Anemia 1

IDENTIFICATION DATA
Name of the student : Amita gamit

Subject : Medical surgical of nursing
Topic :A
Time :45 min
Date :2/6/23
Vene : Hospital
Class :-
Av aids : ppt , White board
Method of teaching : Lecture cum discussion
GENERAL OBJECTIVE:
To give proper knowledge to student reagarding anemia and the teaching the group will be know about the prevention of
anemia
SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: At the end of teaching the group is able to explain the definition, causes, signs and symptoms,
prevention and management of anemia.
• Introduction of anemia
• Define the anemia
• Types of anemia
• List causes of anemia
• Identifying the sign and symptoms of anemia
• Discussion the effect of anemia
• Explain about the prevention of anemia
Sr. Time Objective Content Learining A.V. Aids evaluation
no teaching
activity
1. 5min The INTRODUCTION: Lecture
introduction Anemia is a problem of not having enough healthy cum
of anemia red blood cells or hemoglobin to carry oxygen to the discussion
body's tissues. Hemoglobin is a protein found in red
cells that carries oxygen from the lungs to all other
organs in the body. Having anemia can cause
tiredness, weakness and shortness of breath.
2. 5min The DEFINITION: Lecture

definition of Anemia is a condition that develops when your cum
the anemis blood produces a lower-than-normal amount of discussion
healthy red blood cells. If you have anemia, your
body does not get enough oxygen-rich blood. The
lack of oxygen can make you feel tired or weak.
3. 10min The types of TYPES OF ANEMIA:
anemia Different types of anemia include: Lecture Flash card What are
• Anemia due to vitamin B12 deficiency. cum type of
• Anemia due to folate (folic acid) deficiency. discussion anemia
• Anemia due to iron deficiency.
• Anemia of chronic disease.
• Hemolytic anemia.
• Idiopathic aplastic anemia.
• Megaloblastic anemia.
• Pernicious anemia.
4. 10min The causes CAUSES: Lecture Flash card What are
of anemia Although many parts of the body help make red cum the causes
blood cells, most of the work is done in the bone discussion of anemia
marrow. Bone marrow is the soft tissue in the center
of bones that helps form all blood cells.
Healthy red blood cells last between 90 and 120
days. Parts of your body then remove old blood cells.
A hormone called erythropoietin (epo) made in your
kidneys signals your bone marrow to make more red
blood cells.
Hemoglobin is the oxygen-carrying protein inside red
blood cells. It gives red blood cells their color. People
with anemia do not have enough hemoglobin.
The body needs certain vitamins, minerals, and
nutrients to make enough red blood cells. Iron,
vitamin B12, and folic acid are three of the most
important ones. The body may not have enough of
these nutrients due to:
• Changes in the lining of the stomach or
intestines that affect how well nutrients are
absorbed (for example, celiac disease)
• Poor diet
• Surgery that removes part of the stomach or
intestines
Possible causes of anemia include:
• Iron deficiency
• Vitamin B12 deficiency
• Folate deficiency
• Certain medicines
• Destruction of red blood cells earlier than
normal (which may be caused by immune
system problems)
• Long-term (chronic) diseases such as chronic
kidney disease, cancer, ulcerative colitis, or
rheumatoid arthritis
• Some forms of anemia, such as thalassemia or
sickle cell anemia, which can be inherited
• Pregnancy
• Problems with bone marrow such as
lymphoma, leukemia, myelodysplasia,
multiple myeloma, or aplastic anemia
• Slow blood loss (for example, from heavy
menstrual periods or stomach ulcers)
• Sudden heavy blood loss
Symptoms
You may have no symptoms if the anemia is mild or
if the problem develops slowly. Symptoms that may
occur first include:
• Feeling weak or tired more often than usual,
or with exercise
• Headaches
• Problems concentrating or thinking
• Irritability
• Loss of appetite
• Numbness and tingling of hands and feet
If the anemia gets worse, symptoms may include:
• Blue color to the whites of the eyes
• Brittle nails
• Desire to eat ice or other non-food things
(pica syndrome)
• Lightheadedness when you stand up
• Pale skin color
• Shortness of breath with mild activity or even
at rest
• Sore or inflamed tongue
• Mouth ulcers
• Abnormal or increased menstrual bleeding in
females
• Loss of sexual desire in men
5. 10min The PREVENTION : Lecture Flash card What is
prevention Treatment should be directed at the cause of the cum the
of anemia anemia, and may include: discussion prevention
• Blood transfusions of anemia
• Corticosteroids or other medicines that
suppress the immune system
• Erythropoietin, a medicine that helps your
bone marrow make more blood cells
• Supplements of iron, vitamin B12, folic acid, or
other vitamins and minerals
eat iron-rich foods, including lean red meats, fish
and poultry, legumes (e.g. lentils and beans),
fortified cereals and dark green leafy vegetables; eat
foods rich in vitamin C (such as fruits and vegetables)
which help the body absorb iron; and.
What foods prevent anemia?
Prevention
• Red meat, pork and poultry.
• Seafood.
• Beans.
• Dark green leafy vegetables, such as spinach.
• Dried fruit, such as raisins and apricots.
• Iron-fortified cereals, breads and pastas.
• Peas.
ron supplements can increase the iron in your body.
This may help treat iron-deficiency anemia. Iron
supplements are generally not given to people who
do not have iron-deficiency anemia because too
much iron can damage your organs. Vitamin B12
supplements or shots can help treat vitamin B12–
deficiency anemia.
CONCLUSION:
Iron deficiency anaemia is a significant public health
concern that can cause debilitating clinical
consequences across age groups, genders,
geographies and clinical conditions. Early diagnosis
and effective management are thus needed to avoid
associated sequelae.
BIBLIOGRAPHY:
A text book of medical surgical volume 1
Salvin HE, Pasricha S-, Marks DC, Speedy J. Iron
deficiency in blood donors: a national cross-sectional
study. Transfusion//Transfusion. 2014;54(10):2434-
44.

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IDENTIFICATION DATA

Name of the student : Amita gamit

2. 5min The DEFINITION: Lecture

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