RADIOLOGICAL PHYSICS

Raphex
Index
2022
Diagnostic
COVERING THE FOLLOWING PAST EXAMS:
RADIOLOGICAL PHYSICS
2018
R A DIOLOGIC A L PHYSIC S R A DIOLOGIC A L PHYSIC S
Raphex Raphex Raphex
diagnostic

2019 2020
examination

RADIOLOGICAL PHYSICS

DIAGNOSTIC DIAGNOSTIC R A PH E X 2 0 21
Examination Examination DIAGNOSTIC
Pat Zanzonico, Ph.D., Diagnostic Editor
Cheng-Shie Wuu, Ph.D., Chief Editor
Pat Zanzonico, Ph.D., Diagnostic Editor
Cheng-Shie Wuu, Ph.D., Chief Editor EXAMINATION
Pat Zanzonico, Ph.D., Diagnostic Editor
Pat Zanzonico, Ph.D., Diagnostic Editor PUBLISHED FOR: PUBLISHED FOR:
Cheng-Shie Wuu, Ph.D., Chief Editor
Cheng-Shie Wuu, Ph.D., Chief Editor
RAMPS RAMPS Published for: RAMPS
PUBLISHED FOR: (Radiological and Medical Physics Society of New York) (Radiological and Medical Physics Society of New York) (Radiological and Medical Physics Society of New York)
RAMPS (Radiological and Medical Physics Society of New York)

PUBLISHED FOR:
RAMPS
Radiological and Medical Physics Society of New York
 2022 DIAGNOSTIC SUBJECT INDEX
Covering Years 2018–2021
This subject index for the Raphex Diagnostic Examination booklets
is arranged by year and question number (D1–D136).

1. STRUCTURE OF THE ATOM 7. BASIC IMAGING SCIENCE 9. RADIATION PROTECTION

A. Composition C. Electron AND TECHNOLOGY AND ASSOCIATED
no questions Transitions A. Basic Units, B. Image REGULATIONS
B. Electronic 2019 D5 Statistics Properties
Structure 2021 D31 A. Sources of G. Advisory Bodies
2018 D25, D26, 2018 D31, D54 Radiation 2018 D99, D110
no questions D. Nuclear D27, D28, 2019 D46, D104 (Background, 2019 D45
Structure D29, D40, 2020 D123, D125 H. Regulatory
2018 D24 D41, D42, C. Image Medical,
2020 D5 D43, D80 Non-medical) Agencies
Representations 2018 D74, D122 2018 D37, D78,
2019 D54, D55, and Temporal
D56, D57, 2020 D105, D112 D103, D118
Resolution 2021 D110 2019 D35, D88
D58, D106, no questions
D107, D108 B. Persons at Risk 2021 D116, D120
2. ELECTROMAGNETIC (EM) 2020 D39, D40, D. Image and Dose Limits I. Radiation Safety
RADIATION D85, D86, Processing 2018 D116, D121 in the Use of
D87, D88, 2018 D53 2019 D44, D75, Radioactive
A. Wave–Particle B. Electromag- D89 2019 D31 D86 Materials
Duality netic Spectrum 2021 D47, D76, E. Display 2020 D103, D109, 2018 D108
no questions no questions D77, D78, Characteristics D111, D128 2019 D85
D79, D80 and Viewing 2021 D26, D107, 2021 D51
Conditions D117, D123 J. Estimating
2018 D79 C. Personnel Patient,
Dosimetry Pediatric, and
3. PARTICULATE RADIATION 2018 D101, D111, Fetal Dose
A. Light Particles C. Heavy Charged D115 (Procedure-
no questions Particles 2019 D77, D134 specific Doses)
B. Uncharged no questions
8. RADIOBIOLOGY 2021 D129 2018 D18, D39,
Particles A. Principles of E. Deterministic D. Radiation D124
no questions Radiation (Non-stochastic) Detectors 2020 D108
no questions 2021 D130
Biology Effects E. Principles of
2018 D114, D127 2020 D101 K. Shielding
B. Molecular 2021 D71, D126 Radiation 2018 D30, D109,
Effects of F. Radiation Detection D117, D123
4. INTERACTIONS OF IONIZING Syndromes no questions 2019 D66, D83,
Radiation
RADIATION WITH MATTER 2018 D100, D104 no questions F. Factors D87
Affecting 2020 D102, D113,
A. Charged B. Photon 2019 D76 G. Probabilistic D116, D117
2020 D118, D121 (Stochastic) Patient Dose
Particle Interactions in Imaging 2021 D96
Interactions 2018 D2, D11, D12 C. Cellular Effects Radiation L. Radiological
2021 D12 of Radiation Effects Procedures
2018 D5 2021 D14, D16 Emergencies
C. Photon 2018 D106, D107, no questions 2018 D128
Attenuation D126 H. Radiation Risk
no questions 2019 D74, D133, 2018 D97, D98,
D135 D102, D112,
2020 D106, D119 D113
2021 D115, D125
D. System Effects
2019 D84
2020 D104, D107
10. X-RAY PROJECTION IMAGING
5. RADIATION UNITS of Radiation 2021 D98 CONCEPTS AND DETECTORS
2020 D120 I. Dose–Response A. Radiography E. Direct Digital
A. System of Units C. Importance in 2021 D127 Models
2019 D3 Radiation Concepts Radiography
2018 D120 2018 D45, D67 (DR)
B. Exposure, Protection 2019 D78, D79, 2020 D6, D7 2018 D68
Kerma, no questions D80 2021 D32 2020 D100
Absorbed Dose, D. Peak Skin Dose 2021 D124, D128 B. Radiographic F. Indirect Digital
Equivalent no questions Detectors Radiography
Dose, Effective 2018 D46 (DR)
Dose 2019 D32 no questions
2019 D1, D27 C. Intensifying G. Digital Imaging
2020 D3 Screen and Film
2021 D3, D8, D11 and PACS
no questions no questions
D. Computed
Radiography
(CR)
6. X-RAY PRODUCTION 2019 D37
A. Properties of C. Generators
the X-ray 2021 D9
Spectrum D. X-ray Beam
2019 D7, D10, D30 Modifiers
2020 D10, D34, 2018 D130
D35, D36 2019 D8, D12,
2021 D5, D7, D10, D28, D36
D13, D20
B. X-ray Tube
2019 D6, D9, D19
2021 D6, D15
11. GENERAL RADIOGRAPHY 14. CT 16. MRI
A. X-ray System E. Application A. System G. Artifacts Image A. Fundamental D. MRI
Components Requirements Components Processing and Magnetic Instrumentation
2018 D69, D132 no questions 2018 D32 Display Properties and 2018 D34
2020 D8, D9, D12, F. Dosimetry 2019 D49, D97, 2018 D73 Physics 2019 D110
D15, D24, 2018 D6, D14, D98 2019 D52 2018 D17 2020 D70, D80
D63 D70, D136 2020 D13, D32 2021 D111 B. Basic Magnetic 2021 D66
2021 D95 2019 D82 2021 D100 H. Clinical Resonance E. Additional
B. Geometrical 2020 D16, D38 B. System Application and Imaging Acquisition
Requirements 2021 D86 Geometry Protocols 2018 D1, D33, Techniques
2018 D20, D47 G. Quality Control no questions D52, D63, 2018 D16, D62
no questions
C. Acquisition (QC) Tests and C. Parameters I. Dose and D65, D66 2019 D117
System Types Frequencies for Image Dosimetry 2019 D18, D42, 2020 D65, D68,
2019 D69 2021 D25 Acquisition D43, D111, D72
2020 D52 2018 D75 2021 D54
2019 D38 2019 D39, D48, D112, D115,
2021 D46, D84 2020 D25, D83 D116 F. Artifacts
D102
D. Image 2021 D93 2020 D84, D115 2020 D64, D67, 2019 D118
Characteristics D. Image D69, D71, 2021 D56, D60
2021 D75, D99,
2018 D48 Formation D101 D93, D94 G. Safety and
2019 D96 2019 D50, D51 J. Technique 2021 D55, D57, Bioeffects
2021 D33 D58, D59, 2020 D66
2020 D27, D28 Optimization D62, D64, 2021 D61
2021 D24, D109 and Factors D65, D67
E. Modes of Affecting C. Contrast
Operation Patient Dose Mechanisms
12. MAMMOGRAPHY 2018 D15 2020 D17 and Contrast
2019 D17, D103 2021 D70
A. Clinical E. Artifacts 2021 D21 Agents
Importance no questions F. Image Contrast, 2018 D64, D86
no questions F. Radiation Dose Detail, and 2019 D113, D114,
B. Mammography 2018 D21, D49 D119
Noise 2021 D63
Equipment 2019 D100 2018 D50
2018 D72 2020 D33 2019 D47, D53
2019 D13, D14, G. Viewing Images 2020 D26, D122
D67, D68 2019 D71 2021 D94, D97
2020 D14, D18, H. Quality Control 17. NUCLEAR MEDICINE
D19, D129 2018 D84
2021 D17, D118 2019 D70, D99 A. Radioactivity: I. Clinical Imaging
C. Geometry 2020 D20 Definition, 2018 D61
no questions 2021 D18, D104, 15. ULTRASOUND Units, Decay 2019 D21
D. Acquisition D105 2020 D41, D81,
A. Basic Physics of D. Image Equation, Half-
Systems life D82
2018 D71 Ultrasound Resolution 2021 D72, D73,
2018 D4, D89, Measures 2018 D7, D19,
2020 D124 D23, D35, D74, D121
2021 D82, D103 D93, D95, 2018 D51, D90, J. SPECT Imaging
D96 D91, D92 D129
2019 D11, D20 2018 D10, D58,
2019 D15, D16, 2019 D128 D59
D40, D105, E. Doppler 2020 D44, D62,
D130 2020 D78
D120, D122, Ultrasound 2021 D48
2021 D122
13. FLUOROSCOPY AND D125, D127, Measurements B. Nuclear K. PET Imaging
D129
INTERVENTIONAL IMAGING 2020 D53, D57, and Flow Transformation 2018 D9, D57, D60
Imaging 2018 D22, D36, 2019 D95
A. System F. Image D58, D60, 2020 D51, D77,
D90, D95 2018 D44 D131
Components Processing 2019 D126, D132 2019 D2, D4 D126
2018 D135 no questions 2021 D42, D43, 2021 D45, D89,
D53, D81, 2020 D54, D92 2020 D1, D2, D4
2019 D26, D29, G. Applications D87, D114, 2021 D52, D83 2021 D1, D2, D4 D119
D65 2018 D76 F. Artifacts L. Fusion Imaging:
2020 D30 D131 C. Radioactive
H. Dose and B. Transducer 2018 D82, D83, Equilibrium PET/CT,
2021 D28, D29 Dosimetry D94 SPECT/CT
B. Geometry Fundamentals no questions
2018 D3, D38, 2018 D77 2020 D55 2021 D69
2020 D22, D37 D85, D105, 2021 D112 D. Radioisotope M. Nuclear
2021 D27 C. Beam-forming Production
D133, D134
2018 D87, D88 G. Safety and Medicine
C. Detector 2019 D24, D25, Bioeffects no questions
2019 D41, D121, E. Radionuclide Therapy
Systems D64 2018 D81 2019 D81
2019 D33 2020 D29, D79, D123, D124 Generators
2020 D59 2019 D130, D131 2020 D46, D47
2020 D21, D23 D98, D99 2020 D56 no questions 2021 D40, D41
2021 D19 2021 D30, D36, 2021 D113 F. Radiopharma- N. Safety: Patient,
D. Real-time D85, D106, ceuticals Staff, and Public
Imaging D108 2018 D13
I. Technique 2018 D56, D119,
Characteristics 2020 D49, D74 D125
2019 D62, D63 Optimization G. Radiation 2019 D90
2020 D31 and Factors Detection 2020 D48, D110,
2021 D37 Affecting Instrumenta- D114
E. Image Quality Patient Dose tion 2021 D38, D102
2018 D137 2019 D34, D59, 2018 D55 O. Training and
2019 D101 D60, D61 2019 D109 Experience for
2021 D23 2020 D127 2020 D45, D73 Authorized
2021 D22 2021 D49, D50, Users of
D68
Radioactive
H. Scintillation
Cameras Materials
no questions
2018 D8
2019 D22, D23, P. Radiation Doses
D72, D73, 2019 D89
D91, D92,
D93, D94
2020 D42, D43,
D50, D75,
D76, D96,
D97
2021 D34, D35,
D39, D44,
D88, D90,
D91, D92