Kakori Conspiracy

KAKORI
CONSPIRACY
BACKGROUND: Year was 1920 when M.K GANDHI started the “NON –
COOPERATION” movement to oust the colonial rule form India. But two years
later in 1922 when the “Chauri-Chaura” incident took place M.K GANDHI called
off the “Non-Cooperation” movement at the national level. What happened was
that some of the followers of “Non-Cooperation” movement organised a peaceful
protest at Chauri-Chaura in the Gorakhpur District of Uttar Pradesh, in front of a
police station. In order to break off the protest one of the policemen fired at the
crowd, this enraged the demonstrators. In retaliation the demonstrators
attacked and set the police station on fire, killing all its occupants. This
incident led to the death of three civilian’s and 22 policemen. M.K Gandhi who
was a firm believer of “Ahimsa” was deeply impacted by this incident in
Chauri-Chaura and called off the non-cooperation movement on 12 th, Feb
1922.
The calling off, of the Non-Cooperation movement gravely dissatisfied

many people within the country particularly the youth. Discontent with the
calling off, of the Non-Cooperation movement, some young revolutionary’s of
the Non-Cooperation movement like Ram Prasad Bismil, Ashfaqulla Khan,
Sachindra Nath Bakshi and Sachindranath Sanyal founded the Hindusthan
Republican Association in 1924. Which after 1928, became Hindusthan
Socialist Republican Association, this association was created to carry out
revolutionary activities against the British Empire in India. This group’s
ideology was lucid; they believed that violence meted out against the Indians
by the Britisher’s should be met with violence. Till 1925, this group indulged
in many activities that would challenge the might of British raj in India, and
give them an explicit message that the youth of this country is now against
their tyranny and would go to any extent to expel them out. During the
formative years of the HRA (Hindusthan Republican Association) the
association would only loot rich people, but this created a stigma around HRA,
as people started considering the revolutionaries of HRA, bunch of dacoits
with no morals. To change people’s perception about them, they planned to
loot the British treasury. Their motive behind this was to, gain funds for the
HRA by taking money from the British administration through force and
create a positive image of the HRA among native Indians by attacking a high-
profile British government target with minimum collateral damage.
On 8th of August,1925 HRA called a meeting and after many discussions

they decided to rob the British governments treasury form a train. This
incident came to be known a Kakori train conspiracy or Kakori “kand”.
KAKORI TRAIN ROBBERY:-

On 9th of August,1925 a group of Indian revolutionaries affiliated to the
HRA(Hindustan Republican Association) which included Chandrashekhar
Azad, Ashfaq Ullah Khan, Ram Prasad Bismil , Rajendra Lahiri, Roshan Singh ,
Manmathnath Gupta, Sachindranath Gupta, Banwari Lal , Murari Lal Gupta
robbed the British government treasury loaded on a passenger train at Kakori
railway station ,40 kilometers away from Lucknow. The train was travelling
from Saharanpur to Lucknow. The revolutionaries, boarded the train as
regular passenger and after taking their seats, one of the revolutionary
abruptly pulled the chain and stopped the train. After stopping the train the
revolutionaries looted the British treasury loaded on the passenger train’s ,
they took Rs.8000 from the guard cabin. As the robbery was completed they
ran away, this entire incident was conducted with the help of four mauser
pistols. Though no passengers were targeted by the revolutionaries, one
passenger named Ahmed Ali was killed in the crossfire between the guards
and revolutionaries. This made it a manslaughter case.
This incident was an open challenge to the might of the British
empire and the British administration was livid, as this incident gravely
tarnished their reputation and were dead set on finding the perpetrators. The
money that the HRA’s revolutionaries looted was the money that was extorted
form the Indians by the British government. This incident changed the public
opinion about the revolutionaries of HRA and painted a positive image about
them in the minds of general public.
AFTERMATH:- The British rulers and their henchman being indignant

after this incident branded these revolutionaries as terrorists, who were hot
headed adventure loving young men indulging in robberies form buying guns
in order to create anarchy. However, the truth was that this revolutionary
group seized the government treasury for publishing Socialist Literature to be
circulated among youth, peasantry and workers so that they were politicized
and join the anti-colonial struggle.
The British administration grew desperate and launched a

manhunt to arrest the revolutionaries. After the revolutionaries were caught
and they were put on trail and after 10 months of court proceedings the
verdict finally came out in 6th of April,1927. In this Kakori Conspiracy case
four revolutionaries namely Ram Prasad Bismil, Ashfaqullah Khan, Thakur
Roshan Singh, Rajendra Nath Lahiri were awarded death sentences.
Ramprasad Bismil was hanged in Gorakhpur, Ashfaqullah Khan in Faziabad,
Rajindra Nath Lahiri in Gonda and Roshan Singh in Allahabad between
December 17-9, 1927.Whereas, Sachindanath Sanyal and Manmathnath Gupta
were deported to jail for 14 years. Leaving Chandrasekhar Azad who could not
be captured, he reorganized the HRA and ran the organization till 1931.He
shot himself after being grievously injured and down to his last bullet at
Chandrasekhar Azad park (then known as Alfred park) in a shootout with the
police 27th of February,1931.

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KAKORI

The calling off, of the Non-Cooperation movement gravely dissatisfied

On 8th of August,1925 HRA called a meeting and after many discussions

KAKORI TRAIN ROBBERY:-

AFTERMATH:- The British rulers and their henchman being indignant

The British administration grew desperate and launched a

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