Priscilla Researchssss

CENTRAL PHILIPPINES STATE UNIVERSITY
Victorias City, Negros Occidental
The Pros and Cons of Educational Technology as tools for enhancing learning
abilities among College student
INTRODUCTION
Background of the Study
Technology has originally come from the Greek word technogia. The word
techno logia became technology and it comes into existence. The word was used
in the seventeenth century for the first time. Many people think that the word
technology only means that the mobile, internet computer, laptop etc. (Baytak et.
al., 2014)According to Bull and Ma (2013), technology provides offers unlimited
resources to language learners. Harmer (2013) and Genç lter (2015) emphasized
and teachers should encourage learners to find appropriate activities through using
computer technology in order to be successful in language learning. Clements and
Sarama (2013) declare that the use of suitable technological materials can be useful
for learners. According to Harmer (2016), using computer-based language activities
improve cooperative learning in learners. Furthermore, Tomlison (20013) and Genç
lter (2015) say that computer-based activities provide learners rapid information
and appropriate materials. They continue that internet materials motivate learners
to learn more. In addition, Larsen- Freeman and Anderson (2011) supported the view
that technology provides teaching resources and brings learning experience to the
Doc Control Code: CPSU-F-VPRE-02 Effective

Page 1 Date:09/12/2018 Page No.: 1 of 2
learners’ world. Through using technology, many authentic materials can be
provided to learners and they can be motivated in learning language.
Technology has always been an important part of teaching and learning
environment. It is an essential part of the teachers’ profession through which they
can use it to facilitate learners’ learning. That is to say, technology becomes an
integral part of the learning experience and a significant issue for teachers, from the
beginning of preparing learning experiences through to teaching and learning process
(Eady & Lockyer, 2013). Solanki and Shyamlee1 (2012) and Pourhosein Gilakjani
(2017) supported the view that language teaching method has been changed due to
technology. The researchers continued that the application of technology helps
learners learn on the basis of their interests. It also satisfies both visual and auditory
senses of the learners. According to Lam and Lawrence (2002) and Pourhosein Gilakjani
(2017), technology assists learners in adjusting their own learning process and they can
have access to a lot of information that their teachers are not able to provide. According
to Pourhosein Gilakjani (2013), the use of technologies has the great potential to change
the existing language teaching methods. Pourhosein Gilakjani and Sabouri (2014)When
we talk about technology in teaching and learning, the word ‘integration’ is used. With
technology being part of our everyday lives, it is time to rethink the idea of integrating
technology into the curriculum and aim to embed technology into teaching to support the
learning process.

In today’s schools and classrooms learning with technology is of utmost
importance. The worldwide educational systems, researchers, parents, governments,
leaders, and teachers considered the technology to be a dire need of the
child’s .Technology is an effective tool for learners. Learners must use technology as a
significant part of their learning process. Teachers should model the use of technology to
support the curriculum so that learners can increase the true use of technology in learning
their language skills (Costley, 2014; Murphy, DePasquale, & McNamara, 2003).
Learners’ cooperation can be increased through technology. Cooperation is one of the
important tools for learning. Learners cooperatively work together to create tasks and
learn from each other through reading their peers’ work (Keser, Huseyin, &
Ozdamli, 2011 ) In today's society, there is a strong rationale for making technological
literacy, the ability to understand and use technology, a national priority. Technology
may beviewed as the sum of man made means to satisfy human need sand desires and to
solve specific problems in a given situation (Oaks, Gantman, & Pedras, 2000).
Statement of the Problem
The study aim to determine what are the pros and cons of technology as tools
for enhancing learning abilities among college students.
1. How will be the respondents describe their socio demographic profile:
a. Sex
b. Age

c. Course
2. What are the effects and impacts of technology in education?
a. Effect of the amount and quality of digital technology use
b. Effects of specific digital tools and resource
3. Is there a significance relationship between socioeconomic status and effects of
educational technology for enhancing learning abilities?
Significance of the Study
Significant point of this study is to identify the pros and cons of educational
technology as tools for enhancing learning abilities of students .
This study investigates how technology enhance the learning abilities of
students . This study will be beneficial to the future students to identify the pros and cons
of technology to enhance learning abilities.
This study will also benefits teachers on how technology can affect their
teaching style.
To the future researchers , this study will help them to have an idea and
understanding about the advantages and disadvantages of technology for enhancing
learning ability among college students. In addition this study will be reference for their
expected study and guide them about their topics.
Scope of the Study
The study determines the pros and cons of of educational technology as tools for
enhancing learning abilities among college students , would involve an examination of

the use of technology , and education its benefits and limitations and the impact it has on
students learning outcomes.
The respondents of the study where the students of Cpsu Victorias Campus. This
study focused on how educational technology can affect the learning abilities of every
students and Cpsu Victorias. This utilized research made
survey questionnaire for the quantitative analysis of the pros and cons of educational
technology as tools for enhancing learning abilities among college students , it will help
generate future opportunities , to future researchers to answer the future questions about
related to this topic .
The finding of the study formulated ideas on how educational technology could help to
enhance the learning abilities of college students . Educational technology has become
increasingly prevalent in classrooms around the world, also it could serve as a basis for
developing new plan and projects that could answer the issue about technology of tools
for enhancing the learning abilities among college students .

R EVIEW RELATED LITERATURE
In this chapter, reviewing literature provides knowledge that is used in completion of
this study and know some perspective related to the use of technology as tools for
enhancing learning of students being studied.
Technology
Peregoy and Boyle (2012) carried a study on using technology in improving learners’
reading and writing skills. The results of this study indicated that technology tools
enhanced learners’ reading and writing skills because they are user-friendly, and
learners can learn at a faster and more effective way. The other finding of this study
was that learners learn more effectively when they use technology tools instead of
traditional teaching method because the Internet provided a favorable learning
environment for learners’ learning, facilitated a new platform for learners who can have
a convenient access to learning lessons.
Technology is a powerful contributor to learning if it is used to deepen students’
engagement in meaningful and intellectually authentic curriculum. Technology is a tool.

It should be selected when it is the best tool for students to learn. Technology can be a
particularly effective tool for English language learners and can enhance the participation
of children with disabilities. Children in elementary schools should begin to use familiar
technology tools as a part of their academic program. Teachers should model the use of
technology in support of the curriculum so that children can see the appropriate use of
technology and benefit from exposure to more advanced applications that they will use
independently when they are older (DePasquale, McNamara, & Murphy, 2003)
The internet is being used as a source for teaching material. Providing information and
communication technologies for teaching and learning will have some advantages. First,
the students will play a more active role, which will help them retain more information.
Next, follow-up discussions will contain more detail where students will become more
independent. Last, the students will easily process new student-based educational
material and their skills will increase (Tutkun, 2011)
Computer Use
Using computers and the internet has become an integral part of our daily lives.
Therefore, one of the greatest vehicles for the 21st century is using technology for
effective and permanent learning. The internet affects peoples’ lives by increasing
communication, expanding educational services, and increasing quality along with
personal interaction. More emphasis has been placed on seeking, evaluating, organizing
using and sharing information with others. The internet is the greatest source for

information and the best way to quickly share and exchange information with others, The
internet sharpens one’s ability to search and analyze information (Tutkun, 2011)
Güven and Sülün (2012) considered the effects of computer-enhanced teaching in
science and technology courses on the structure and properties of matter, such as the
periodical table, chemical bonding, and chemical reactions. Their proposition was that
computer-enhanced teaching can instil a greater sense of interest in scientific and
technological developments, make abstract concepts concrete through simulation and
modelling, and help to carry out some dangerous experiments in the classroom setting.
They found a significant difference in achievement tests between the mean scores of the
group of learners who were taught with the computer-enhanced teaching method and the
control group who were taught with traditional teaching methods
Effect of the amount and quality of digital technology use
The uses of digital technology and access to it appear to be critical factors. Lee et al
(2009) analyzed how in the US 15-16 year-old learners' school behaviour and
standardized test scores in literacy are related to computer use. Learners were asked how
many hours a day they typically used a computer for school work and for other activities.
The results indicated that the learners who used the computer for one hour a day for both
school work and other activities had significantly better reading test scores and more
positive teacher evaluations for their classroom behaviors than any other groups[5]. This
was found while controlling for socioeconomic status, which has been shown to be a
predictor of test scores in other research. The analysis used data from a national 2002

longitudinal study, and it is likely that learners' usage of computers has increased and
changed since that time.
Effects of specific digital tools and resources
Digital tools and resources generally have a positive effect on learners' science
learning. This can be seen from a number of studies assessing outcomes for learners in
different stages of education.Hung et al (2012) explored the effect of using multi-media
tools in science learning in an elementary school's science course in Taiwan. Learners
were asked to complete a digital storytelling project by taking pictures with digital
cameras, developing the story based on the pictures taken, producing a film based on the
pictures by adding subtitles and a background, and presenting the story. From the
experimental results, the authors found that this approach improved the learners'
motivation to learn science, their attitude, problem-solving capability and learning
achievements. In addition, interviews found that the learners in the experimental group
enjoyed the project-based learning activity and thought it helpful because of the digital
storytelling aspect.

The Benefits of Seminars to the Performance of Elementary Teachers in
Salvacion Elementary School
INTRODUCTION
Elementary teachers play a crucial role in shaping the academic and personal
development of young learners. To ensure that they are equipped with the necessary
knowledge and skills to carry out their responsibilities effectively, continuous
professional development is essential. One of the ways that elementary teachers can
enhance their professional skills and knowledge is through attending seminars.

Page 10Date:09/12/2018 Page No.: 10 of 2
In a study conducted by J. L. Miller and C. L. Jolly in 2017, it was found that
attending seminars had a significant positive impact on the performance of elementary
teachers. The study suggested that seminars provided teachers with new knowledge and
skills, which they could apply in their classrooms to enhance student learning outcomes.
A study by E. R. Alegre and A. C. Salonga in 2018 examined the effects of attending
seminars on the professional development and performance of elementary teachers in the
Philippines. The study found that attending seminars increased the teachers' confidence,
motivation, and job satisfaction, which in turn led to improved classroom performance
and student outcomes.
In 2019, R. D. Guevarra and E. B. Rivera conducted a study on the impact of
attending seminars on the teaching effectiveness of elementary teachers in rural areas of
the Philippines. The study found that attending seminars improved the teachers'
pedagogical knowledge, classroom management skills, and communication abilities,
resulting in better student engagement and academic performance. A study by C. C. Lim
and K. H. Chua in 2020 investigated the effects of attending seminars on the professional
growth and development of elementary teachers in Singapore. The study found that
attending seminars enhanced the teachers' understanding of new teaching methodologies,
assessment strategies, and curriculum design, which improved their ability to meet the
diverse needs of their students. In a study by M. A. Yusof and S. S. Ismail in 2021, the
authors examined the impact of attending seminars on the performance of

elementary teachers in Malaysia. The study found that attending seminars led to
improvements in teachers' pedagogical content knowledge, classroom management, and
student assessment practices, which resulted in higher student achievement levels.
This study aims to know the benefits of seminars to the performances of elementary
teachers in Salvacion Elementary school.
1. What is the level of the respondents in terms of;
a. age
b. sex
c. Educational attainment
d. length of service
2. What is the Benefits of attending Seminars on the performance of Elementary
teachers in their aspect of:
a. Knowledge and skills
b. Motivation to Teach
c. Strategies and Classroom Management skills
3. Are there any significant demographic or professional characteristics of elementary
teachers that influence the effectiveness of attending seminars in enhancing their
performance?

This study aims to investigate the benefits of seminars to the performance of
elementary teachers in Salvacion Elementary School.
Students. This study will help the students academic performance
Teachers. This study can encourage teachers to participate in more such programs and
develop their skill and knowledge, leading to improve teaching quality and job
satisfaction
Future Researchers. Future Researchers can cite this study as a reference and compare
its findings with other studies to identify trends, gaps, and areas for further research.
Scope of the Study
This study focus on the benefits of seminars to the performance of elementary teacher
in Salvacion Elementary School. This study conducted in salvacion elementary school.
The respondents of the study are the teachers of Salvacion Elementary School in the
school year 2023-2024. This study use survey questionnaire to investigate the potential
benefits of attending seminars for elementary teacher's performance.
Review of Related Literature
One study by M. E. Ramo and R. M. Gerdel (2015) found that seminars can improve
teachers' knowledge and skills, leading to increased student achievement. The study
surveyed 150 elementary teachers who participated in seminars and found that they felt
more confident and effective in their teaching after attending seminars. Similarly, a study
by K. S. Chua, S. M. Wong, and W. K. Looi (2017) found that seminars can improve

teachers' pedagogical practices and increase their motivation to teach. The study involved
300 elementary teachers who participated in seminars, and the results showed that the
teachers' teaching practices were more student-centered after attending seminars. Another
study by A. R. Awotunde and J. T. Akinpelu (2017) examined the impact of seminars on
the performance of elementary teachers in Nigeria. The study found that seminars can
improve teachers' knowledge and skills, leading to increased student achievement. The
study involved 150 elementary teachers who participated in seminars and found that the
teachers' performance improved significantly after attending seminars. In addition, a
study by M. A. Reyes and E. R. Natividad (2018) found that seminars can enhance
teachers' teaching strategies and classroom management skills. The study involved 50
elementary teachers who participated in seminars and found that they were able to apply
the strategies learned in the seminars effectively in their classrooms.
The Impact of Teacher Professional Development Programs on Student
Achievement: Evidence from a Randomized Experiment in Indonesia" by Ariane
Willems and Menno Pradhan (2018). This study examines the impact of teacher
professional development programs on student achievement in Indonesia and finds that
participation in professional development activities, including seminars, significantly
improves student learning outcomes.

The extent of challenges encountered by older generations in computer-based
education
INTRODUCTION

The increasing prevalence of computer-based education has created new
opportunities for learning, but but it has also presented challenges for older generations
who may not be as familiar with technology. These challenges can include difficulties
with navigating software, understanding computer terminology, and accessing online
resources. Older learners may also experience physical challenges, which can further
complicate their use of technology for education. Evidence shows that older adults are
still more likely to use the same internet more 'narrowly' than younger generations, with
older adults predominantly using the internet for information finding or sending emails
( Office for National Statistics, 2018 ). As technology continues to advance, the use of
computers and other digital devices is becoming increasingly common in education and
other aspects of daily life. Particularly for older adults, self-stereotyping may become
self-fulfilling prophecy which can have an impact on internet use ( Pennington et al.,
2016 ). However, many older individuals may not have had the opportunity to learn how
to use these devices, which can create barriers to their participation in computer-based
education. The older adult with more severe physical disabilities, which required them to
access help for performing activities of daily living or mobility outside the home, used
technology for communication at a significantly lower rate. The study of the challenges
faced by older generations in computer-based education aims to identify these barriers
and develop strategies to overcome them. Physically factors, such as dexterity or eyesight
problem, can also overall specially when using smaller tablets or mobile phones ( Neves
et al., 2013; Olphet & Damodavan, 2013 ). The challenges that have been identified

include age related declines in cognitive function, physical limitations that make it
difficult to use digital devices, and lack of familiarity with technology. This field use
variety of methods to study these challenges, including surveys, interviews, and
observational studies. They may also develop and test new educational programs and
tools designed specifically to help older individuals learn how to use computers and other
digital devise more effectively. The purpose of this research is to examine the extent of
challenges encountered by older generations in computer-based education at Central
Philippine State University-Victorias Campus.
This study is aim to determine of how the extent of challenges encountered by the older
generations in computer-based education?
Specifically, this study seeks to answer the following questions:
1. What is the level of the respondents in terms of
a. age
a. sex
b. grade level
2. What is the factors of the challenges encountered by older generations in computer-
based education?
3. Is their a significant in terms of challenges encountered by older generations in
computer-based education?

Students. This study will help to understand the specific challenges faced by older
learners, students can develop strategies to help them overcome these learners and
achieve better learning outcomes.
Parents. This study, parents can improved communication with children to become
more familiar with digital technology and use it more frequently.
Teachers. This study can provide enhanced professional development, that teachers
who are more familiar with digital technology and the challenges faced by older learners
can develop new skills and knowledge that can be useful in their professional
development.
Future Researchers. This study help future researchers by studying the challenges faced
by older learners in computer-based education, they can identify gaps in existing research
and areas where further study is needed. This can help to guide future research efforts and
ensure that resources are directed to areas where they will have the most impact.
Scope of the Study
The respondent of this study are the students of Central Philippine State University of
Victorias City under of Education Department. This study focused on how the extent of
challenges encountered by older generations in computer-based education.
The study may aim to understand how students typically involve examining the various
obstacles and difficulties faced by older learners when using digital technologies and
online learning platforms.

The study may might include factors such as age-related declines in cognitive function,
physical impairments that affect computer use ( such as vision or motor impairments ),
lack of familiarity with digital tools and technology, or other cultural or social barriers to
participation in computer-based education.
The study aims to shed light on the extent of challenges encountered by older
generations in computer-based education to target population of older learners and the
particular contexts in which they are engaging with computer-based education.
Review of Related Literature

Age-related physical limitations, such as poor eyesight or hearing, arthritis, and other
mobility issues, can make it difficult for older adults to use computers and related devices
effectively ( Czaja et al., 2013 ). Some older adults may experience cognitive declines,
including memory and attention problems, that can make it challenging to learn and
retain new information in computer-based educational programs ( Czaja et al., 2013 ).
The instructional design of computer-based educational programs may not be suitable
for older learners, particularly if it does not take into account their unique learning needs
and preferences ( Czaja et al., 2013 ). This particularly difficult for older adults who lack
experience with technology or who have physical, cognitive, or motivational limitations.
However, there is also evidence to suggest that with proper instructional design and
support, older adults can successfully engage with and benefit from computer-based
educational programs.
Older learners may have limited experience with technology and may struggle to
navigate new digital tools used in computer-based education. This lack of proficiency can
make it difficult for older learners to access and engage with course materials ( Czaja et
al., 2013 ). Age-related physical limitations such as poor eyesight, hearing loss, arthritis,
and mobility issues can make it challenging for older adults to use computers and related
devices effectively. For instance, small font sizes, low contrast text, and poor auditory
quality can be barriers to effective learning ( Morris et al., 2014 ).
Some older adults may experience cognitive declines such as memory loss, difficulty
with attention, and other cognitive impairments. These challenges can make it

challenging to learn and retain new information in computer-based educational programs
(Czaja et al., 2013).Older adults may have different learning preferences and motivations
for engaging with computer-based education. Some may lack the motivation to learn new
technology, while others may prefer a more traditional classroom setting (Morris et al.,
2014).
Older learners may experience social isolation due to a lack of opportunities for social
interaction in online courses. This isolation can negatively impact their motivation and
engagement in the course (Xie, Bugg, & Williams, 2017).The design of computer-based
educational programs may not be suited to the needs of older learners. Instructional
materials may be presented in a way that is confusing or difficult to navigate for older
adults. Additionally, the lack of feedback and support may be a barrier to learning (Czaja
et al., 2013).relate to technological proficiency, physical limitations, cognitive
challenges, motivation and learning preferences, social isolation, and instructional design.
These challenges highlight the importance of designing and developing computer-based
educational programs that are accessible and engaging for older adults.



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CENTRAL PHILIPPINES STATE UNIVERSITY

Victorias City, Negros Occidental

abilities among College student

Background of the Study

al., 2014)According to Bull and Ma (2013), technology provides offers unlimited

computer technology in order to be successful in language learning. Clements and

for learners. According to Harmer (2016), using computer-based language activities

improve cooperative learning in learners. Furthermore, Tomlison (20013) and Genç

Doc Control Code: CPSU-F-VPRE-02 Effective

learners’ world. Through using technology, many authentic materials can be

provided to learners and they can be motivated in learning language.

Technology has always been an important part of teaching and learning

environment. It is an essential part of the teachers’ profession through which they

can use it to facilitate learners’ learning. That is to say, technology becomes an

beginning of preparing learning experiences through to teaching and learning process

technology. The researchers continued that the application of technology helps

Doc Control Code: CPSU-F-VPRE-02 Effective

In today’s schools and classrooms learning with technology is of utmost

importance. The worldwide educational systems, researchers, parents, governments,

leaders, and teachers considered the technology to be a dire need of the

Learners’ cooperation can be increased through technology. Cooperation is one of the

Statement of the Problem

for enhancing learning abilities among college students.

1. How will be the respondents describe their socio demographic profile:

Doc Control Code: CPSU-F-VPRE-02 Effective

2. What are the effects and impacts of technology in education?

a. Effect of the amount and quality of digital technology use

b. Effects of specific digital tools and resource

3. Is there a significance relationship between socioeconomic status and effects of

educational technology for enhancing learning abilities?

Significance of the Study

technology as tools for enhancing learning abilities of students .

This study investigates how technology enhance the learning abilities of

of technology to enhance learning abilities.

understanding about the advantages and disadvantages of technology for enhancing

expected study and guide them about their topics.

Scope of the Study

enhancing learning abilities among college students , would involve an examination of

Doc Control Code: CPSU-F-VPRE-02 Effective

students learning outcomes.

students and Cpsu Victorias. This utilized research made

related to this topic .

for enhancing the learning abilities among college students .

Doc Control Code: CPSU-F-VPRE-02 Effective

R EVIEW RELATED LITERATURE

In this chapter, reviewing literature provides knowledge that is used in completion of

enhancing learning of students being studied.

traditional teaching method because the Internet provided a favorable learning

a convenient access to learning lessons.

Technology is a powerful contributor to learning if it is used to deepen students’

engagement in meaningful and intellectually authentic curriculum. Technology is a tool.

Doc Control Code: CPSU-F-VPRE-02 Effective

material and their skills will increase (Tutkun, 2011)

communication, expanding educational services, and increasing quality along with

Doc Control Code: CPSU-F-VPRE-02 Effective

Güven and Sülün (2012) considered the effects of computer-enhanced teaching in

computer-enhanced teaching can instil a greater sense of interest in scientific and

technological developments, make abstract concepts concrete through simulation and

control group who were taught with traditional teaching methods