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1 Water is an important substance for plants.

State the name of the cells where water enters a plant.

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[Total: 1]
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2 In an investigation, the uptake of water into a plant and the loss of water from the same plant were
measured.

Measurements were taken over an 18-hour period.

The results are shown in the graph.

Use the information in the graph to state the rate of water uptake at 12:00 (midday).

..................................... g per hour [1]

[Total: 1]
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3 In an investigation, the uptake of water into a plant and the loss of water from the same plant were
measured.

Measurements were taken over an 18-hour period.

The results are shown in the graph.

Use the information in the graph to state the time when the water uptake was 10 g per hour.

....................................................... [1]

[Total: 1]
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4 In an investigation, the uptake of water into a plant and the loss of water from the same plant were
measured.

Measurements were taken over an 18-hour period.

The results are shown in the graph.

Use the information in the graph to state one time during the day when the water uptake and the
water loss were equal.

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[Total: 1]
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5 The diagram shows a section through a plant root.

The X on the diagram represents a molecule of water.

On the diagram, draw a line from the X to show the pathway this water molecule takes to pass into
the tissue that transfers it to the leaves. [1]

[Total: 1]

6 State the name of the plant tissue that transports water from the roots to the leaves.

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[Total: 1]

7 Scientists investigated the effect of cuticle thickness on water loss from the leaves of the balsam
fir tree, Abies balsamea.

The leaves were divided into three groups:

A - thick cuticle
B - medium cuticle
C - thin cuticle

Samples of leaves from each group were weighed. The leaves were placed on a tray in dry air at
20 °C. The samples of leaves were reweighed, at intervals, over 15 hours.

The scientists calculated the mass of each sample of leaves as a percentage of the initial mass.
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The graph shows the results.

(a) Describe and explain the results shown on the graph.

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(b) The investigation was repeated on a day when the air humidity was higher.

Suggest and explain the affect that this would have on the results.

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[Total: 8]

8 Water is a very important molecule for all living organisms.

State the name of the organ in plants where most water is absorbed.

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[Total: 1]
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9 Scientists wanted to determine the flow-rate of water in roots.

They measured the flow-rate in three zones of onion roots as shown in the diagram.

They measured the flow-rate in healthy roots and roots that had been treated with a toxic solution.

Their results are shown in the table.

zone in the average flow-rate of water / arbitrary units

diagram healthy roots treated roots

1 150 160

2 230 200

3 280 270

Calculate the percentage increase in the average flow-rate between zone 1 and 3 for healthy roots.

Give your answer to two significant figures.

Show your working.

........................... % [2]

[Total: 2]
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10 The photomicrograph shows a section of a root.

Describe the pathway of water from outside the root to the xylem vessels (J) at the centre of the
root. Use the letters in the photomicrograph in your answer.

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[Total: 5]
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11 Scientists wanted to determine the flow-rate of water in roots.

They measured the flow-rate in three zones of onion roots as shown in the diagram.

They measured the flow-rate in healthy roots and roots that had been treated with a toxic solution.

Their results are shown in the table.

average flow-rate of water / arbitrary units

zone in diagram
healthy roots treated roots

1 150 160

2 230 200

3 280 270

Suggest why there was little difference in the flow-rate in healthy roots and in roots treated with the
toxic solution.

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[Total: 2]
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12 Scientists wanted to determine the flow-rate of water in roots.

They measured the flow-rate in three zones of onion roots as shown in the diagram.

They measured the flow-rate in healthy roots and roots that had been treated with a toxic solution.

Their results are shown in the table.

zone in average flow-rate of water / arbitrary units

diagram healthy roots treated roots

1 150 160

2 230 200

3 280 270

The scientists observed that the xylem vessels nearer the root tip were narrower than the xylem
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vessels higher up the root.

Describe how the width of xylem vessels in different zones of a root affects the average flow-rate
of water. Use the information in the table in your answer.

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[Total: 3]

13 Describe the pathway water takes in a plant, as it moves from the soil to a leaf.

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[Total: 4]
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14 Water is required for the process of photosynthesis.

Describe where and how water enters a plant.

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[Total: 3]

15 State the name of the tissue in a plant that transports water.

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[Total: 1]
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16 The boxes on the left describe processes carried out by cells.

The boxes on the right contain the names of the cells that carry out these processes.

Draw one straight line from each box on the left to a box on the right to link the process to the cell
type.

Draw six lines.

An example has been done for you.

[6]

[Total: 6]
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17 The diagram below shows different plant cells A, B, C, D, and E.

waxy layer

A
B
C

E
D
not drawn to scale

Explain how the structures of cells A and E are related to their functions.

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[Total: 4]
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18 The diagram below shows different plant cells A, B, C, D, and E.

waxy layer

A
B
C

E
D
not drawn to scale

The diagram below shows a plant.

Use the letters A, B, C, D, and E from the diagram above to show where these cells would be found
on the plant shown in the diagram below.

Write each of the letters in the appropriate box. One box will be left blank.

[5]

[Total: 5]