Waves and Optics

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Alig Wilfredo Jr.

R BSEd SCIE 2-b

Waves and optics

Waves and optics is a fascinating field of science that is responsible in laying the
fundamental concepts about how lights operate and how it interacts in very thing that is
made up of matter, in other words everything around us. wave and optics explore and
understand energy and matters, in waves we will understand that waves caries energy.
The energy is transferred in waves through vibrations of particles this means that when
we speak we are producing waves and those waves have different parts such as the crest
which is the highest point of Wave, through the lowest region of the wave, wavelength
which is the distance between two adjacent through or crest, which is basically the
distance between the highest point of the wave and or the distance between the lowest
point of the wave to be precise, then there’s amplitude the maximum displacement of a
vibrating particle on either side of normal position when the wave passes.
In other words, when explaining the amplitude of the wave imagine a line in the middle,
that is the resting place of the wave now here comes the wave which moves in wave like
motion or up and down motion. The amplitude is the height or depth of that wave from
the lines or the resting point of a wave, that is amplitude. Then there is frequency which
is the number of waves that passes a particular point every one second, if the amount of
waves that passes in that particular point in a second is fast then the frequency of that
wave is high and if its slower then its low frequency. An example of high and low
frequency in terms of sound is a beat of a drum compared to a sound of xylophone, the
lower the tune or sound of an object the slower the frequency of its wave and the higher
the pitch of an object is the faster the frequency of that wave. Now in the other hand
optics is the branch of physics that deals with the behavior of light and its interaction
with matter.
One of the key concepts in optics is the wave-particle duality of light. Which stated that
light behaves in both waves and particles. Wave is an energy and does not have mass
while particle is part of a matter which then can be seen or part of any tangible things in
this world, and it has mass well except photons which is an electric fields traveling
through spaces, it has no charge, no resting mass and travels at the speed of light, but
photons is a particle. It may seem confusing because particle is a smallest part of matter
but photons is not considered as matter because it doesn’t have mass but it is a particle
though. This characteristics of photons affects the duality of light in which wave and
optics will discuss.
There was an experiment called the double slit experiment by Thomas Young in which
he shines a light on to a metal sheet with two small slits the light creates an interference
pattern on the wall thus proving that light travels as a wave and not a particle, this
oppose Einstein’s view in light in which he says that light is a particle.

Then there was an another experiment where photons are shoot one at a time, and again
it creates an interference but when they put a detector to observes the photons behavior,
the photons behave like a particle again. this behaviors of photons baffled the scientists
thus concluding that light behaves as both waves and particles. In waves and optics, the
students will learn about various phenomena such as polarization, diffraction,
interference and other occurrences.

References:
https://byjus.com/jee/wave-optics/
https://www.discovery.com/science/Double-Slit-Experiment
https://study.com/academy/lesson/waves-components-types-parameters.html

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