COMPRESSIVE STRENGHT OF Note: Neither end of the compressive test specimen s when a = distance between the

establish shall depart from perpendicularity to the axis be more

CYLINDRICAL SPECIMEN than 0.5 (Approximately equivalent to 1/8” in 12”)
line of fracture and the nearest
FLEXURAL STRENGHT OF CONCRETE support on the tension surface of the
I. APPARATUS: (Using Simple Beam with Third Point Loading) beam, in.
1. Compression Testing Machine
(Capacity – 250,000 lbs) I. APPARATUS: a = L / 3 – 5%L EVALUATION OF CONCRETE STRENGTH
2. Capping Fixtures Flexural Tester (Capacity–30,000lbs)
3. Melting Pot 3. If the fracture occurs in the
tension surface outside of the In evaluating the strength of concrete, it
II. PROCEDURE: is essential that following principal factors or
II. MATERIALS: middle third of the span length variable which are known to influence it are given
1. Capping Compound (Melted 1. Measures the average depth of by more than 5% of the span due consideration:
Leadite or Sulfur) the test specimen. length, discard the result of the
2. Adjust the test span of the tester test. 1.Characteistics and Proportion of Ingredients
III. PROCEDURES: such that is it three (3) times the
average depth of the test The strength of concrete is influenced by
1. After removal from curing room, specimen. the quality of its ingredients – cement and
cap the specimen as soon as aggregates. Gradation, particle shape and
3. Place the specimen on the surface texture of aggregates are characteristics
practicable with the melted support blocks of the tester. which are particularly important. However, even
capping compound to distribute 4. Apply the load rapidly up to the last quality of ingredients will not produce
the applied load uniformly during approximately 50 % of the strong concrete if the ingredients are not
the test. expected load continuously at proportioned in accordance with the accepted
2. Determine the diameter of the the rate between 125 and methods of designing concrete mixture.
test specimen to the 175psi.
measurement 0.01 in.(0.25 mm) 2. Maximum Size of Aggregate
measured at the right angles to III. CALCUALTIONS:
each other at about mid-height The maximum size of aggregate has a
of the specimen. The average significant effect on the compressive strength for
1. If the fractures occurs in the a given cement content. If the cement content is
diameter will be used to tension surface within the middle constant, the compressive strength is increased
calculate the cross sectional third of the span length, as the maximum size of the aggregate is
area of the specimen. calculate the modulus of rupture increased. Stated differently, it means that less
3. Place the specimen at the table as follows: cement will be needed to maintain the same
of the compression tester 2 strength if the maximum size of aggregate is
directly under the upper bearing R = PL / b d increased.
block. Where:
4. Apply the load continuously and 3. Water – Cement Ratio
R =Modulus of Rupture, psi
without shock at a rate of travel P =Maximum Applied Load, lbf The influence of water – cement ratio
of 20 to 50 psi/sec. Until the L =Span Length, in on strength stated by duff Abrams in 1918 marked
specimen falls. b =Ave. width of specimen, in the most useful advancement in the history of
5. Record the maximum load d =Ave. depth of specimen, in concrete. Other factors equal, the lower the water
carried by the specimen during – cement ratio the higher is the strength of
the test. 2. If the fractures occurs in the concrete. If water is added to the mixture after it
tension surface outside the has been discharge from the mixer, the strength
IV. CALCULATION: middle third of the span length, is decreased if no additional cement is added.
calculate the modulus of rupture 4. Curing
Compressive Strength = as follows:
= Maximum Load =P 2
The strength of concrete will
Cross-sectional Area - sq.in. A R = 3Pa / bd continue to develop for a number of years if
Where: water in the mix is not lost through drying. In
structures which are not moist – cured and
remain substantially dry after construction, test results is acceptable in – 1. A lot shall be considered as
the strength of concrete will never reach the place. At least three 1000 linear meters of pavement
potential strength as indicated by the representative cores shall be when a single traffic lane is
28-days compressive strength of control taken from each member or poured.
2. A lot shall be considered as
specimens. Strength development stops at area of concrete in place that is 500 linear meters of pavement
an early age if concrete is exposed to dry air considered deficient. The when two lanes are poured
with no previous moist curing. EVALUATION AND ACCEPTANCE OF location of cores shall be concurrently.
CONCRETE determine by the Structural
5. Moisture content at Time of Test Engineer so that there will be
least impairment of strength of b) Each lot will be divided into five (5)
For specimen tested in compression, the structure. equal segments and one (1) core
a dry specimen will give a higher strength There are factors to be considered in 3. Concrete in the area will be obtain from each segment.
than a companion cylinder which has been the evaluation and acceptance, namely: represented by the cores will be c) The allowable tolerance in
pavement thickness is 25 mm.
soaked in water immediately prior to testing. considered adequate if the d) If the actual thickness of pavement
It is the opposite in the case of specimens A. Strength of concrete – Applicable average strength of the cores is exceeded the required thickness by
tested in flexure, where moist or soaked for both Structural Concrete (Item equal to or at least 85% of fc’, more than 5 mm, the credited
specimens will give higher flexural strength 405) and Paving Concrete (Item and if no single core is less than thickness equal to required
than companion specimens which are dry at 311). 75% of, the specified strength thickness plus 5 mm (Credited T =
the time of test. B. Thickness Determination of fc’. Required T + 5mm).
Concrete – Applicable only to 4. If there is a strength deficiency e) If the actual thickness of pavement
6. Size of Specimen Paving Concrete (Item 311). in the concrete specimen per is less than the required thickness
preceding paragraph one, and it by more than 25 mm, obtain core at
5.0 meter interval in each direction
A standard compression test A. STRENGTH OF CONCRETE is not feasible, or not advisable from the affected location until a
specimen is cylindrical with a height twice to obtain cores from the core is found in each direction which
the diameter. Smaller specimen will give Pursuant to ministry order No. 12 structure due to the structural is not deficient in thickness by more
higher strength than the bigger specimens. A dated February 27, 1981 and as considerations, payment of the than 25 mm.
12” x 24” specimen will give lower strength adopted in the 1988 DPWH concrete will be made at an f) Compute the average thickness of
than a 6” x 12” specimen obtained from the Standard Specifications for adjusted price due to strength pavement per lot and refer to table
same concrete mix and assuming that all Highways, Bridges, and Airport, deficiency of concrete II.
other pertinent factors are equal. This is due Volume II, the criteria in the specimens as specified in the
to the possible faster strength Gain of the evaluation and acceptance for both following table: II. Adjustment of Payment for
Thickness
smaller specimen. However, as the age Structural Concrete and Paving
increases the difference in strength due to Concrete are as follows: CONCRETE STRENGTH When the average thickness of the
difference in size tends to equalize. DEFICIENCY pavement per lot is deficient,
1. The strength level of concrete payment of the lot shall be adjusted
7. Rate of Load Application will be considered satisfactory if Deficiency in Strength Percent of Contract as follows:
Of Concrete Specimen Price Allowed
the average of all sets of three
Less than 5 100 %
The standard rate of loading in consecutive strength test results TABLE II
5 to less than 10 80 %
compression test is 20 to 50 psi per second. equal or exceed the specified 10 to less than 15 70 %
Deficiency in the average Percent of Contract
If the test specimen is loaded at a slower strength fc’, and no individual 15 to less than 20 60 %
Thickness per Lot (mm) Price per Lot
20 to less than 25 50 %
rate, the strength is lower than when it strength test result is deficient
25 or more 0%
loaded at the standard rate; a faster rate of by more than 15% of the 0–5 100 % payment
6 – 10 95 % payment
load application will result in higher specified strength fc’. B. THICKNESS SETERMINATION OF 11 – 15 85 % payment
strengths. 2. Concrete deemed to be not CONCRETE 16 – 20 70 % payment
acceptable using the above 21 – 25 50 % payment
criteria may be rejected unless I. Tolerance and Pavement Thickness more than 25 Remove and Replace
( No Payment)
the contractor can provide
evidence, by means of core a) The completed pavement shall be
accepted on a lot basis.
tests, than the quality of
concrete represented by failed
 A 20.5 Ave. Credited Thickness = 19.3 cm
V 20.0 AASHTO Designation: T 119 – 94
E 21.0 (ASTM Designation: C 143 – 74)
R 19.5 Remarks:
F R
A 17.5 Apparatus:
I E
G 17.0
N M
E 1. Station limit of thickness that failed to 1. Galvanized mold, No. 16 gage (frustrum of a
A A
T meet the allowable tolerance: Sta. 0 + cone with a base diam. Of 8 in. and height of
L R 349 to Sta. 0 + 351.25 (L = 2.25 m) 12 in.)
H
R K 2. Area that failed to meet the tolerance in 2. Scoop
I
E S Deficient in thickness be more pavement thickness requirement: W x L 3. Trowel
C 17.5
P than 2 mm = 6.10m x 2.25m = 13.725 sq.m. 4. Tamping Rod (5/8” dia., L = 24 in. with one
K 19.0 3. Percent of contract price allowed for end bullet pointed at the lower end)
O C 20.5 N 20.0 payment of item 311 due to deficient in
R R 20.0 E thickness: Procedure:
T E 20.5 S
O D 19.5 S Deficiency in Thickness = Reqd. 1. Dampen the mold and place on a flat moist
N I 17.5 Thickness – Ave. Credited Thickness non-absorbent surface
,
C T -- = 20.0 – 19.3 2. Fill the mold with concrete in three layers,
c
O E = 0.70 cm (7.0mm) each approximately one-third the volume of
u
R D within 6mm to 10 mm the mold. In placing the concrete, move the
. (refer to Table) scoop-full around the top edge of the mold as
E T m the concrete slides from it, in order to insure
B H . Therefore, 95 % payment of symmetrical distribution of concrete within the
O I 17.5
S Sta. 0 + 050 RL contract price for item 311 is allowed. mold.
R C 19.0 3. Each layer should be rodded with 25 stroke of
T + 150 LL
I K 20.0 a 5/8” diameter rod having a length of 24 in.
A + 250 RL
N N and bullet-pointed at the lower end. The
T + 345 LL
G E stroke should be distributed in a uniform
I + 349
T S manner over the cross section of the mold
O + 350 LL and should penetrate into the underlying layer
E S
N by ½ inch.
S ,
O 4. After the top layer has been rodded, strike off
T c
F the surface of the concrete with a trowel so
u that the mold is exactly filled.
C
. 5. Remove the mold from the concrete by raising
O + 351.25
m it carefully in a vertical direction, then
R + 355 LL
. measure immediately the slump by
E + 450 RL determining the difference between the height
T of the mold and the height of the concrete:
A
K Slump = 12” – height of the
E concrete after its
N subsidence
#1
6. After the slump measurement is completed,
#2
tap gently the sides of the concrete frustum
#3 with the tamping rod. The behavior of the
#4 – B concrete under this treatment is a valuable
C
#X indication of the cohesiveness, workability,
O
#4 and placeability of the mix. A well
R proportioned workable mix will gradually
E slump to lower elevation and return its original
I identity, while a poor mix will crumble,
D segregate and fall apart.
Y
#4–F
#5
SLUMP TEST FOR CONSISTENCY OF Note:
Total Credited Thickness = 154.5 cm PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE
 A slump test is measure of consistency in SAMPLING FRESH CONCRETE diverting the discharge into a sample AASHTO Designation: T 121 – 82
concrete. It is the difference between the AASHTO Designation: T 141 – 74 container. (ASTM Designation: C 138 – 77)
height of the mold and the height of the (ASTM Designation: C 172 – 71)
vertical axis of the specimen once it is b. Sampling from Paving Mixers –
separated from the mold. 1. SCOPE I. APPARATUS
Sample the concrete after the
In construction work, it is the last barrier or This method describes the procedures for contents of the paving mixer have been 1. Balance
“Go or No Go” point before the concrete is obtaining representative samples of fresh discharge. Obtain samples from at least 2. Tamping Rod – round, straight steel
placed, and a lot depends on the results. The concrete as delivered to the project site and five different portions of the pile and rod, 16 mm in diameter 60 mm in
common mistakes that should be avoided are: on which tests are to be performed to then composite into one sample for test length and rounded tamping end
1.) Poor sampling 2.) Neglecting to ampen the determine the compliance with quality purposes. Avoid contamination with 3. Measure – a cylindrical container made
core 3.) Improper rodding 4.) An unstable requirements of the specifications under sub-grade materials or prolong contact from metal that is not readily attacked
base, and 5.) Wrong type of rod – and the test which the concrete is furnished. The methods with an absorptive sub-grade. by cement paste
results bears little relation to actual concrete include sampling from stationary, paving and - Watertight and sufficiently rigid to
equality. truck mixers, and from agitating and c. Sampling from Revolving drum / Truck retain its form and calibrated volume
non-agitating equipment used to transport Mixers or Agitators – under rough used
central mixed concrete.
Sample the concrete at two or more Minimum Capacity of Measures
2. SAMPLING regularly spaced intervals during
discharge of the middle portion of the Max. Nominal Size Capacity of
The elapsed time between obtaining the first batch. Take the samples within the time Of Coarse Agg., mm Measures, ltr
and the final portions of the composite limit specified for sampling fresh
samples shall be as short as possible, but in concrete and composite them into one 25.0 6.0
no instance shall it exceed 15 minutes. sample for test purposes. In any case 37.5 11.0
do not obtain samples from the first or 50.0 14.0
Transport the individual samples to the place last portions of the batch discharge. 75.0 28.0
where fresh concrete test are to be performed Sample by repeatedly passing a 114.0 71.0
or where test specimens are to be molded. receptacle through the entire discharge 152.0 99.0
They shall then be combined and re-mixed stream or by completely diverting the
with a shovel to ensure uniformity. discharge into a sample container. Dimension of Measures
Regulate the rate of the discharge of
Start tests for slump or air content, or both, the batch by the rate of revolution of the Capacity Inside Inside Thickness Metal Size of
(liters) Dia. Height Of Wall Agg.
within 5 minutes after the sampling is drum and not by the size of the gate Bottom Max.
(mm) (mm) (mm)
completed. opening. (mm) (mm)

Start molding test specimens for strength 3 155+/-2 160+/-2 5.0 2.5 12.5
within 15 minutes after fabricating the 10 205+/-2 305+/-2 5.0 2.5 25.0
composite sample. Keep the elapsed time 15 255+/-2 295+/-2 5.0 3.0 40.0
between obtaining and using the samples as 30 355+/-2 305+/-2 5.0 3.0 100.0
short as possible and protect the sample from
the sun, wind, and other sources of rapid
evaporation, and from contamination. 4. Strike-Off – flat rectangular plate,
6 mm thick or glass or acrylic
3. PROCEDURE plate, 12 mm thick.
-- Length and width at least 50 mm
Size of Sample – Make the sample to be greater than the diameter of the
used for strength tests a minimum of 1 cu.ft. measure.
5. Mallet – with rubber or rawhide head,
a. Sampling from Stationary Mixers, 0.57+/-0.23 kg for 14 liters or smaller
Except Paving Mixers – measures, 1.02+/-0.23 kg for measures
larger than 14 liters capacity measure.
Sample the concrete at two or more
regularly spaced intervals during II. CALIBRATION OF MEASURE
discharge of the middle portion of the (AASHTO DESIGNATION: T 19-80)
batch. Take the samples within the time
limit of 15 minutes and composite them 1. Weigh empty measure
into one sample for test purposes. Do 2. Fill the measure with water at room
not obtain samples from the very first or temperature
last portions of the batch discharge. 3. Determine the net weight of water in the
Perform sampling by passing a measure
receptacle completely through the STANDARD METHOD OF TEST FOR
STANDARD METHOD OF discharge stream or by completely UNIT WEIGHT AND YIELD OF CONCRETE
 4. Measure the temperature of the water and - In compacting the final layer, the
determine its unit weight, from the following vibrator shall penetrate into the
table ( interpolate if necessary) underlying layer approximately 25
mm MAKING AND CURING CONCRETE TEST SPECIMEN MAKING AND CURING CONCRETE TEST SPECIMEN
Unit Weight of Water - The duration of vibration will depend IN THE LABORATORY IN THE FIELD
upon the workability of the concrete AASHTO Designation: T 126-76 AASHTO Designation: T 23
Temperature kg/cu.m. and effectiveness of the vibrator (ASTM Designation: C 192-76) (ASTM Designation: C 31)
- (note: Usually, sufficient
F C vibration has been applied as No. Of Specimen – 3 or more for each test age or
soon as the surface of the condition A. COMPRESSION TEST SPECIMENS
60 15.6 999.01 concrete becomes relatively
65 18.3 998.54 smooth) PREPARATION OF MATERIALS: 1. Size of Specimens
70 21.1 997.97
75 23.9 997.32 4. Strike-Off Temperature – 20 to 25 degrees C Diameter = 3 x max. nominal size of
80 26.7 996.59 - After the consolidation, aggregate
85 29.4 995.83 strike-off the top surface of he Cement – Shall pass through 1.18 mm (No. 16) or Height = 2 x diameter
concrete and finish it smoothly finer sieve
5. Calculate the factor for the measure by with the flat strike-off plate - All lumps must be rejected 2. Molding
dividing the unit weight of the water by the - Fill the mold in 3 layers of
weight required to fill the measure. 5. Cleaning and Weighing MIXING PROCEDURE: approximately equal volume
- After the strike-off, clean all - Rod each layer with a bullet-shaped
III. SAMPLE – Obtain the sample of freshly excess concrete from the A. Hand Mixing tamping rod at lower end
mixed concrete in accordance with the exterior of the measure and – mix cement and fine aggregate - The strokes shall be distributed
Standard Sampling of Fresh Concrete. determine the net mass of the without water (and admixture, if uniformly over the cross-section of the
(AASHTO DESIGNATION: T 141) concrete. any) mold and shall just penetrate into the
- mix coarse aggregate without underlying layer
IV. PROCEDURE 6. Calculation water - The bottom layer shall be rodded
- add water (and admixture throughout its depth
1. Consolidation – consolidate by rodding for Unit Weight = (Net Mass of the concrete) X “solution” if used until the concrete - Tap the side of the mold to close the
concrete having a slump greater than 75 mm, (Calibration Factor of measure) is homogeneous voids left by they tamping rod
by rodding or vibration if the slump is 25 to 75 - After the top layer has been rodded,
mm, and by vibration if the slump is less than Yield = (Total Mass of Batch) / (Unit Weight of B. Machine mixing the surface of the concrete shall be
25 mm Concrete) struck off with a trowel and cover with
2. Rodding – place the concrete in Step 1 – Prior to starting rotation, add coarse a glass or metal plate to prevent
the measure in three layers of Cement Content aggregate, some of the mixing water, evaporation
approximately equal volume = Mass of Cement in the Batch and the solution of admixture, if
- rod the bottom layer throughout its Volume of the Batch required.
depth but the rod shall not forcibly Step 2 – Start mixer and add fine aggregate,
strike the bottom of the measure cement and water while running.
- distribute the strokes uniformly
over the cross section of the If Step 2 is not possible
measure and for the top two layers, - Stop mixer
penetrate about 25 mm into the - Add other ingredients
underlying layers - Mix for 3 minutes
- after each layer is rodded, tap the - Followed by 3 minutes rest
sides of the measure smartly 10 to - Followed by 2 minutes final
15 times with the appropriate mallet mixing
- add final layer so as to avoid Note: Cover open top wile resting.
overfilling
- 25 strokes if the measure used is Discharge concrete to mixing pan and remix
14-liters or smaller in capacity using shovel until uniform in appearance.
- 50 strokes for 28-liter measure
3. Internal Vibration Curing
- Fill and vibrate in two equal - cover immediately after
layers molding
- Insert vibrator at three different - remove from mold not less than 20 nor
points for each layer more than 48 hours after molding
- In compacting the bottom layer, do - storage during the first 48 hours should be
not allow the vibrator to rest on or vibration-free
touch the bottom or sides of the
measure
N No 25 N N - N 3 N U
o . of 25 o o 1 Ro 10 o e o. p
. . q of t
. Str 50 . 0 d (3/8) C o
o ok 75 o o 0 Dia 16 o u yl 3
f es f f ( me (5/8) f a in 0
R per L S 4 ter 16 L l d 0
o La a tr ) M (5/8) a a e (
d yer y o h m 16 y s r 1
d e k a (in (5/8) e r m 2
r r e m )
i e l c) (i O
n s s f s q n. v
g R / d u ) e
s e L e i r
p q a p r 3
e u y t e 0
r i e h d 0
r 2 (
L r 2
1
a e 0 e 2
y d 0 q )
e ( u 3
r 8 a 0
/ ) l 0
R a 3 (
o 1
o s
2
d n r )
D e m -
i a o 4
a r r 6
m a e 0
e s M R (
1
t p o o
8
e r d d )
r a e d O
c Cyl 100 o i v
t ind (4) f n e
i er 150 C g r
c Dia (6) o R 4
. 200 6
b m o
M (8) 0
l p d (
e m 250 a d 1
(in (10) c i 8
c) ti n )
o g
n V
i
b
r
a
t
i
o
n
V
i
b
r
a
t
i
o
n
Consolidation by Vibrator 🡪 When the rodding and spading T 160 Note: Specimens made to determine
🡪 Use 3 insertion of the vibrator at operations is completed, the top shall o (25) when placed concrete is ready for traffic
different points for each layer be struck off with a straightedge and p or
S less Depth, mm should remain in them molds for 44 – 52
🡪 Allow the vibration to penetrate finished with a wood float
u 165 (in) hours. Then stored as near as possible to
through layer being vibrated, and into r –
layer below, approximately 25 mm (1 150 – 200
the installation they represent and cured
f 310
inch) a (26 (6 – 8) the same.
R N 25 N Approximat c – Over 200
o 1 e Depth / e 49) (8) GENERAL RULES:
3. Curing o . for
o Layer, mm a 310 150 – 200
🡪 After molding cover top with wet d o eac . (in) (6 – 8)
r (50)
burlap and store in a cold place S f h7 o Over 200 1. Take samples from at least three parts of
e or
🡪 Remove from mold after 24 i S sq. f Half Depth a mor (8) the load.
hours and soak in water more t cm. 100 (4) o e
z r (sq.i L Depth of 2. Use rigid non-absorptive, water - tight
than 7 days prior to the time of f
test (tests shall be kept in the e o n.) a Sample S molds at least 6” x 6” in cross section.
field at least three-fourths of the a k of y 200 (3) or p 3. Oil molds lightly before filling, fill molds in
e Surf as near as e 3 – inches deep layers and rod each layer
test period) n s ace
e practicable c once for each 2 sq.in. of area.
🡪 While in the laboratory the d p 1 r i
specimen shall be kept at N e for s m 4. Spade all sides with a trowel, strike off top
laboratory temperature until 24 to o r eac o e with a straightedge, and finish with a
48 hours before testing L h n
. a 14 s No. of
wood float.
,
o y sq.c d Layers s 5. Cover test beams immediately with a
General Rules:
1. Take samples from at least three f e m. o q double layer of wet burlap and let
r (2 2 equal . specimens stand undisturbed for 24 hours
parts of the load S sq.i
s
3 or more c
2. Use only non-absorptive molds t n.) o 1 at temperatures between 60 to 80 F.
m
3. Fill in three equal layers, rod r of 2 or more .
each layer 25 times with o Surf (
spherical-nose rod ace s
k
4. Let cylinder stand undisturbed q
e .
from 12 to 24 hours, with tops
covered at temperature between
s i
p n
60 and 80 F (20 – 26 C) .
5. Pack cylinders carefully in e R 10 )
sawdust and ship to laboratory r o (3/8
for testing. L d ) Mode of
d 10 Compaction
a i (3/8
B. FLEXURE TEST SPECIMENS y a ) Rodding
e m 16 Rodding
1. Size of Sample e (5/8 Vibration Consolidation by vibration – Insert the
r APPROXIMATE SAND AND WATER
Depth = 3 x max. nominal size of t ) Vibration
aggregate e
vibrator at intervals not exceeding 150 mm (6 in) CONTENTS PER CUBIC METER OF
Width = depth or may be wider r along the centerline of the long dimension of the CONCRETE
by not more , specimen. For specimens wider than 150 mm (6
m in.), use alternating insertions along two lines.
Than half
m
Length = 3 x depth + 2 inches or ( Allow the shaft of the vibrator to penetrate into the Based on mix having a water – cement
more i bottom layer approximately 25 mm (1 in.) ratio of 0.57 by weight of 22.8 kg per bag of
n cement ( 22.8 L/bag of cement), 75.0 mm slump
2. Molding c
3. Curing
h and natural sand having a fineness modulus of
🡪 Fill the mold with concrete in layers of
approximately 75 mm (3 inches) in e - After molding tests specimens, 2.75.
depth
s immediately cover molds with wet
) burlap and store in a cold place
🡪 Rod each layer 50 times for each For mixes having either proportions, see
square foot ( or 1 stroke for each 2 - Let tests specimens stand undisturbed adjustment below
square inches) in their molds for 24 – 48 hours at 60 –
🡪 After each layer is rodded, the 80F
concrete shall be spaded along the - Immediately after removal, soak
sides and ends with a mason’s trowel specimens in water
or other suitable tools
- Cure samples 4 to 7 days at the project
site
 N L 214 A E 0 K 199 Each Designated 50 – 4.75 Class B: Footings, pedestals, massive pier shafts, pipe
e i 199 d f 0 g 184 0.055 Size of ( 2” – No. 4 ) bedding, and gravity walls, unreinforced or
t t 192 j f + or – 3 . 178 increase Coarse 63 – 4.75 with only a small amount of reinforcement.
W e 181 u e % 166 or
a r 172 s c + 8.9 kg 157 decreas
Aggregate ( 2 ½” – No. 4)
t s 163 t t - 4.7 kg 148 e in Square 19 – 4.75 Class C: Thin reinforced section, railings for filler in
N Opening, ( ¾” – No. 4) steel grid floors precast piles and cribbing.
e 146 m o 131 Water –
e
A r K 214 e n Sand 51 Cement Std,, mm 25 – 4.75
t
n C g 199 n V
W % of 46 C ratio (Alternate) ( 1” – No. 4) Class P: Prestressed concrete structures and
g o s 192 t a Total 41 h Each 25 – 4.75 members.
a
u n . 181 o l Aggre 37 a 0.1 ( 1” – No. 4 )
t
l t 172 f u gate 34 n increase
e Consistenc 50 – 100 Seal : Concrete deposited in water.
a e 163 A e by 31 g or
r y Range in (2–4)
r n 146 b s Absol 26 e decreas
C Slump 50 – 100
C t o i ute s e in
o
o p v n
n Volum i fineness Mm ( inch ) (2–4)
u e e T e n Modulus 50 – 100
t
r r T a cu.m. C of Sand (2–4)
e
s c a b (Table V) 12.5 (1/2) o Each 25
n 100 max.
e u b l Maximum 19.0 (3/4) n mm
t ( 4 ) max.
A . l e size of 25.0 (1) d increase
g m e V Aggregat 37.5 (1 ½) it or 100 – 200
g . f e, mm 50.0 (2) i decreas (4–8)
r o (in.) 75.0 (3) o e in Maximum 0.53
e r 150.0 (6) n slump Water –
g Sand 56 O s Manufac
Cement 0.58
a % of 51 t + or – 1 S ture
t h ti sand Ratio kg/kg
Total 46 + or ½
e Aggre 42 e 0 p For 0.55
gate 39 r +3 u Less
by 36 C -3 l Workabl 0.49
Absol 31 o a e
ute n t Concret 0.58
Volum d e e as
e i d Paveme
cu.m. t i nt
N l 199 i n Minimum 360
R o T Cement (9.0)
e i 184 P
o n a
u
t t 178 e Content 320
W e 166 s r b per cu.m. (8.0)
n l
a r 157 c Kg (bag #) 380
d e
t s 148 e
e V (9.5)
e 131 n
d
r t 440
C (11.0)
C S
o 380
o a
u
r
n n (9.5)f
t d
s
e
e
n
Class A
A
t
g B
p
g
e
r
r Table 1 C
e
c
g
u P
a
.
t Minimum 20.7 ( 3,000 )
m
e compressiv SEAL
.
e Strength 16.5 ( 2,400 ) Uses of Each Class of Concrete
of 150 mm
x 300 mm 20.7 (3,000 ) Class A: All superstructures and heavily reinforced
Concrete substructures. For slabs, beams, girders, SAMPLNG REQUIREMENTS FOR TESTING
Cylinder 37.7 ( 5,000 ) columns, arch ribs, box culverts, reinforced Of Common Construction Materials
Specimen abutments, retaining walls and reinforced
at 28 days 20.7 ( 3,000 ) footings.
Mpa (Psi) SA
MP
LIN
G b. Moisture 3 units
RE Content
QU 10 Steel Bar 1 (S) per 10,000 kgs 1 meter
IRE or 10 tonnes
ME 11 Steel Sheet 1 (S) per 1,000 1 sheet
NT (Galvanized) sheet
S 12 Wire:
FO (Strand)
R Wire 2 meters
TE (Strap)
STI
13 Gabion 1m x 2m
NG
of 14 Paints 2 (S) per 100 cans 1- 4 liter can
Co
mm 1 - 20 liter can
on 15 Joint Filler 1 - 400mm x 400mm
Co (Pre-molded) sample
nstr
16 Curing 1 - liter
ucti
Compound
on
Mat 17 Concrete 1-set of 3 cylinder 1-set of 3 cylinder (6" x
eria Cylinder for 75 cu.m. 12")
ls 18 Concrete 1 set of 3 beams for 1 set of 3 beams (6" x
Beam 75 cu.m. or 1-day 6" x 21")
pouring
MATERIALS MINIMUM TESTING MINIMUM QUANTITY 19 Concrete 5 holes / km. / lane
REQUIREMENTS OF SAMPLE TO BE Core
SUBMITTED FOR 5 holes / 500 mtrs
TESTING when 2-lanes
poured
20 Asphalt Core
a.) Density 1 core for every
1 Cement 1 - sample per 2,000 10 kgs and 100m or at least one
bags Thickness for each full day's
2 Asphaltic 1 (S) per 40 tonnes 5 liters Test operation
Materials or 200 drums 21 Water
3 Asphalti Mix 1-(S) per 130 tonnes 20 kgs (Complete) Analysis
4 Aggregates a.) Chemical 500 Ml
Analysis
a.)Coarse 70 kgs b.) Sediment 500 Ml
Aggregates load Analysis
b.) Fine 50 kgs 22 Structural 1 (S) per 50 Reduced Section (as
Aggregates Steel/Sheet tonnes/50,000 kgs prescribed)
5 Soil 1-(S) per 1,500
Aggregates cu.m.
a.) 20 kgs
Classification
b.) Routinary 50 kgs
Test
c.) Moisture
Density
Relation & 50 kgs
CBR
6 Non - 2 pipes Min./0.5 % 2 pipes
Reinforced of No. of Pipes
Concrete
Pipe
7 Reinforced 1 (S) per 50 pipes or 1 pipe (1m length)
Concrete 2% No. of pipes
Pipe
8 Steel Pipe 1 (S) per 600 length 2 pcs of 100 mm long
(Galvanized ) taken from both ends
w/o thread
9 Concrete
Hollow
Blocks
(Complete)
a. Strength 3 units