Chem mcqs test 5.

1 Compound X is an organic compound that contains 30.6% carbon, 3.8% hydrogen, 20.4%
oxygen and 45.2% chlorine by mass.

What is the empirical formula of X?

A C2H3OCl B C2H4OCl C C3H4OCl D C4H3O2Cl 2

2 A sample of propane, C3H8, with a mass of 9.61 g is completely combusted in an excess of

oxygen under room conditions.

Which volume of carbon dioxide gas is produced?

A 4.89 dm3 B 5.24 dm3 C 14.7 dm3 D 15.7 dm3

3 Which atom has the same number of electrons as an ammonium ion?

A Mg B Na C Ne D O

4 Ethanal reacts with hydroxylamine, NH2OH, to form the molecule shown.

H H
y z

H C C N O H
x
H

What is the order of increasing bond angle in this structure from smallest to largest?

A z, x, y B y, z, x C x, z, y D z, y, x
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5 Descriptions of the bonding in three substances are given.

substance 1 strong covalent bonds between atoms, permanent dipole-dipole

attractions between molecules
substance 2 strong covalent bonds between atoms, weak forces between molecules
substance 3 strong covalent bonds between atoms, hydrogen bonding between
molecules

Which compounds could be substances 1, 2 and 3?

substance 1 substance 2 substance 3

A CH3OH Al 2Cl 6 CH2Cl 2

B Al 2Cl 6 CH2Cl 2 CH4
C CH2Cl 2 CH4 CH3OH
D CH4 CH3OH H2O

6 Which type of bonding is never found in elements?

A covalent
B ionic
C metallic
D van der Waals’ forces

7 Using the information in the table, what is the enthalpy change, q, for the reaction described?

Cs+(g) + Br –(g)  CsBr(s) ∆H = q kJ mol–1

standard value
enthalpy change / kJ mol–1
H o CsBr(s) +25.9
sol

H o
Cs+(g) –276
hyd

H hyd
o
Br –(g) –335

A –636.9 B –585.1 C +585.1 D +636.9

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8 Which enthalpy change is indicated by X in the enthalpy cycle shown?

C(s) + 2H2(g) + 2O2(g)

CH4(g) CO2(g) + X

CH4(g)
CH4(g) + 2O2(g) CO2(g) + 2H2O(l)

A – 4  the enthalpy of combustion of hydrogen

B + 4  the enthalpy of combustion of hydrogen

C – 2  the enthalpy of formation of water

D + 2  the enthalpy of formation of water

9 Copper dissolves in dilute nitric acid producing a blue solution of Cu(NO3)2, water and
nitrogen(II) oxide as the only products.

How many moles of acid react with three moles of copper in the balanced equation?

A 2 B 4 C 6 D 8

10 Nitrogen reacts with hydrogen to produce ammonia.

N2(g) + 3H2(g) 2NH3(g)

A mixture of 2.00 mol of nitrogen, 6.00 mol of hydrogen and 2.40 mol of ammonia is allowed to
reach equilibrium in a sealed vessel of volume 1 dm3. It is found that 2.32 mol of nitrogen were
present in the equilibrium mixture.

Which expression will give the value of Kc?

(1.76)2
A
(2.32)(6.96)3

(1.76)2
B
(2.32)(6.32)3

(2.08)2
C
(2.32)(6.32)3

(2.40)2
D
(2.32)(6.00)3
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11 Nitric acid is produced by oxidising ammonia. The first step is to react ammonia with oxygen in
the presence of a catalyst to form nitrogen monoxide.

4NH3(g) + 5O2(g) 4NO(g) + 6H2O(g) H = –1636 kJ mol–1

Which set of conditions will produce the greatest yield of nitrogen monoxide at equilibrium?

temperature pressure

A high high
B high low
C low high
D low low

12 The height of the peak of the curve in a Boltzmann distribution represents the number of
molecules that have the most probable energy.

A sample of gas has its temperature decreased without changing the number of molecules
present.

Which statement correctly describes a feature of the Boltzmann distribution for the gas when the
temperature decreases?

A The value of the most probable energy would stay the same.
B The number of molecules with the most probable energy would increase.
C The area under the molecular energy distribution curve would decrease.
D The number of molecules at the very high energy end of the distribution would stay the
same.

13 Ammonia exists as simple covalent molecules, NH3. Ammonia can react with suitable reagents to
form products containing ammonium ions, NH4+. Ammonia can also react with suitable reagents
to form products containing amide ions, NH2–.

Which of these nitrogen-containing species are present in an aqueous solution of ammonia?

A ammonia molecules and amide ions

B ammonia molecules and ammonium ions
C ammonia molecules only
D ammonium ions only
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14 Which problem can result if too much NH4NO3 is applied to crops by farmers?

A Not all the NH4NO3 is used by plants and the excess makes the soil alkaline.
B Rain washes some of the NH4NO3 into rivers where it forms a precipitate.
C Some of the NH4NO3 dissolves in groundwater which may eventually be used for drinking.
D Ammonia is produced; this lowers the pH of the soil.

15 When descending Group 17 from chlorine to iodine, which statement is correct?

A The hydrides become less thermally stable as they become weaker reducing agents.
B The hydrides become more thermally stable as the reactivity of the elements decreases.
C The volatility of the elements decreases as the van der Waals’ forces increase.
D The volatility of the elements increases as the size of the molecules increases.

16 A powder is known to be either a single sodium halide or a mixture of two sodium halides.
A sample of the powder was dissolved in water.

Aqueous silver nitrate was added, and a pale yellow precipitate was formed. When concentrated
aqueous ammonia was then added, this precipitate partly dissolved leaving a darker yellow
precipitate.

What could the powder be?

A sodium bromide only

B sodium iodide only
C a mixture of sodium chloride and sodium bromide
D a mixture of sodium chloride and sodium iodide

17 Which statement is correct?

A Doctors can use the very insoluble MgSO4 to investigate the digestive system.
B Farmers can lower the pH of soil by spreading CaCO3 on it.
C Students can test a solution for SO42– ions by using Ba(NO3)2(aq) followed by HNO3(aq).
D The insoluble hydroxide, Ba(OH)2, can be safely used to lower the acidity of the stomach.
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18 A solid, X, was placed in an excess of the liquid Y.

A colourless gas was given off and a white precipitate was seen. The precipitate was not X.

What could be the identities of X and Y?

X Y

A BaCO3 H2O
B Ca dilute H2SO4
C Mg dilute H2SO4
D SrCO3 dilute HCl

19 Two oxides of Period 3 elements are added separately to water. Both react to form colourless
solutions. One solution is alkaline, the other is acidic.

What could be the two oxides?

A Al 2O3 and SiO2

B Al 2O3 and P4O10
C Na2O and P4O10
D Na2O and SiO2

20 Which compound shows stereoisomerism?

A 2-methylbut-2-ene
B 2-chloropropan-1-ol
C difluorochlorobromomethane
D pent-1-ene

21 Two carbon-containing products result from the reaction of alkene Z with a hot, concentrated,
acidified solution of potassium manganate(VII).

One product forms an orange precipitate with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine reagent. The other
product is a gas which gives a white precipitate with aqueous calcium hydroxide.

Which alkene could be alkene Z?

A but-2-ene
B 2-methylpropene
C 2-methylbut-2-ene
D propene
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22 What is the correct mechanism for the addition of hydrogen bromide to ethene?

H H H H H H

A C C H C C+ H C C Br
H–
H H Br H H H
Br
+

H
–

H H H H H H

B C C H C C+ H C C Br
Br–
H H H H H H
H
+

Br 
–

H H H H H H

C C C H C C+ H C C Br
H–
H H Br H H H
Br
+

H
–

H H H H H H

D C C H C C+ H C C Br
–
Br
H H H H H H
H
+

Br 
–

23 Halogenoalkanes react with nucleophiles such as OH–.

Which pair of halogenoalkanes both react via an SN1 mechanism?

A B
Br Cl
and and Cl
Br

C D
Br
and and
Br Cl Br
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24 A mixture of ethanol and methanol is burned in oxygen to produce 35 cm3 of CO2 and 55 cm3 of
H2O.

Complete combustion occurs and the volumes of both products are measured at 101 kPa and
120 C.

What is the molar ratio, ethanol : methanol, in the mixture?

A 1:3 B 2:3 C 3:2 D 3:1

25 Two reactions are shown. Only one product is identified in each reaction.

ethanol + acidified Cr2O7 2–  ethanal

ethanol + sodium  sodium ethoxide

Which statement about these reactions is correct?

A The formations of both ethanal and sodium ethoxide are redox reactions.
B The formations of both ethanal and sodium ethoxide result in colour changes.
C The formation of ethanal is catalysed by potassium dichromate.
D The formation of sodium ethoxide is a dehydration reaction.

26 The skeletal formulae of three compounds are shown.

R S T

OH O

O O O

Which compounds will give a positive test with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine reagent?

A R only B R and S only C S and T only D R, S and T

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27 The diagram shows the structure of a compound formed by the reaction of HCN with a carbonyl
compound, X.

C4H9

H3C C CN

OH

What is the mechanism of this reaction and what is the functional group in X?

mechanism of reaction functional group in X

A electrophilic addition aldehyde

B electrophilic addition ketone
C nucleophilic addition aldehyde
D nucleophilic addition ketone

28 Compound Y is treated with a single reagent under suitable conditions. 2-methylbutanoic acid is
produced.

What could compound Y be?

A pentan-2-one
B 2-methylbutan-2-ol
C 2-methylbutanenitrile
D methylpropanenitrile

29 Two reactions are shown.

LiAl H4
(CH3)2CHCO2H alcohol P

hydrolysis
CH3CO2CH(CH3)2 alcohol Q + acid R

To which classes of alcohol do P and Q belong?

P Q

A primary primary
B primary secondary
C secondary primary
D secondary secondary
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30 The infra-red spectrum of molecule Z is shown.

100

transmittance / %
50

0
4000 3000 2000 1500 1000 500
 wavenumber / cm–1

What could be the identity of Z?

A B
HO OH
O O
HO O O O

C D

O O
O O O O