke, and Kant: - The mind and body make up the self, with the mind as the seat of consciousness. For Descartes, "I think, therefore I am." For Locke, humans are born a blank slate. For Kant, we have duties defined by the Categorical Imperative.

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    You are on page 1of 12

    LESSON 2- The

    PHILOSOPHICAL
    perspective of self
    according to MEDIEVAL
    PHILOSOPHERS

    ST. AUGUSTINE AND ST. THOMAS AQUINAS


    ST. AUGUSTINE
    ( 354-430 A.D)
    he combined Greek philosophy and truths contained
    in the Scriptures.

    the self is made up of body and soul.


    "a soul in possession of a body" which does not
    constitute 2 person but 1 man.

    HAPPINES is the end-all and be-all of human living


    and this hapiness can be found in GOD alone.

    "You have made our hearts for Thee, O god and so


    they will find restr only in thee".
    ST. AUGUSTINE
    ( 354-430 A.D)
    VIRTUE is " the order of love". to love GOd means
    necessary to love one's fellowmen.

    "Never to do any harm to another as you would


    not want others do unto you" - Aristotle Golder
    MEan.

    He taught against HEDONISM.


    Man craves for something perfect, immutable and
    enduring. Possession of the goods ofthis world such
    as health, beauty, power, honor, fame, can never
    give to a human person what he or she is truly
    looking for , as these goods are finite, unstable
    and ephemeral.
    HE PROCLAIMED THE
    SUPREMACY OF REASON IN
    A HUMAN PERSON.

    THERE 2 TRUTHS

    KNOWN FOR REASON


    KNOWN FOR DIVINE REVELATION
    ST. THOMAS AQUINAS ( 1225-
    1274) "GOD "WHO IS THE ONLY TRUTH ITSELF

    ST. THOMAS AQUINAS ( 1225-


    1274)
    LESSON 2- The
    PHILOSOPHICAL perspective of
    self according to MODERN AND
    CONTEMPORARY
    PHILOSOPHERS

    DESCARTES JOHN LOCKE IMMANUEL KANT


    MAURICE MERLEAU
    PONTY
    GILBERT RYLE
    SELF is made up of mind and body.
    where MIND is a seat of conciousness and

    BODY ( includes human senses) it is unreliable and


    shoud not be trusted.

    " I think, therefore , I am"


    HUMAN AT BIRTH IS A TABULA RASA


    MEANS " BLANK SLATE" .

    THE MIND IS EMPTY AT BIRTH.


    WITHOUT RULES FOR PROCESSING
    DATA AND THE DATA IS "BLANK".

    impressions during infancy have very important and lasting


    consequences.

    "associations of ideas" that individuals make when young are more


    important than those made later because
    they are the foundation of the self.

    " God created man and we are, in effect , GOD's property".


    HUMAN person has an inner and


    an outer SELF which, together , form
    his/her CONCIOUSNESS.

    INNER SELF
    physiological state and rational intellect

    OUTER SELF
    senses and physical world
    SELF as prone to corruption. LIFE is a constant
    struggle between beauty and pleasure, between
    the inner self and outer self.
    kantian Categorical imperative
    " Act only according to that
    maxim by which
    you can at the same time
    will that it should
    become a natural law."

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