(1) (x - 2) is a factor of the polynomial P(x) = x^3 - 3x^2 + 4. P(x) can be expressed as the product of linear factors. The solution to x^3 - 3x^2 + 4 ≤ 0 is obtained using this result.
(2) The probability that the vowels in the word "INTEGRAL" are in the same position when randomly arranged is 1/24. The probability the vowels are together is 3/24.
(3) The graphs of y = e^x and y = cos(x) are sketched from 0 to π/2. The exact area between the curves and x =
(1) (x - 2) is a factor of the polynomial P(x) = x^3 - 3x^2 + 4. P(x) can be expressed as the product of linear factors. The solution to x^3 - 3x^2 + 4 ≤ 0 is obtained using this result.
(2) The probability that the vowels in the word "INTEGRAL" are in the same position when randomly arranged is 1/24. The probability the vowels are together is 3/24.
(3) The graphs of y = e^x and y = cos(x) are sketched from 0 to π/2. The exact area between the curves and x =
(1) (x - 2) is a factor of the polynomial P(x) = x^3 - 3x^2 + 4. P(x) can be expressed as the product of linear factors. The solution to x^3 - 3x^2 + 4 ≤ 0 is obtained using this result.
(2) The probability that the vowels in the word "INTEGRAL" are in the same position when randomly arranged is 1/24. The probability the vowels are together is 3/24.
(3) The graphs of y = e^x and y = cos(x) are sketched from 0 to π/2. The exact area between the curves and x =
(1) (x - 2) is a factor of the polynomial P(x) = x^3 - 3x^2 + 4. P(x) can be expressed as the product of linear factors. The solution to x^3 - 3x^2 + 4 ≤ 0 is obtained using this result.
(2) The probability that the vowels in the word "INTEGRAL" are in the same position when randomly arranged is 1/24. The probability the vowels are together is 3/24.
(3) The graphs of y = e^x and y = cos(x) are sketched from 0 to π/2. The exact area between the curves and x =
Mathematics Extension 1 General Instructions • Reading time – 10 minutes • Working time – 2 hours • Write using a black/blue pen • Calculators approved by NESA may be used • Reference sheets are provided separately • For questions in Section II, show relevant mathematical reasoning and/or calculations • Write NESA student number on the question booklet and also on every answer booklet
Total marks: 70 SECTION I – 10 marks (pages 2 – 6)
• Attempt Questions 1 - 10 • Allow about 15 minutes for this section
SECTION II – 60 marks (pages 7 – 11)
• Attempt Questions 11 - 14 • Allow about 1 hour and 45 minutes for this section
10 15 15 15 15 70 100 SECTION I 10 marks Attempt Questions 1 – 10 Allow about 15 minutes for this section
Use the multiple-choice answer sheet for Questions 1 – 10
1. Which of the following set of numbers could be the roots of the polynomial equation
x 3 + kx 2 − 45x + 36 = 0?
A. 3, −12, 1
B. 6, − 6, 1
C. 4, −9, − 1
D. 18, −2, −1
2. Consider the following graphs y = f ( x ) and y = g ( x ) .
y y
y = f (x) y = g(x)
0 x 0 x
What could be the possible relationship between the two graphs?
A. g(x) = f (x)
B. g(x) = f ( x ) C. g(x) = f (x)
1 D. g(x) = f (x)
Page | 2 3. Three vectors a , b and c are shown in the following diagram. y
c a 0 x b
Which of the following diagrams best represents the vector c + 2b + 3a ?
A. B. y y
0 x 0 x c + 2b + 3a c + 2b + 3a
C. y y
c + 2b + 3a c + 2b + 3a
0 x 0 x
4 6 4. The exact value of ∫ 2 dx is 2 16 − x
A. π B. 2π C. 3π
π D. 3
Page | 3 12 4 5. What is the constant term in the binomial expansion 3x 2 − ? x 12 A. C8
12 B. − C 8 × 34 × 4 8
12 C. C 8 × 34 × 4 8
12 D. C 6 × 36 × 4 6
6. A projectile is fired from a point with initial velocity v m/s at an angle θ to the horizontal.
Its position vector after time t seconds is given by r ( t=
) ( 36t ) i + ( 50 + 48t − 5t 2 ) j . The initial velocity v and the angle of projection θ , respectively are:
4 A. = v 30 = and θ tan −1 3
4 B. = v 50 = and θ tan −1 3
3 C. = v 60 = and θ tan −1 4
4 D. = v 60 = and θ tan −1 3
1 7. A fancy solid is formed by rotating the = graph y cos −1 ( x − 1 ) about the y-axis. π Which of the following integral expressions will give the correct volume of the solid? π 2 A. π ∫ cos ( π y ) + 1 dy 0
1 2 B. π ∫ cos ( π y ) + 1 dy 0
1 C. π ∫ cos ( π y ) + 1 dy 0
1 D. π ∫ cos 2 ( π y ) + 1 dy 0
Page | 4 8. Consider the slope field below.
Which of the following differential equations is represented by the above slope field?
dy x A. = dx y
dy x−y B. = dx x+y
dy x+y C. = dx x−y
dy xy D. = dx x+y
−8 −1 9. What is the vector projection of a = onto b = ? −6 3
−1 A. −3
1 B. −3
8 C. −18
8 D. 6
Page | 5 10. A bag contains 10 red, 12 blue, 20 yellow and 24 green marbles. They are all identical except for their colour. What is the minimum number of marbles that must be picked at random to ensure that there 15 marbles of the same colour? A. 60 B. 50 C. 51 D. 61
End of Section I
Page | 6 Section II 60 marks Attempt Questions 11 – 14 Allow about 1 hour and 45 minutes for this section
Answer each question in a separate answer booklet.
For questions in Section II, your responses should include relevant mathematical reasoning and/or calculations.
Question 11 (15 marks)
a) i) Show that ( x − 2 ) is a factor of the polynomial P ( x ) =x 3 − 3x 2 + 4 . 1
ii) Hence, express P ( x ) as a product of linear factors. 2
iii) Using the result above, solve x 3 − 3x 2 + 4 ≤ 0 . 1
b) The letters of the word INTEGRAL are arranged in a line.
If one of these arrangements is selected at random, what is the probability that i) the vowels are in the same position? 1 ii) the vowels are together? 2
π c) Sketch the graphs of y = e x and y = cos x on the same set of axes for 0 ≤ x ≤ . 2 π i) Calculate the exact area bounded between the two curves and the line x = . 2 2 ii) Calculate the exact volume of the solid when this area is rotated about the 2 x − axis.
d) If f ( x ) = g ( x ) − ln g ( x ) + 1 4 g ( x )g '( x ) i) Show that f ' ( x ) = 1+ g(x) π 2 cos x sin x ii) Hence or otherwise evaluate ∫ 1 + sin x dx 0
Page | 7 Question 12 (15 marks)
dy a) Find the solution of the differential equation = 1 + 4 y 2 , given that y ( π ) = −1 . 2 dx
b) Using mathematical induction, prove that, for all positive integers n, 3
5 1 7 n+4 3 n+3 + + + ................ + = − 6 4 60 n ( n + 1 )( n + 2 ) 2 ( n + 1 )( n + 2 )
sin3x c) i) Show that tan2 x + tan x = 2 cos2 x cos x π ii) Hence solve the equation tan2 x + tan x = 0 for 0 < x < . 1 2
d) Express 7 sin x − 3cos x in the form R sin ( x − α ) , where R > 0 and 0° < α < 90° . 2
e) In ∆ OAB , the length of OB is twice the length of OA. E is the midpoint of OA.
D is a point on OB such that OD : DB = 2:3.
It is also given that AD is perpendicular to BE. Let OA = a and OB = b . A
D B
2 1 i) Show that DA= a − b and EB= b − a . 2 5 2 ii) Hence, by considering the dot product of DA and EB , or otherwise, 3 7 show that cos ∠ AOB = 8
Page | 8 Question 13 (15 marks)
1 a) Let f ( x ) = x − x 2 for x ≤ 1 2
This function has an inverse, f −1 ( x ) .
i) Sketch the graphs of y = f ( x ) and y = f −1 ( x ) on the same set of axes. 2
ii) Find an expression for f −1 ( x ) . 2
3 iii) Evaluate f −1 . 1 8
dy 3π b) Find y in terms of x if = ( 1 + y ) 2 tan2 x sec 2 x , given that when = x = , y 2. 3 dx 4
c) An aeroplane needs to fly due north from one city to another at a speed of 500 km/h. However, a strong wind blows constantly at 60 km/h from a direction S 30°W .
Assume that the aeroplane had to fly at v km/h to compensate for the wind. i) By drawing a vector diagram, find the value of v to the nearest km/h. 2 iii) Find, also, the true bearing, to the nearest whole number, at which 1 the aeroplane needs to fly.
u2 1 d) i) Show that 2 = 1− 1 1+u 1 + u2 x ii) Use the substitution u = x , to find ∫ 1+ x dx 3
Page | 9 Question 14 (15 marks)
a) During an army operations exercise, a surface to air missile is launched from
the point O in order to intercept a dummy bomb, which is released from a point D. The point D is 10000 m directly above O. y D Diagram not to scale 30° 300 m/s
10000 m
350 m/s
θ O x
The dummy bomb is released at an angle of 30° below the horizontal,
with the velocity of 300 m/s. The position vector of the dummy bomb at any time t is given by
rB = ( 150 ) ( ) 3 t i + 10000 − 150t − 5t 2 j (Do NOT prove this)
i) Calculate how long it would take the dummy bomb to reach the ground, 2 to the nearest second. ii) How far from O will the dummy bomb hit the ground? 1 Give the answer to the nearest metre. The missile is launched at the same time as the dummy bomb is released. It is launched with an initial velocity of 350 m/s at an angle of projection θ , above the horizontal. The position vector of the missile at any time t is given by
r M= ( 350 cos θ t ) i + ( 350 sin θ t − 5t 2 ) j
(Do NOT prove this) iii) Show that in order for the missile to intercept the dummy bomb, it must 3 3 be launched with an angle of projection θ = cos −1 1 7 iv) If the dummy bomb is intercepted, how high above the ground will that happen? 3 Give your answer to the nearest metre.
Page | 10 b) A big tank initially contains 400 litres of water and it has x 0 grams of chemical
already dissolved in it.
Pure water is added to the tank at the rate of 6 L/min. The mixture is stirred consistently for the concentration of the chemical to be uniform. However, the mixed solution is drained simultaneously at the rate of 8 L/min. through a hole at the bottom of the tank. Let x be the amount of chemical in the tank after t minutes. dx 4x i) Show that = − . 2 dt 200 − t ii) Find the general solution of the above differential equation. 2 iii) What fraction of the original amount of the chemical will still be in the tank 1 after 100 minutes?
c) By considering the expansion
( 1 + x ) 2n = 2n C 0 + 2n C 1 x + 2n C 2 x 2 + ............... + 2n C 2n x 2n , 3
2n prove that ∑ r ( r − 1 ) 2n C r =2n ( 2n − 1 ) 4 n−1 . r =2
Hou-Cheng Huang PHD, BSC, MSC, Asif S. Usmani PHD, BE, MS (Auth.) - Finite Element Analysis For Heat Transfer - Theory and Software-Springer-Verlag London (1994) PDF
Hou-Cheng Huang PHD, BSC, MSC, Asif S. Usmani PHD, BE, MS (Auth.) - Finite Element Analysis For Heat Transfer - Theory and Software-Springer-Verlag London (1994) PDF
