Faculty of Management and Business Technology

Assignment ____1____ (Individual)

Student Jeffry Solomon victor

Name
Student ID 109555

Program DIPLOMA IN HR _

Semester September 2020

Course Fundamentals of IT

Course Code EDI 101A-1A & 1B

Assignment Instructions
1. Students are to ensure all work done are NOT plagiarized and are properly referenced.
2. Students must use this designated cover sheet when handing in assignments.
3. Use the above page as your first page.
 Your answer for each question should not exceed 500 words.
 Use appropriate diagrams if needed.
 Use the following format:
o Heading – Heading 1
o Sub heading – heading 2
 o Font - Times New Roman and Size – 12, 1.5 spacing
 Any assignment submitted after the deadline will not be entertained. You will be
assigned ‘0’ marks automatically.
 Submit your assignment personally to me at Block A, Level 2.
 Marks will be deducted for the assignment submitted later than the deadline.
 No hand-written assignment is accepted
 Neatly format, print your assignment and submit.

CLO: 2

Identify the fundamentals of information technology, including the Internet, the Web,
connectivity and mobility. (C1, PLO3)

Marks:

All question carry equal marks (10 x 10=100) (10% will be taken)

Deadline: 27 October 2020

th
 Questions (10 x 10 =
100)

1. Computer Literacy - Explain why it is vital to success in today’s world.

In simple words Computers are just as common for everyone life, like as a pen and paper for writing,
especially among youth with most of the sectors moving towards automation and IT based solution,
knowledge of computer system becomes critical.so all started to use and make it use for them, so
that it came success in today world.

2. Define the following terms:

1. Computer

Computer is an electronic device, operating under the control of instructions stored in

its own memory, that can accept data, process the data according to specified rules,

produce results, and store the results for future use.,.

Data

 Computers process data (input) into information (output). A computer

often holds data, information, and instructions in storage for future

2. Process

 The processor, also called the central processing unit (CPU), interprets and

carries out the basic instructions that operate a computer. The processor significantly

impacts overall computing power & manages most of computer’s operations. A

processor core, or simply core, contains the circuitry necessary to execute

instructions. The operating system views each processor core as a separate

processor. Multi-core Processor, Dual-core Processor, Quad-core Processor. Not only

that Processor contains Control Unit, Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) For every

instruction, a processor repeats a set of four basic operations, which

 comprise a machine cycle. First The control unit fetches the mathematical problem’s

instructions and data from memory. Second Control unit decodes the mathematical

problem’s instructions and sends the instructions & data to the ALU . Third The ALU

performs calculations on data. Fourth The result of the mathematical problem are

stored in memory. Process also Registers temporarily hold data & instructions.

Registers are part of the processor, not part of memory or a permanent storage device.

Processors have many different types of registers, each with a specific storage

function. Store the location from where an instruction was fetched Storing an

instruction while the control unit decodes it Storing data while ALU computes it

Storing the results of a calculation. Lastly The processor relies on the system clock to

control the timing of all computer operations. Just as your heart beats at a regular rate

to keep your body functioning. The pace of the system clock, called the clock speed.

3. Information

 Next computer also Information Processing Cycle refers to series of input,

process, output, and storage activities.

3. List down 5 important components of a computer and explain each component briefly.

1. Input Devices

An input device is any hardware component that allows you to enter data and

instructions into a computer. Keyboard, Mouse, Scanner, Web Cam, Microphon

2. Output Devices

Output device is any hardware component that conveys information to one or

more people. There are Three (3) commonly used output devices are: Printer,

Monitor, Speakers
 3. System Unit

The processor. Memory Although some forms of memory are permanent, most memory

keeps data and instructions temporarily, which means its contents are erased when the

computer is shut off.

4. Storage Devices Storage holds data, instructions and information for future use. For

example, computers can store hundreds of millions of customer name and addresses.

Storage holds these items permanently.

5. Communication Devices

 Communication occur over: Cables Telephone lines, Cellular radio

network, Satellites and Wireless

4. Discuss any 5 advantages and 5 disadvantages of using computers.

Advantages

 Reliability

 Speed

 Consistency

 Storage

 Communications

Disadvantages

 Health Risks

 Violation of Piracy

 Public Safety

 Impact on Labour Force

  Impact on Environment

5. Distinguish between system software and application software.

 Definition

 Usage

 User interaction

6. Write a brief note on chips, adapter cards and BIOS of a motherboard.

 The motherboard, sometimes called a system board. is the main circuit board of

the system unit. Not only that the motherboard contains many electronic

components including a processor chip, memory chips, expansion slots, and

adapter cards. Next a computer chip is a small piece of semiconducting material,

usually silicon, on which integrated circuits are etched. Expansion slots hold

adapter cards that provide connections and functions not built into the

motherboard.

7. Describe the control unit and arithmetic logic unit components of a processor, and explain

the four steps in a machine cycle

 The control unit deciphers each instruction stored in the CPU and then carries out the
instruction. It directs the movement of electronic signals between main memory and the
arithmetic/logic unit. It also directs these electronic signals between main memory and
the input and output devices. For every instruction, the control unit carries out four
basic operations, known as machine cycle. Next Fetches Decodes Executes Stores

8. Describe the types of buses in a computer.

  There are two types of buses, bits transfer internally within the circuitry of the

computer along the electrical channels & each channel called BUS

9. Differentiate among the various types of computer memory.

 Memory stores three (3) basic categories of items Each location in memory has an

address, Memory size is measured in kilobytes (KB or K), megabytes (MB),

gigabytes (GB), or terabytes (TB). The system unit contains two types of memory

Random Access Memory (RAM) also called main memory, consists of memory

chips that can be read from & written to by the processor. When you turn on the

computer, certain operating system files (such as the files that determine how the

Windows XP desktop appears) load into RAM, from storage (hard disk). These

files remain in RAM as long as the computer has continuous power. The amount

of RAM necessary in a computer often depends on the types of software you plan

to use.

10. Describe the functions of an operating system.

 An operating system (OS) is a, most operating systems performs similar functions

set of programs containing instructions that work together to coordinate all the

activities among computer hardware resources Starting and Shutting down a

computer and Providing a user interface. Next Most operating systems performs

similar function Configuring devices, Scheduling jobs, Establish internet

connection and Monitoring performance. Not only that Different sizes of

computers typically use different types of operating systems. Furthermore,

Operating systems handles many of these functions automatically Starting a

computer, providing a user interface, Managing programs, Scheduling jobs. To

resume Starting a computer There are two (2) types of PC booting When turning
 on a computer that has been powered off completely, you are performing a cold

boot. A warm boot, by contrast, is the process of using the operating system to

restart a computer. When you install new software, often an on-screen prompt

instructs you to restart the computer. In this case, a warm boot is appropriate. An

operating system includes various shut down options. By the way You interact

with software through its user interface. User interface controls how you enter

data & instructions & how information is displayed on the screen Three (3) types

of user interfaces Providing a user interface Command-line, Menu-driven,

Graphical user interface. You can manage lot of things using command line

In a command-line interface, a user types command or presses special keys on the

keyboard to enter data & instructions. Command line interfaces often difficult to

use because they require exact spelling, grammar & punctuation. Command line

interfaces, however give a user more control to manage

detailed settings. Menu-driven This kind of interface provides menus as means of

entering commands. Menu-driven interfaces are easier to learn than command

line. That is because users do not have to learn the rules of entering commands.

Graphical User Interface Most users today work with a graphical user interface

(GUI). With GUI, you interact with menus & images such as buttons & other

graphical objects to issue commands.

End of Assignment 1

[see below for assignment rubric (marking scheme)]

Rubrics/Marking Scheme for EDI 101A (for all Assignment)

Category 5 4 2 1
Organization Information is very Information is Information is The
organized in a well- organized in a organized, but information
constructed well- paragraph(s) are not appears to be
paragraph or constructed well-constructed. disorganized.
paragraphs. paragraph or
paragraphs.
Amount of All topics are All topics are All topics are One or more
Information addressed and all addressed and addressed, and most topics
questions answered most questions answered were not
with at least 2 questions with 1 sentence addressed.
sentences about answered about each.
each. with at least 2
sentences
about
each.

Quality of Information clearly Information Information partially Information

Information relates to the topic. relates to the relates to the topic. has little or
It topic. It No details and/or nothing to do
includes details provides examples are given. with the topic.
and/or examples. few supporting
details and/or
examples.

Application Information Information Information Information

of Learning presented shows a presented presented shows a presented
clear understanding shows partial understanding shows
and application of understanding and application of little or no
the Professional and the Professional understanding
Development Topic. application of Development Topic. and
the application of
Professional the
 Development Professional
Topic. Development
Topic.
Information Clear and expected Clear output Output with some data Not expected
Arrangement output or design missing output at all.
(output)
Formatting Clear and neatness Clear but non- Haphazard formatting No formatting
neatness of formatting and structural with faulty output at all
followed format
instructions
Critical Excellent: Analysis Good: Analysis Satisfactory: Analysis of Insufficient:
Analysis of topic is thorough, of topic was topic was superficial, Analysis of
writing reflects deep thorough, writing reflects low topic was
thought and critical writing reflects level of engagement, superficial or
assessment and general some points of topic misguided,
solid arguments, assessment, were not writing does
and information only some addressed/information not reflect
presented is points of was inaccurate. deep thought,
accurate. discussion critical points
topic were of the
addressed, discussion
information is were missing,
mostly and
accurate. information is
inaccurate.
Mechanics No grammatical, Almost no A few grammatical Many
spelling or grammatical, spelling, or punctuation grammatical,
punctuation errors. spelling errors. spelling, or
or punctuation punctuation
errors errors

Supporting Excellent: The Good: The Satisfactory: The Insufficient: No

Research research provided is research research provided is citations,
supportive of your provided is supportive of your writing is
argument, is from a mostly argument, but is not speculative,
credible source, is appropriately appropriately cited, research is
appropriately cited. cited and from and writing is misguided
credible speculative
sources, but
writing is
mostly
speculative.
Assignment Excellent: Intro, Good: Intro, Satisfactory: Intro, Insufficient:
Components body, body, body and conclusion Intro,
and conclusion and conclusion paragraphs are body, and
paragraphs are clear paragraphs are present but not well conclusion
and well organized, clear, organized paragraphs are
topic is introduced, but not well missing/not
discussed/analyzed, used clear
and summarized.
Total Marks allotted: ______________/50_____________