GCE

Physics B (Advancing Physics)

Advanced Subsidiary GCE
Unit G492: Understanding Processes/Experimentation and Data Handing

Mark Scheme for June 2011

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G492 Mark Scheme June 2011
Qn Expected Answers Marks Additional guidance
1 (a) kg m s-2 (1); 2
(b) N m and W s (1)
2 (a) 10-6 (1)
2
(b) 103 (1)
3 Three equal-length arrows (by eye) joined tip-to-tail (1)
2
Forming a (closed equilateral) triangle (1)
4 increasing amplitude Deduct one mark for each extra tick.
increasing frequency 
increasing intensity 2
increasing wavelength
increasing width 
5 (a) d = 1×10-3 m/400 = 2.5 × 10 -6 m (1) 1
(b) n = d sin   sin =n /d No marks for first order
If you see 38.7°, it must be right = (2)
sin = 2×5.0 × 10-7 m/1.6 × 10 -6 m = 0.625
2 Allow (1) m for using the value of d from (a)
 = 39° (1)m (1)e
6 (a) F = 850 kg × (27 m s-1/15 s)= 1530 N 1500 N(1)m (1)e 2
-1
(b) P = Fv = 1100 N × 27 m s = 29 700 W = 30 000 W(1) 1
7 displacement = {(15-3)2 + 72 } = 193 = 13.9/14 Allow any clear indication of direction, e.g. N 30.3° W,
paces (1) 1 including diagram with correct angle labelled.
For scale drawing, allow 13 – 15 paces at 28° – 32°
bearing = 360° arctan(7/(15-3)) = 360° - arctan(0.583) Allow 30.3°W of N or 59.7° N of W or either angle labelled on
= 360° - 30.3° = 330° the diagram.
2
1st mark is for calculation of the angle and the 2nd is for
correctly reporting it.
8 (a) ‘loop’ = ½ and 0.5 × 20 cm = 50 cm / 5 (1) 1 Allow alternative valid approach, e.g. 5 half-wavelengths
= 50 cm so  = 50 cm/(5 × 0.5) = 20 cm
(b) Should calculate, for all 3 data pairs, either f 2/T (14.4, 14.5,
Appropriate test proposed: can be assumed if an
appropriate test is carried out correctly (1) 14.7) or f/T (3.79, 3.80, 3.83) or their inverses (0.0694,
0.0692, 0.0680) and (0.264, 0.263, 0.261).
proposed test carried out correctly on all 3 data sets(1) Allow conclusion ‘No’ only if candidate indicates that
3 calculated ‘constant’ shows a distinct trend.
conclusion (yes, to precision of data given) (1) Max 1 mark for answers involving graphs.
Section A total: 21

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G492 Mark Scheme June 2011
Qn Expected Answers Marks Additional guidance
9 (a) (i) v = 0 initially (1) 1 ‘flat’ is not enough without reference to 0
(ii) W > T (and then W =T) and then T > W (1) Do not penalise for statements or idea of T increasing.
2
Because W is decreasing/it is ejecting gas (1)
(b) (i) tangent drawn at t = 6.0 s with t ≥ 1 (1) 1st mark is independent of the others
Uses v/t (1) e.g. gradient – allow rounding (this is a show that question)
Answer in range 9 to 11 m s-2 (1) 3
Fres=ma=6.9 kg×10 m s-2=69 N or W=6.9 kg×9.8 N kg-1 Use own acceleration or 10 m s-2
(ii)
= 68N ≈ 69 N (1) Allow algebraic approach ma = T- mg  T = ma + mg
2
so T = Fres + W must be about double W (1) And a  g so T = 2mg
(c) Starts curving up sooner(1) Allow curve starting at zero.
2
Curves diverge continually (1) Judge by eye
Total: 10
10 (a) Energy needed to liberate electrons (1); One mark for each point.
Higher frequency/lower wavelength means higher
energy photons (1);
light provides energy in ‘packets’ (1);
violet photons are energetic enough to liberate
electrons, while red are not (1); 4
greater intensity = more photons (1);
one photon liberates one electron (1); QWC is organise information clearly. The 4th mark would not
more photons  more electrons produced (1); be awarded for a confused answer which does not link
in wave model, red light will emit if you wait long enough quantum behaviour with red and violet light.
but this does not happen (so wave model is wrong) (1)
(b) E = hf = 6.6 × 10 -34 J s × 5.6×1014 Hz = 3.7 × 10-19J (1); ORA: calculate fmin = 3.7×10-19J/6.6 × 10 -34J s=5.6×1014Hz(1);
2
comparison of calculated value with given threshold (1)
(c) No electrons produced below 3.7 (× 10 -19 J )(1);
Above this, (extra) energy supplied goes to 2 Reject reference to direct proportion.
electron (1)
(d) Any reasonable application/use involving detection of E.g. solar panel, measuring light level, automatic switch.
light or measurement of its intensity (1);
limitation e.g. limited range of wavelengths detectable 2
(not red end of spectrum), need for clean potassium
surface (1)
Total: 10

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G492 Mark Scheme June 2011
Qn Expected Answers Marks Additional guidance
11 (a) (i) (70°/360°)×365 days(1)m; = 70.97(1)e (71 days) 2 71.0 implies evaluation. Allow rounding of intermediate
calculation.
(ii) period = 71×24×60/40 = 2556 minutes (1)m (1)e 2 70.97 days 2555 minutes. Accept 2600 minutes for 2 marks
(b) (i) half d = opposite side of right-angled triangle with Working may be on a labelled drawing, possibly on Fig. 11.1.
vertex 35° (1) 1st mark for recognising the triangle, second for the algebra.
0.5×d/R = sin(35°)  d = 2R sin (35°) (1) 2

(ii) d = 2×1.4×1011 m × sin (35°) = 1.6 × 1011 m

c = 1.6 × 1011 m/(11× 60s) = 2.4×108 m s-1 (1)m (1)e 2

(iii) suggestion (1); explanation (1) 2 Suggestion: estimate for R too low (1) this makes d too low
which lowers the value for c (1)
Suggestion time too large (1) because it’s hard to
measure/only an estimate(1)
Total: 10
12 (a) horiz: u cos  vert: u sin  (1) 1 both needed.
(b) (i) Using s = ut + ½at2 (1); s= 0 (1); u = vert component of Any three points
u = u sin  (1); a = -g (1) Allow alternative valid approaches, with choice of equation (1);
3
a = -g (1); other conditions with respect to. u, v, s, t (2);

(ii) 0 = (u sin )t- ½gt2  u sin = ½gt (1) 3 Use of invalid equation = zero marks
t = 2u sin g Allow other methods: choice of valid equation and
= 2×8.0 m s-1× sin(50°)/9.8 m s-2 =1.25 s (1)s (1)e rearrangement as necessary(1); substitution (1); evaluation (1)
1.25 s or 1.3 s gets 3 marks automatically
(c) Throw at smaller angle  (1); 2 Allow any feasible strategy for (1);
collisions with sides of buckets (1) second mark needs a possible physical explanation.
Allow e.g lower u (1) so less energy to dissipate (1)
Total: 9
Section B total: 39

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G492 Mark Scheme June 2011
Qn Expected Answers Marks Additional guidance
13 (a) distance travelled better defined / using similar visual Any plausible reason.
stimulus to start and stop timing / student A’s method 1 Allow reading of text to imply B makes repeated measurements
requires doing more than one thing at a time – higher of a single pass up the tank.
chance of error/ larger distance travelled, so time
longer and therefore less uncertain.
(b) suggestion(1); e.g. starting stop watch when wave generated, not at end (1);
correction (1) allow to reach end before starting timing (1); or measuring
2
depth with ruler with 0 not at end (1); correction by subtraction,
etc. (1)
(c) (i) 2.43/2.434
1 Both correct for the mark. Allow 3 or 4 s.f. only.
2.92/2.924

(ii) Each correct point (1) best fit line (1) 3 Vertically above minor division gridline and not above half-way
between minor divisions. Allow e.c.f. from (i).
Judge best fit line by eye.
2 2
(iii) v  gd  v  gd (so v against d has gradient g ) 1 Rearranged equation is enough for the mark.
(iv) Gradient from graph calculated (1)m (1) e 2 Accept values from 9.3 to 10.3 m s-2
(d) (i) 3 % (1) 1 Allow 3.3% or any number of sf

(ii) percentage/fractional uncertainty in t is significantly 1

greater than in L or d (1)

(iii) v = 2×0.62 m/(0.7+ 0.2) s = 1.38 m s-1(1) Independent marking point. Allow ecf from v to calculate g.
e.g. only considering a single journey (omission of the 2) gives
g = v2/d = (1.38 m s-1)2/0.30 m = 6.3 m s-2 (1) 3 g = 1.582 m s-2, leading to an uncertainty of 85%
% uncertainty = (10.5 m s-2-6.3 m s-2 )×100/10.5 m s-2 Must use 0.30 m in calculation of g.
= 40% (1) 1 or 2 s.f. only (correct % uncertainty = 40% to 1 or 2 s.f.)
Total: 15

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G492 Mark Scheme June 2011
Qn Expected Answers Marks Additional guidance
14 (a) Many uncontrolled variables owtte (1) 1 Can quote e.g. ‘may have different size/widths’
(b) (i) test for tyre 2 of type A (1) 1 Accept either way round 2 A or A 2

(ii) All values (significantly) > other two tests 1

(iii) Allow any reasoned suggestion; one mark for possible 2 e.g. pressed harder onto rollers(1)
cause, one for explanation giving right direction so friction increased (1) e.g. fault in inflation pressure meter
(1) causing it to read too low (1) / systematic error in time
taken to stop the wheel (1) giving time values too short (1)
(c) (i) variation is in 3rd s.f./uncertainty is about 0.01 N (1); 1st mark for appreciation that the variation in a test is in the
2 s.f. would lose significant information/4 s.f. not justified last figure quoted; 2nd mark for justifying this.
as you should round to the size of the uncertainty (1) 2

(ii) (significantly)> test 1 or test 2 (1); 2

does not fit data trend down the column (1) Can credit the idea of it being an outlier with reference to the
other values horizontally (1) and vertically (1)
(d) Type B at 80Ncm-2(high pressure) (1)
because the (rolling) friction is lower (1) 2

Total: 11

5
G492 Mark Scheme June 2011
Qn Expected Answers Marks Additional guidance
15 (a) Assumption that the Sun’s rays are parallel (1); Any four points.
Knew angle was 0° at Syene (1); Or Sun directly overhead
deduced 7° latitude difference between Syene &
Alexandria owtte (1);
knew time to travel at known speed from S to A (1); 4
deduced distance from speed or time of travel (1);
QWC is ‘select and use a form and style of writing
use of 700 stadia per degree/realised distance was
appropriate to purpose and to complex subject matter’; 4th
7/360 of circumference of Earth (1);
mark would not be awarded if the story is not clearly
calculation 4900 ×360/7 = 252 000 stadia (1) conveyed. Allow bulleted lists.
(b) Any reasonable disadvantage related to lack of E.g. differences in terrain or weather conditions or day length
repeatability/consistency (1) 1 will affect speed of caravan.

(c) (i) 160 m (1) 180 m (1) 2 Penalise one mark for > 2sf. Penalise one mark for max and
min values in wrong place
(ii) max = 4900×170 m× (360°/6°) = 50 000 000 m
(49 980 000 m) (1)
min = 4900×170 m× (360°/8°) = 37 500 000 m 3
(37 485 000 m)(1)
Comparison with 40 010 000 m. (1) Third mark is independent of first two marks.

(iii) (angle) 1° in 7° = 14%/ (stadion) 5% is 1 in 20 (1) 1st mark for comparing uncertainties in angle and stadion; 2nd
angle is a far greater source of uncertainty (1) 2 for conclusion
(d) True distance is less than the one he used (1); Accept either approach
so the final circumference is too big (1) (ecf);
2
Estimate uncertainty from the diagram 5-8% (1)
Uncertainty in much less than uncertainty in angle,
so will have less effect on the calculated value (1)
Total: 14
Section C total: 40

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