College of economics and political science

introduction to management information system

INFS2421

The impact of robotics on employment

Name: ID:
Miysam Hakim Al Balushi 129880
Isra Al Habsi 126238
Marwa Al Habsi 126729
Razan Al Raisi 126703

Submitted to Dr. Aqdas Malik

Date: 29/4/2021

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 Table of contents
- The content The page
- Cover page 1
- table of contents 2
- summary 3
- introduction 3
- overview of the issue and technology 3-4
- positive 4
- Negative 5-6
- Local impact 6
- Global impact 6-7
- Opinion and views of different people about the 7-8
issue and technology
- conclusion 8
- references 9

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Executive summary

Many countries are using the robotics to do the difficult work that the human cannot do in specific time
to have effective and efficient result. In this report the relationship between the robotics and the
employment are examined by doing some researchers and interviewing related people to comment on
our questions. The report has examined the positive and the negative impact and we have extended our
research to the local and global impact of the relationship between robotics and employment.
meaningful results have been found in their local and global impacts.

Introduction

In the last couple of centuries, the development in the technology was massive. However, people's
life become easier than the past. Nowadays people with just one click can do difficult things effortlessly.
Researchers start to find new ways to get the work done efficiently. Furthermore, the new concept of
robotics has exposed to the world and it helped to lift the economy. At this stage it is vital to find out the
possible limitations of the robotics to benefit, establish and develop the positive side of the robotics and
study the negative side and mitigate them. (Qureshi & Syed, 2014). In this report we will examine the
impact of robotics on the employment are they improving work productivity or stealing jobs. We have
done additional research on the topic and interviewed relevant people who have given us valuable
information that we're going to highlight in this report

Overview of the issue and technology

Robotics is the study of the design, development, and use of machines to perform tasks that were
before done by humans. Moreover, robots are commonly used in industries such as car manufacturing to
perform basic repetitive activities, as well as in industries where workers must work in dangerous
environments. Therefore, artificial intelligence is used in many fields of robotics; robots can be fitted
with the alike of human senses such as vision, touch, and the ability to sense temperature. Some can also
make basic decisions. (“robotics | Definition, Applications, & Facts | Britannica,” 2021). Accordingly,
the robotics has several impacts on the employment of the people. furthermore, it has somehow have
Increased the work efficiency, improved safety in workplace and created new jobs but it is also having
Enhanced risk of data branch and other cybersecurity issues also it reduces the flexibility in addition to
that it has reduces many job opportunity and people are losing their jobs. Besides that, organizations
have faced problems with the increasing labor costs and shortage of the workers, so they have invested

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in the robotics because there are able to work around the clock and they can do most tasks that the
human cannot do in the utmost challenging work area. (Qureshi & Syed, 2014)

Positive

- Increase efficiency:

Robots have sensors that enable them to see their surroundings. Robots help a manufacturing process to
be more efficiency and they can manufacture in all field. Therefore, the manufactures increase its
efficiency with robots by several ways. First, the Robots can produce higher volumes of products in a
short time. In addition, Robots are more flexible than humans because it is easy to program changes to
the automated program, so this eliminates the need for employees training. Second, Robots are
characterized by precision work because they reduce the human error, and they able to identify potential
problems before they happen. Third, Robots are decreased downtime, but there are only maintenance
pauses. Overall, all these ways caused increased in production and ensure the manufactures will remain
competitive in the market.

- Improved safety:

Nowadays, robots can give us a chance to avoid hazardous environments in workplace to improve health
and safety of people. For example, first, Robots are the best choice for working in warehouse because
they can reach the higher items without the need for workers to operate aerial lift equipment, and thus
help to reduce the risk of workers failing from heights. Second, there are some dangerous jobs that cause
death the workers and severe injuries, such as logging and construction. Therefore, Robots are the best
solution to accomplish these jobs without risking workers’ lives. Ultimately, the Robots have an
important role to play maintaining the health and safety of humans.

- Create new jobs:

In the past decades, there was no jobs opportunity in the programming, designing electronic games, etc.
Whereas in these when Robots appeared, a lot of jobs are created, so people were hired to maintenance
robots and work on analyzing the data which the robots produced. In addition, there are a lot of jobs
related to robots, such as programmer, Robotic Technician, work cell champion, tooling engineer, and
controls engineer. Finally, the Robots create more jobs than they steal them.

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Negative

- Higher maintenance and installation costs:

Not at all like computerized and programming based robotization which might be arrangement with
negligible overhead, changing from a customary labor force to an automated one frequently involves
significant cost. While business and mechanical evaluation hardware will presumably fall in cost as it
turns out to be more ordinary, the complete costs expected to bring computerization into a workspace
keeps on making snags for more modest associations and those that have just restricted monetary assets.
Buy, establishment and long-haul upkeep costs are largely something that businesses and entrepreneurs
would do well to consider cautiously preceding putting resources into the assets expected to mechanize
even limited scope work process measures.

- Enhanced risk of data breach and other cybersecurity issues

Supplanting customary specialists with programming applications or hardware that might be gotten to
remotely may bring about an expanded danger of an information break. Improved mechanization isn't
without hazard and organizations that use keen gadgets and PC controlled hardware to oversee or play
out the heft of their tasks and work process can regularly turn into an intriguing objective. While new
advanced innovations that will actually want to address security concerns will keep on being created,
organizations that choose to robotize without tending to wellbeing concerns and the individuals who
neglect to focus on computerized security could be making an expensive stumble.

- Reduced flexibility

while an automated labor force may have immeasurably improved proficiency, upgraded efficiency isn't
without its expense. Robotized hardware is frequently exceptionally restricted regarding its extent of
utilization and organizations that need to rapidly react to changing conditions or new advancements may
end up in a tough spot. While representatives might have the option to move their concentration and
consideration without issue, a robotized work process cycle might be minimal in excess of an obligation
should change happen excessively fast.

- Loss of jobs and reduced opportunities

Loss of work openings because of inescapable computerization vows to make various possibly genuine
social issues. Self-driving vehicles are ready to dispose of endless situations inside only a couple years

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and that may end up being just the start. As innovation turns out to be further developed, the scope of
possible uses and jobs that robots will actually want to fill is simply expected to develop. Indeed, even
specific fields and callings like clinical diagnostics and surprisingly careful consideration suppliers may
not be protected from the impacts of far-reaching work environment mechanization.

- The future of workplace automation

New innovations consistently can possibly roll out enduring improvements to a general public. While
independent vehicles are now ready to change various businesses, cutting edge robots may make a much
greater effect on fields like medical services where they offer various key benefits over their human
partners. Computerized care suppliers can decrease or even dispose of cases of negligence and robots
have no need progressing preparing like CPR

Local impact:

Robotics impact strongly on local employment in many countries that called automation countries,
which sequences are Singapore, South Korea, Japan, Germany, Sweden, Denmark, Hong Kong, Chinese
Taipei, USA, Belgium, and Luxemburg. (The World´s Top 10 automated countries, 2021). In these
countries, Robots are affecting types of jobs, so they offer opportunities to increase in digital disciplines
and artificial intelligence. Moreover, Robots will increase industrial jobs in the country from what
increase their productivity of goods or products and thus increase the salaries of technical employees.
On the contrary, manual labor decreased, which led to a decrease in wages and increase unemployed
who have not technical experience and knowledge about robotics. In addition, Robots reduce the burden
on employees in tough tasks, which increase their productivity and efficiency due to their focus on
mental work. On the other hand, Robotics affect workers coming from poor countries because the robots
reduce jobs and wage, which increase unemployment and dispersal of people

Global impact:

It is undoubtedly true that robots are faster, more efficient, more agile, and more intelligent than human
workers, and they can only benefit humanity. They can completely eliminate a lot of harsh, unhealthy, or
dangerous tasks in manufacturing and this is definitely a positive thing of robots. Robots are changing
the world by assisting people with improving (more noteworthy proficiency) and doing things that were
unrealistic previously. Robots work with calamity reaction, expand actual capacities, serve in regions
where connection with individuals is required, and empower investigation past the limits of Earth.

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Furthermore, robots will increase work efficiency and productivity. Basically, on the grounds that they
are more exact and flexible than human laborers. In outcome, there is a lower disappointment rate,
builds the creation and net revenue related to its speed. Moreover, people or organizations will be saving
more money, supplanting manual specialists with a robotized framework is useful it could be said where
an entrepreneur can build work profitability. Despite the responsibility, these robots can do assignments
unequivocally. In contrast to human specialists, robots work whenever anyplace. To add on, an
organization proprietor can likewise diminish the responsibility cost by staying away from the danger of
wounds through the supplanting of human with robots. On the other hand, the biggest lose in every
country will be the loss of jobs, people will be jobless. People can't rival a robot that can work all day,
every day without committing any errors. That reality can compel individuals out of tasks they've
finished their whole lives. Moreover, in all around the world and in every robot that organizations will
be using, they will need constant power for the robots, because robots need heaps of power to run.

In conclusion, robots increase productivity but at the same time they destroy jobs, and they reduce labor
demand.

Opinions and views of different people about the issue and technology

We interviewed three different people with different positions. Those people are Hanan Alhabsi who is
ICV manager in Gulfar company, Dr.Hashil who is instructor in Sultan Qaboos University and Amani
who is a student in Sultan Qaboos University. First, I asked both Amani and Dr. Hashil about their
views in the statement that said the whether the robots are opportunity of steeling jobs or increase the
productivity for the companies. Dr. Hashil said the robots has great potential because new technologies
will open doors for other companies to try something new. He followed his responding with the example
of oil and gas companies who used robots to search for oil and gas in deep water so, he thought that
robots can increase the productivity for the companies. Amani answer this question by saying that robots
will solve the unemployment issue because this new technology need to have someone to guide it and to
fix it. In addition, I asked Hanan if she agree to replace humans to robots because of current situation of
COVID-19 and she answered that it is very difficult to use this new technology because will reduce the
number of workers and this will not match what we are running for in Gulfar. Moreover, I asked both dr.
Hashil and Hanan about the challenges of using robots to achieve the company’s goals. Dr. Hashil said
that the biggest challenge is the lack of expertise, we still do not have people who are capable to use,
maintain, fix and to make robots. Also, he responded that some people would reject the idea of having

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something new and this which called fixed mindset, they will reject this new technology because they
worried about their business or they didn’t have enough knowledge about robots. Hanan said that, this
technology is too costly, it will cost more than the hiring new employees also, she said it is difficult to
ensure the quality of the output that will coming from the robots and this will cost the company itself.
Finally, I asked those questions for different people to know about their opinions and to know some
challenges of using this new method.

Conclusion

To summarize all the above information, we believe that while robotics has negative effects, it also has
positive effects that make them more efficient and effective machines for various reasons. This led us to
believe that robotics should be a part of our daily lives. To understand this, we have made another small
research about the medical reports that are making difference in the healthcare industry and we find out
that Engineers have good reasons to create surgical robots for use in healthcare. Robots, unlike humans,
are tireless, and their "hands" never quake. (“Application Deadline: Fall 2021,” 2021) As opposed to
conventional methods, surgeons who use the robotic system find that it improves accuracy, stability, and
control during the surgery. Surgeons may perform delicate and complicated operations using robotic
surgery that would be challenging or impossible with other techniques. (“Robotic surgery - Mayo
Clinic,” 2021). from this study we have decided that the robots are not actually stealing jobs they are
making new jobs for humans and they are improving job productively.

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References
1) The Negative Effects of Robots Entering the Workforce | IT Briefcase. (2015). IT Briefcase.
https://www.itbriefcase.net/the-negative-effects-of-robots-entering-the-workforce
2) IFR. (2020). Robot Race: The World´s Top 10 automated countries. IFR International Federation
of Robotics. https://ifr.org/ifr-press-releases/news/robot-race-the-worlds-top-10-automated-
countries
3) robotics | Definition, Applications, & Facts | Britannica. (2021). In Encyclopedia Britannica.
https://www.britannica.com/technology/robotics
4) Qureshi, M. O., & Syed, R. S. (2014). The Impact of Robotics on Employment and Motivation of
Employees in the Service Sector, with Special Reference to Health Care. Safety and Health at Work, 5(4),
198–202. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.shaw.2014.07.003
5) Application Deadline: Fall 2021. (2021). Retrieved April 26, 2021, from Case.edu website:
https://online-engineering.case.edu/blog/medical-robots-making-a-difference
6) Robotic surgery - Mayo Clinic. (2021). Retrieved April 26, 2021, from Mayoclinic.org website:
https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/robotic-surgery/about/pac-20394974
7) Hanan Al Habsi – ICV Manager of Gulfar Company-(2021) personal interview
8) Dr. Hashil – Instructor in SQU- (2021) personal interview
9) Amani -Student in SQU- (2021) personal interview

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