REPUBLIC OF ZAMBIA

MINISTRY OF GENERAL EDUCATION

SOUTHERN PROVINCE

HISTORY COMMON SCHEMES OF WORK to be done

GRADE TEN (10) WORK: HISTORY OF SOUTHERN AFRICA
GRADE 10 TERM ONE (1)
WEEK TOPIC SUB-TOPIC (CONTENT) SPECIFIC OUTCOMES SUGGESTED REFERENCES
METHODS/AIDS
1. INTRODUCTION TO Overview of the Syllabus i. Outline the components  Elicitation  Curriculum
HISTORY  Components/Parts of the of the History syllabus.  Question & Development Centre.
syllabus ii. Discuss the major themes Answer (2013). Grade 10-12
 Class History Syllabus.
 Major themes in the syllabus in the History syllabus.
Discussion
 General outcomes and key iii. State and explain the  Illustration
competencies of the syllabus general outcomes and key  Teacher
The History Examination Papers competencies of the Exposition
syllabus. Past exam
 Overview iv. Illustrate and discuss the question
 Layout two History exam papers. papers

2. THE STUDY OF  Definition of History i. Define History and trace  Needham, D.E. et al
HISTORY  Ways of learning History its origins as a discipline  Question & (1988). From Iron Age to
 Oral traditions of study. Answer Independence: A History of
 Discussion
 Written records ii. State and explain the Central Africa.
 Teacher
 Anthropology sources of history and Exposition  Dasgupta, K.K. (1990). In
 Archaeology assess the strengths and  Illustration Search of the Central

1
  Linguistics weakness of each source. African Past.
 Genetics iii. Demonstrate the  Fagan, B.M. (1967). Iron
 Time and dates in History importance of time Age Cultures in Zambia.
 Chronology (chronology and  Any other relevant material
 periodization periodization) and dates that deal with the specific
 Dating historical (ancient) in History. outcomes
remains iv. Explain the methods used
 Benefits of learning History to date ancient remains.
v. State, discuss and explain
the importance of
learning History.
3. Introduction to the Geographical setting of Southern Africa i. State the countries that  Teacher  G. Haantobolo: Senior
History of Southern make up southern Africa. Exposition Secondary History for
Africa  Countries that make up southern ii. Describe the physical and  Question & Central and Southern
Africa climatic conditions of Answer
Africa.
 Physical and climatic features of southern Africa.  Map study
iii. Draw the map of southern  N.E. Davis. A History of
southern Africa Southern Africa.
Africa.
 Settlement distribution of the  Any other relevant material
iv. Analyse the influence of
inhabitants of southern Africa: physical and climatic that deal with the specific
the San, Khoikhoi, Bantu, Dutch features on the settlement outcomes
and British distribution.
4. Indigenous The San (Bushmen) i. Describe the physical and  Picture  G. Haantobolo: Senior
Communities of language features of the Study Secondary History for
Southern Africa  Physical features San.  Question & Central and Southern
 Way of life ii. Discuss the socio- Answer Africa.
 Social and political organisation economic, religious and  Illustration
political organisation of  N.E Davis. A History of
 Religious structure  Discussion Southern Africa.
the San.
 Economic organisation  Teacher  Any other relevant material
Assessment  Assessment Test Exposition that deal with the specific
outcomes

2
5. Indigenous peoples of The Khoi-khoi (Hottentots) i. Describe the physical  Question &  G. Haantobolo: Senior
Southern Africa features of the Khoikhoi. Answer Secondary History for
 Physical appearance ii. Discuss the socio-  Teacher Central and Southern
 Way of life economic, religious and Exposition Africa.
 Political structure political organisation of
the Khoikhoi.  Discussion  N.E Davis. A History of
 Social organisation Southern Africa.
iii. Compare and contrast the  Picture
 Economic structure study  Any other relevant
San and the Khoikhoi.
 Religious practices materialsthat deal with the
 Relationship between the San specific outcomes
and the Khoikhoi.
6. Indigenous peoples of The Bantu i. Describe the movements  Document  G. Haantobolo: Senior
Southern Africa of Bantu speaking people Study Secondary History for
 Migrations into Southern Africa into southern Africa and  Question & Central and Southern
 Settlement distribution their settlement patterns. Answer Africa.
 Way of life ii. Discuss the socio-  Discussion
economic, religious and  N.E Davis. A History of
 Political structure  Teacher Southern Africa.
political organisation of
 Social organisation Exposition  Any other relevant
the Bantu.
 Economic structure iii. Compare and contrast the materials that deal with the
 Religious practices Bantu and the Khoisan. specific outcomes
 Relationship between the Bantu
and the Khoisan
7.
MID-TERM EXAMINATION

8. Indigenous peoples of The Nguni Speaking Peoples in the i. Identify and discuss the  Question &  G. Haantobolo: Senior
Southern Africa Eastern Wing kingdoms established in Answer Secondary History for
 The Ngwane of the eastern and western  Discussion Central and Southern
wings of Southern Africa.  Teacher
Sobhuza Africa.
ii. State and discuss the Exposition
 Dingiswayo’sMthethwa effects and results of the  N.E Davis. A History of
 The Ndwadwe of settlement of the Bantuin Southern Africa.
Zwide southern Africa.  Any other relevant

3
  The Basuto materials that deal with
 The Shangawe the specific outcomes
 The Kololo
The Bantu Groups in the Western Wing
 The Ambo
 The Herero

9. European Settler The Portuguese i. Describe the European  Question &

Communities search for a sea route to Answer  G. Haantobolo: Senior
 Arrival at the Cape the Far East and the  Elicitation Secondary History for
arrival of European  Teacher Central and Southern
The Dutch settlers at the Cape. Africa.
Exposition
ii. Discuss the formation of  Discussion  N.E Davis. A History of
 Arrival at the Cape the U.D.E.I.C. and its role Southern Africa.
 Reasons for settling at the Cape in the Dutch settlement at  Map study  Any other relevant
 Activities at the Cape the Cape. materials that deal with
 Agriculture iii. Describe the arrival of the the specific outcomes
 Ranching Dutch at the Cape.
iv. Discuss the Dutch
 Social life activities and way of life
 Religion at the Cape and how these
affected Africans.

10. European Settler Dutch challenges at the Cape i. Discuss the challenges the  Document  G. Haantobolo: Senior
Communities Dutch faced at the Cape. Study Secondary History for
 Land and labour shortages ii. Describe the Dutch-San  Discussion Central and Southern
 Limited markets for produce conflicts over hunting  Teacher Africa.
 Financial challenges grounds. Exposition  N.E Davis. A History of
 Growth of racial prejudice iii. Describe the Dutch- Southern Africa.
Khoikhoi conflicts over  Any other relevant
The Dutch in the Interior grazing land. materials that deal with
iv. State and explain the the specific outcomes
 Dutch relations with the San and Kaffir wars.
the Khoikhoi

4
  Hunting grounds issues –
the San
 Grazing land issues –the
Khoikhoi
 Dutch relations with the Bantu
 The Kaffir wars
11. European Settler The British i. Describe the first British
Communities occupation of the Cape.  Question &  G. Haantobolo: Senior
 First occupation of the Cape: ii. State the reasons for the Answer Secondary History for
1795 second occupation of the  Discussion Central and Southern
 Second occupation of the Cape: Cape by the British.  Teacher Africa.
1806 iii. Discuss the reforms Exposition  N.E Davis. A History of
introduced by the British Southern Africa.
 British reforms at the
during the second  Any other relevant
Cape occupation of the Cape. materials that deal with
 The British and the Dutch iv. Explain the conflicting the specific outcomes
political and economic
interests between the
British and the Dutch.
12 & 13 Assessment  End of Term Examinations i. Assess and evaluate the  Examining  Examinations Syllabus.
effectiveness of the  Past Examinations
coverage of the syllabus. Question Papers.

GRADE 10 TERM TWO (2)

WEEK TOPIC SUB-TOPIC (CONTENT) SPECIFIC OUTCOMES SUGGESTED REFERENCES

METHODS/AIDS
1. Map work  A close look at map-based exam i. Look for and  Elicitation  G. Haantobolo:
questions identify clues in  Question & Senior Secondary
 Tips on how to handle map work map-based Answer History for
questions.  Class Discussion Central and
questions
ii. Define the great  Illustration Southern Africa.
 Teacher Exposition  N.E Davis. A

5
 The Great Trek  Definition trek. Past Exams History of
 Characteristics of the trekkers iii. Discuss the features Question Papers Southern Africa.
of the trekkers.  Any other
relevant
materials that
deal with the
specific outcomes
2. The Great Trek  Causes of the Great Trek i. State and explain the  G. Haantobolo:
long-term and short-  Question & Senior Secondary
 Long-term term causes of the Answer History for
 Short-term  Discussion Central and
Great Trek.
 Teacher Exposition Southern Africa.
 Course of the Great Trek ii. Discuss the  Group discussion  N.E Davis. A
organization of the History of
 Organisation of trekkers trekkers. Southern Africa.
 Routes taken by various iii. Describe the course  Any other
groups of the great trek. relevant
materials that
deal with the
specific outcomes
3. The Great Trek  Results of the Great Trek i. Outline and explain  Teacher Exposition  G. Haantobolo:
the immediate and  Question & Senior Secondary
 Immediate results long-term results of Answer History for
the Great Trek.  Role-play Central and
 Long-term results ii. Assess the impact of Southern Africa.
the great trek on the  N.E Davis. A
 Effects of the great trek on African African population History of
communities in the interior in the interior. Southern Africa.
 Any other
relevant
materials that
deal with the
specific outcomes

4. The Boer in the  Creation of Boer states in the interior i. Discuss the events  Document Study  G. Haantobolo:

6
 Interior of  The Transvaal leading to the  Question & Senior Secondary
Southern Africa  The Orange Free State formation of the Answer History for
 Natal three Boer states:  Discussion Central and
 End of Topic Test Transvaal, Orange  Teacher Exposition Southern Africa.
Assessment Free State and Natal.  N.E Davis. A
ii. Assess the History of
effectiveness of the Southern Africa.
coverage of the  Any other
syllabus. relevant
materials that
deal with the
specific outcomes

5. The Mineral  Background i. Describethe  Map study  G. Haantobolo:

Revolution in  Discovery of diamonds: 1867 conditions in Boer  Question & Senior Secondary
Southern Africa  Claimants of the diamond fields republics before the Answer History for
 Resolution of diamond fields  Group Discussion Central and
mineral revolution.
claims  Teacher Exposition Southern Africa.
 Consequences of the discovery of ii. Discuss the  N.E Davis. A
diamonds discovery of  Discussion History of
 Social diamonds at Southern Africa.
 Economic Kimberley.  Any other
 Political iii. Listthe groups that relevant
claimed ownership materials that
deal with the
of the diamond
specific outcomes
fields and explain
how the claims were
resolved.
iv. Assess the
economic, political
and social
consequences of the
discovery of

7
 diamond.

6. The Mineral The first Anglo-Boer War: 1880 iii. Describe the first  Document Study  G. Haantobolo:
Revolution in  Causes Anglo-Boer war and  Question & Senior Secondary
Southern Africa  Results discuss its causes Answer History for
The Discovery of Gold at Transvaal and effects.  Discussion Central and
 Background iv. Discuss the  Teacher Exposition Southern Africa.
 results of the discovery of gold discovery of gold at  N.E Davis. A
 The Uitlanders problem Transvaal. History of
v. Explain the socio- Southern Africa.
economic and  Any other
political relevant
consequences of the materials that
discovery of gold in deal with the
southern Africa. specific outcomes
vi. Define the
Uitlanders and
explain the problems
brought about by
their presence.

7.
MID-TERM EXAMINATIONS

The Mineral The second Anglo-Boer war: 1899 i. Describe the second  Document study  G. Haantobolo:
Revolution in  Causes Anglo-Boer war and  Question & Senior Secondary
8. Southern Africa  Course discuss its causes, Answer History for
 Results course and results.  Discussion Central and
 Teacher Exposition Southern Africa.
 N.E Davis. A
History of
Southern Africa.
 Any other
relevant
materials that

8
 deal with the
specific outcomes
9. The Mfecane  Definition i. Define the Mfecane  Question &  G. Haantobolo:
 Causes and state and explain Answer Senior Secondary
 Course the factors that  Elicitation History for
 Teacher Exposition Central and
caused it.
 Discussion Southern Africa.
ii. Describe the course  N.E Davis. A
of the Mfecane  Map/Document History of
focusing key battles study Southern Africa.
like the Mhlathuze  Any other
and Blood river. relevant
materials that
deal with the
specific outcomes
10. The Mfecane Shaka and the Rise of the Zulu State i. Discuss Shaka’s  Document Study  G. Haantobolo:
background and  Discussion Senior Secondary
 Shaka’s background explain his rise to  Teacher Exposition History for
 Shaka’s rise to power and the power.
Central and
strengthening of the Zulu kingdom Southern Africa.
ii. Outline and explain  N.E Davis. A
 Shaka’s military, political and social the military, political History of
reforms and social reforms Southern Africa.
of Shaka in  Any other
Nguniland. relevant
materials that
deal with the
specific outcomes

11. The Mfecane The Zulu State after Shaka i. Discuss the  Map study
circumstances  Question &  G. Haantobolo:
 Shaka’s death leading to Shaka’s Answer Senior Secondary
 Dingane, Mphande, Cetawayo and assassination.  Discussion History for
Sekhukhunes’ reigns  Teacher Exposition Central and
ii. Describe the Zulu Southern Africa.

9
  The downfall of the Zulu state state after the death Sketch map of the  N.E Davis. A
 Effects of the Mfecane of Shaka Zulu. Balkan states History of
iii. Discuss the downfall Southern Africa.
of the Zulu state.  Any other
relevant
iv. State and explain materials that
empire resulting deal with the
from the Mfecane. specific outcomes
v. Assess both the
positive and
negative effects of
the Mfecane.

12 & Assessment  End Termof Examinations ii. Assess and evaluate  Examining  Examinations
13 the effectiveness of Syllabus.
the coverage of the  Past Examinations
syllabus. Question Papers.

10
 GRADE 10 TERM THREE (3)

WEEK TOPIC SUB-TOPIC (CONTENT) SPECIFIC SUGGESTED REFERENCES

OUTCOMES METHODS/AIDS
1. Picture Study  A close Look at picture-based questions i. Look for and  G. Haantobolo:
 Tips on how to handle questions centred identify clues  Question & Senior Secondary
on pictures in picture- Answer History for
based  Class Discussion Central and
 Background to the formation of the union questions.  Illustration Southern Africa.
The Union of South  How the union came into being ii. Describe the  Teacher  N.E Davis. A
Africa  What the unions Union of Exposition History of
South Africa  Learners’ Answer Southern Africa.
and explain Scripts for the End  Any other
how it came of Term 2 History relevant
into being. Exam materials that
deal with the
specific
outcomes
2. The Union of South  The 1902 Vereeniging Treaty i. Describe the  G. Haantobolo:
Africa  Terms of the treaty steps leading  Question & Senior Secondary
 Parties to the treaty to the Union Answer History for
 Document study
 Unification of states of South Central and
 Discussion
 Boer recognition of British authority Africa.  Teacher Southern Africa.
ii. Discuss Exposition  N.E Davis. A
circumstances  Group work History of
leading to the Southern Africa.
formation of  Any other
the union of relevant
South Africa. materials that
deal with the
iii. State the
specific
parties to the outcomes
Vereeniging
and discuss

11
 its terms

3. The Union of South  The 1908 Bloemfontein National Convention i. Discuss the  Teacher  G. Haantobolo:
Africa  Why held 1908 Exposition Senior Secondary
 Issues considered Bloemfontein  Question & History for
 Economic reconstruction national Answer Central and
 The Union Constitution convention. Southern Africa.
 Merits ii. Analyse the  N.E Davis. A
 Demerits terms/provisi History of
ons of the Southern Africa.
Union Act  Any other
and assess its relevant
merits and materials that
demerits. deal with the
specific
outcomes
4. South Africa from The Apartheid Policy i. Define and  Elicitation  G. Haantobolo:
1910 explain  Question & Senior Secondary
 Origins apartheid. Answer History for
 Main principles ii. State the  Discussion Central and
 Socio-economic formations in the apartheid era  Teacher Southern Africa.
origins and  N.E Davis. A
 Consequences discuss the Exposition
History of
main  Debate
Southern Africa.
principles of  Any other
apartheid. relevant
iii. Describe the materials that
deal with the
apartheid era
specific
socio- outcomes
economic
formations.
iv. Analyse the
consequences

12
 of apartheid
on indigenous
African
communities.
5. African Nationalism  Definition of nationalism i. Define  Question &  G. Haantobolo:
in South Africa  Factors that ignited nationalism nationalism Answer Senior Secondary
since 1910  Strategies employed by nationalists and explain  Group Discussion History for
 Teacher Central and
 Problems faced by African nationalist movements the reasons
Exposition Southern Africa.
 Successes and failures of nationalist movements leading to  N.E Davis. A
in South Africa African  Discussion History of
resistance to Southern Africa.
white  Any other
domination. relevant
ii. State and materials that
deal with the
explain the
specific
methods used outcomes
by nationalist
movements.
iii. Identify
problems
faced by
African
nationalist
movements in
South Africa.
iv. Assess the
successes and
failures by
African
movements in

13
 their
opposition to
apartheid.
6. The Struggle for Liberation Movements i. Describe the  Document Study  G. Haantobolo:
Majority Rule in ANC and the  Question & Senior Secondary
South Africa  The African National Congress (ANC) and the PAC and Answer History for
Pan-Africa Congress (PAC) outline the  Discussion Central and
 Methods used by African movements to methods they  Teacher Southern Africa.
press for a just socio-economic and used to press Exposition  N.E Davis. A
for a just History of
political order
socio- Southern Africa.
 Nelson Mandela and the struggle economic  Any other
 Background and early life order. relevant
 Political activism up his arrest ii. Discuss materials that
 Release from prison Nelson deal with the
Mandela and specific
highlight his outcomes
rule in
fighting for a
just socio-
economic and
political
order.

7. MID-TERM EXAMINATIONS

The Struggle for  Other key personalities in the struggle for i. Discuss the  Question &  G. Haantobolo:
Majority Rule in majority rule in South Africa role played Answer Senior Secondary
South Africa  Oliver Tambo by Oliver  Discussion History for
8.  Teacher Central and
 Chief Albert Luthuli Tambo,Golva
Exposition Southern Africa.
 Golvan Mbeki n Mbeki,  N.E Davis. A
 F.W. De Klerk Chief Luthuli, History of

14
  Desmond Tutu Desmond Southern Africa.
 The women Tutu F.W. De  Any other
Klerkand the relevant
women of materials that
deal with the
South Africa specific outcome
in the
struggle for
majority rule
in South
Africa.
ii. Describe the
process
leading to the
end of
Apartheid
and
introduction
of majority
rule.
9. Post-Independence i. Discuss the  Question &  G. Haantobolo:
South Africa socio- Answer Senior Secondary
 Socio-economic and political developments in economic and  Teacher History for
South Africa after 1994 Exposition Central and
political
 Desk research Southern Africa.
developments  N.E Davis. A
in post- History of
independence Southern Africa.
South Africa.  Any other
relevant materials
that deal with the
specific outcomes

15
10. The Liberation  Background i. Describe the  Document Study  G. Haantobolo:
Struggle in South  Liberation movements: SWAPO socio-  Class discussion Senior Secondary
West Africa  Key liberation leaders economic and  Teacher History for
political set Exposition Central and
(Namibia)  Liberation methods
up fostering  Demonstration Southern Africa.
 Path to independence the struggle  N.E Davis. A
 Post-independence era for History of
independence Southern Africa.
.  Any other
ii. Identify relevant
prominent materials that
liberation deal with the
leaders of specific
SWAPO and outcomes
assess their
role in
bringing
about
independence
.
iii. Discuss post-
independence
developments
in Namibia.
11. Overview/Summary Relationships between Indigenous Africans and the White i. List the main  Map study  G. Haantobolo:
of Southern African settlers occupants of  Question & Senior Secondary
History Southern Answer History for
 Master-servant relationships Africa and  Discussion Central and
 Appropriation of resources (land) and means of discuss how  Teacher Southern Africa.
production by Europeans settlers their Exposition  N.E Davis. A
economic History of
 Africans’ struggle to repossess land and means of
activities Southern Africa.
production influenced  Any other
 Land as the epitome of conflicts the areas of relevant
settlement. materials that

16
 ii. Describe the deal with the
socio- specific
economic outcomes
interactions
between
European
settlers and
indigenous
communities.
iii. Analyse how
different
interests
among
various
occupants of
Southern
Africa bred
conflicts.

12 & Assessment  End of Term Examinations i. Assess and  Examining  Examinations

13 evaluate the Syllabus.
effectiveness  Past
of the Examinations
coverage of Question Papers.
the syllabus.

NOTE: Always refer to the syllabus.

17
 REPUBLIC OF ZAMBIA

MINISTRY OF GENERAL EDUCATION

SOUTHERN PROVINCE

HISTORY COMMON SCHEMES OF WORK to be done

GRADE ELEVEN (11) WORK: WORLD HISTORY FROM 1870 TO THE PRESENT
GRADE 11 TERM ONE (1)
WEEK TOPIC SUB-TOPIC (CONTENT) SPECIFIC LEARNING SUGGESTED REFERENCES
OUTCOMES METHODS/AIDS
1. Introduction to  Scope of World History: 1870 to i. Map out the scope of  Map Study  Arnold, D. (1973).
World History Present World History.  Question & Britain, Europe and
 Major themes in World History ii. Give an outline of the Answer the World: 1871 –
 The World History Exam Paper major themes, key  Discussion 1971.
 Key European powers/blocks by outcomes as well as  Teacher Exposition  Kasoma, A.L.
1870 competencies for World Sketch map of (1992). Senior
 Britain, Germany (Prussia), France, History. Europe in 1870 Secondary World
Austria-Hungary, Russia, Turkey  Locate on the map of History.
(Ottoman Empire), the Balkans Europe the main  Snellgrove, L.E.
European powers by (1981). The
1870. Modern World
since 1870.
 Wood, D. This
Modern World.
 Any other
relevant material
addressing
learning outcomes

18
2. The Unification of  Background i. Describe the German  Teacher Exposition  Arnold, D. (1973).
Germany  Bismarck and the unification process confederation before  Question & Britain, Europe and
 Early attempts at unification 1871. Answer the World: 1871 –
 The three wars of unification ii. Explain the early attempts  Document study 1971.
 Birth of Germany at Germany unification.  Kasoma, A.L.
iii. Outline and explain the (1992). Senior
Secondary World
steps taken by Otto Von
History.
Bismarck to create a
 Snellgrove, L.E.
united Germany state. (1981). The
iv. Describe the birth of Modern World
Germany as a united since 1870.
nation.  Wood, D. This
Modern World.
 Any other
relevant material
addressing
learning outcomes
3. Bismarck’s Foreign  Nature and Aims i. State and explain the aims  Document Study  Arnold, D. (1973).
Policy  How Foreign Policy Aims were of Bismarck’s foreign  Question and Britain, Europe and
Met(Bismarck’s Alliances 1871 – policy. Answer the World: 1871 –
1887) ii. Describe and discuss the  Discussion 1971.
 The 1872 Dreikaiserbund alliances Bismarck  Teacher Exposition  Kasoma, A.L.
 The 1879 Dual Alliance entered into as he tried to (1992). Senior
Secondary World
 The Renewed Dreikaiserbund achieve his foreign policy
History.
 The 1882 Triple Alliance aims.
 Snellgrove, L.E.
 The 1887 Re-insurance Treaty (1981). The
Modern World
since 1870.
 Wood, D. This
Modern World.
 Any other
relevant material
addressing

19
 learning outcomes
4. Bismarck’s  Aims i. State and explain the aims  Question &  Arnold, D. (1973).
Domestic/Home  How home policy aims were of Bismarck’s home Answer Britain, Europe and
Policy achieved policy.  Group Discussion the World: 1871 –
ii. Describe how Bismarck  Teacher Exposition 1971.
 The Kulturkampf achieved each of his  Kasoma, A.L.
 The fight against socialists home policy aims.  Discussion (1992). Senior
 Prussianization of Germany iii. Explain why and how  Role play Secondary World
 The Triple laws and France managed to have History.
nationalization of key allies after Bismarck’s  Snellgrove, L.E.
industries resignation in 1890. (1981). The
 Bismarck’s Exit and why France was iv. Assess effectiveness of Modern World
able to have Allies after 1890 coverage of the syllabus. since 1870.
Assessment  Wood, D. This
 End of Topic Test Modern World.
 Any other
relevant material
addressing
learning outcomes
5. Britain: 1870 – 1902  Introduction and status of Britain in i. Describe Britain’s  Document Study  Arnold, D. (1973).
1870 political and economic  Question & Britain, Europe and
 The Splendid Isolation Policy stature in the period 1870 Answer the World: 1871 –
 Nature of the isolationist policy to 1902.  Discussion 1971.
 Why Britain followed an ii. Define the splendid  Teacher Exposition  Kasoma, A.L.
isolationist policy isolation policy and (1992). Senior
discuss the factors that Secondary World
 Why Britain abandoned her encouraged Britain to History.
isolationist policy follow the isolationist  Snellgrove, L.E.
 How Britain abandoned her policy. (1981). The
isolationist policy iii. State and explain why Modern World
Britain abandoned her since 1870.
isolationist policy after  Wood, D. This
1902. Modern World.
iv. Outline and discuss how  Any other
Britain abandoned relevant material

20
 splendid isolation. addressing
learning outcomes
6. European  Scope and nature of imperialism i. Define the terms  Question &  Arnold, D. (1973).
Imperialism in  Background to European imperialism, scramble Answer Britain, Europe and
Africa: 1870 – 1919 imperialism for Africa and partition  Discussion the World: 1871 –
 The scramble for Africa of Africa.  Teacher Exposition 1971.
 Definition ii. State and explain the  Role play  Kasoma, A.L.
reasons for low demand (1992). Senior
 Why low demand for African for African colonies Secondary World
colonies among European before 1870 among History.
powers before 1870 European powers.  Snellgrove, L.E.
(1981). The
Modern World
since 1870.
 Wood, D. This
Modern World.
 Any other relevant
material addressing
learning outcomes
7.
MID-TERM EXAMINATIONS

8. European  Causes of the scramble for Africa i. State and discuss the  Question &  Arnold, D. (1973).
Imperialism in  The 1884-5 Berlin Colonial factors that induced the Answer Britain, Europe and
Africa: 1870 – 1919 Conference scramble and subsequent  Elicitation the World: 1871 –
 Why it was held and the partition of Africa.  Teacher Exposition 1971.
participants ii. Discuss the 1884-5 Berlin  Discussion  Kasoma, A.L.
 Terms/Outcomes of the meeting Colonial Conference. (1992). Senior
iii. Describe and explain the  Map/Document Secondary World
 Course of the scramble for Africa
course of the scramble study History.
 Participating European powers
and partition of Africa by  Snellgrove, L.E.
and their aims for participating European powers. (1981). The
 Territories occupied by each iv. Outline the territories Modern World
participating European state occupied by each of the since 1870.
participating European  Wood, D. This

21
 states and explain the Modern World.
aims/goals for taking part  Any other relevant
in the scramble for material addressing
Africa. learning outcomes

9. European  Disputes Arising from the Scramble i. Explain and discuss the  Document Study  Arnold, D. (1973).
Imperialism in for Africa North of the Equator Suez incident, the  Discussion Britain, Europe and
Africa: 1870 – 1919  The 1875 Suez Canal Incident Fashoda incident, the  Teacher Exposition the World: 1871 –
 The 1898 Fashoda Incident Moroccan crisis, the  Debate 1971.
 The Moroccan Crisis Majuba hills battle and  Kasoma, A.L.
 Disputes Arising from the Scramble the 1899-1902 Anglo- (1992). Senior
Secondary World
for Africa South of the Equator Boer war as examples of
History.
 The 1881 Majuba Hills Battle disputes arising from the
 Snellgrove, L.E.
 The 1899-1902 Anglo-Boer War scramble/partition of (1981). The
 Consequences of the Scramble for Africa. Modern World
Africa ii. Discuss and analyse the since 1870.
consequences of the  Wood, D. This
scramble for Africa by Modern World.
 End of Topic Test Europeans on Africa.  Any other
Assessment
iii. Assess effectiveness of relevant material
the coverage of the addressing
syllabus. learning outcomes

10. The Balkan States:  Introduction, nature and geography i. Locate on the map of  Map study  Arnold, D. (1973).
1870 – 1914  Conflicting interests in the Balkans Europe the Balkan states.  Question & Britain, Europe and
and their consequences ii. Outline and explain the Answer the World: 1871 –
 Formation of the Balkan League conflicting interests in the  Discussion 1971.
Balkans and their effects  Teacher Exposition  Kasoma, A.L.
on relations in Europe. (1992). Senior
iii. Discuss the formation of Sketch map of the Secondary World
the Balkan League. Balkan states History.
 Snellgrove, L.E.
(1981). The
Modern World

22
 since 1870.
 Wood, D. This
Modern World.
 Any other relevant
material addressing
learning outcomes
11. The Balkan States:  The First Balkan war i. Describe and explain the  Elicitation  Arnold, D. (1973).
1870 – 1914  Countries involved first and second Balkan  Question & Britain, Europe and
 Results wars. Answer the World: 1871 –
 The Second Balkan war ii. Assess the impact of the  Class Discussion 1971.
 Countries involved Balkan wars on relations  Illustration  Kasoma, A.L.
 Results in Europe.  Teacher Exposition (1992). Senior
 Consequences of the Balkan wars Secondary World
History.
 Snellgrove, L.E.
(1981). The
Modern World
since 1870.
 Wood, D. This
Modern World.
 Any other relevant
material addressing
learning outcomes
12 & Assessment  End ofTerm Examinations i. Assess and evaluate the  Examining  Exam Syllabus.
13 effectiveness of the  Past Examinations
coverage of the syllabus. Question Papers.

23
 GRADE 11 TERM TWO (2)
WEEK TOPIC SUB-TOPIC (CONTENT) SPECIFIC SUGGESTED REFERENCES
OUTCOMES METHODS/AIDS
1. Writing Essays  A look at essay-writing i. Identify  Elicitation  Arnold, D.
 Establishing the demands of a question and instruction words  Question & (1973). Britain,
meeting them in essay Answer Europe and the
 Dos and don’ts in essay-writing questions and use  Class Discussion World: 1871 –
them to meet the  Illustration 1971.
The First World  Introduction demands of a  Teacher Exposition  Kasoma, A.L.
War :1914-19  Long-term causes of the war question. (1992). Senior
ii. Outline and Secondary World
illustrate the dos History.
and don’ts in  Snellgrove, L.E.
essay-writing. (1981). The
iii. Define the First Modern World
World War. since 1870.
iv. Discuss the long-  Wood, D. This
term causes of Modern World.
WWI.  Any other
relevant material

2. The First World  Introduction i. Define the First  Teacher Exposition  Arnold, D.
War :1914-19  Short-term causes of the war World War.  Question & (1973). Britain,
 Long-term causes ii. State and explain Answer Europe and the
 Short term cause the short-term  Debate World: 1871 –
 Course of the war causes of the  Role play 1971.
First World War.  Kasoma, A.L.
iii. Outline the (1992). Senior
course of the Secondary World
First World War. History.
 Snellgrove, L.E.
(1981). The
Modern World
since 1870.

24
  Wood, D. This
Modern World.
 Any other
relevant
material
3. The First World  Some important Battles, Strategies and Events i. Discuss some of  Document Study  Arnold, D.
War :1914-19 during the First World War. the key battles,  Question & (1973). Britain,
 Battle of Marne strategies and Answer Europe and the
 The schlieffen plan events during the  Discussion World: 1871 –
 The defeat of the central powers First World War.  Teacher Exposition 1971.
 Why each of the major powers joined the war ii. State and explain  Kasoma, A.L.
between 1914 and 1917 why each of the (1992). Senior
major powers Secondary World
joined the First History.
World War.  Snellgrove, L.E.
iii. Explain why (1981). The
Germany scored Modern World
successes in the since 1870.
initial stages of  Wood, D. This
the war. Modern World.
iv. Explain why the
 Any other
central powers
lost the war. relevant
v. Assess the materials
economic, social addressing
and political learning
impact of the outcomes
First World War,
especially on
Africa.
vi. Assess
effectiveness of
the coverage of
the syllabus.

25
4. The First World  Why the central powers lost the war i. Explain why  Brainstorming  Arnold, D.
War :1914-19  Why central powers registered early Germany scored (critical thinking) (1973). Britain,
victories successes in the  Class discussion Europe and the
 Why central powers lost the war initial stages of  Question and World: 1871 –
 Consequences of the First World war the war. answer 1971.
ii. Explain why the  Teacher exposition  Kasoma, A.L.
 End of Topic Test central powers (1992). Senior
Assessment lost the war. Secondary World
iii. Assess the History.
economic, social  Snellgrove, L.E.
and political (1981). The
impact of the Modern World
First World War, since 1870.
especially on  Wood, D. This
Africa. Modern World.
iv. Assess  Any other
effectiveness of relevant
the coverage of materials
the syllabus. addressing
learning
outcomes
5. The 1919 Paris  Introduction i. Assess the  Question &  Arnold, D.
Peace Conference  Views of the authors of the peace settlement differences in Answer (1973). Britain,
(France, Britain, Italy and the USA) opinion of the  Group Discussion Europe and the
 Teacher Exposition World: 1871 –
 Peace treaties signed “big four”.
1971.
 The Versailles Treaty ii. State and discuss  Discussion  Kasoma, A.L.
 Provisions Woodrow (1992). Senior
 Germany’s reactions to it Wilson’s Secondary World
 Weakness of the treaty fourteen points. History.
iii. Discuss the  Snellgrove, L.E.
Versailles treaty, (1981). The
Modern World
brainstorm
since 1870.
Germany’s  Wood, D. This

26
 reactions to it Modern World.
and critique it.  Any other
relevant
materials
addressing
learning
outcomes
6. The 1919 Paris  The Treaty of Neuilly (1919) i. Outline and  Document Study  Arnold, D.
Peace Conference  The 1919 Treaty of Saint – Germaine discuss the peace  Question & (1973). Britain,
 The 1920 Treaty of Trianon treaties signed Answer Europe and the
with the defeated  Discussion World: 1871 –
 The 1920 Treaty of Severs
central powers  Teacher Exposition 1971.
and assess the  Kasoma, A.L.
impact of these (1992). Senior
treaties on the Secondary World
respective History.
powers.  Snellgrove, L.E.
(1981). The
Modern World
since 1870.
 Wood, D. This
Modern World.
 Any other
relevant
materials that
deal with the
specific
outcomes
7.
MID-TERM EXAMINATIONS

8. The League of  What it was i. Define the  Question &  Arnold, D.

Nations  When and why it was formed League of Answer (1973). Britain,
 Aims Nations and  Discussion Europe and the
explain why it  Teacher Exposition World: 1871 –

27
  Primary aim was formed. 1971.
 Subsidiary aims ii. Outline and  Kasoma, A.L.
 The organization of the League of Nation discuss the aims (1992). Senior
of the League of Secondary World
 Successes of the League of Nations
Nations and History.
 Weakness and failures of the League of assess how far  Snellgrove, L.E.
Nations they were (1981). The
achieved. Modern World
iii. Give an outline since 1870.
of the  Wood, D. This
organization of Modern World.
the League of  Any other
Nations and relevant
outline its materials that
failures. deal with the
specific
outcomes
9. The Weimar  What it was i. Define the  Question &  Arnold, D.
Republic: 1919 -  Background information Weimar Answer (1973). Britain,
1933  Contents/terms of the Weimar constitution Republic and  Elicitation Europe and the
give some  Teacher Exposition World: 1871 –
 Weakness of the Weimar constitution
background to its  Discussion 1971.
formation.  Kasoma, A.L.
ii. Discuss and  Map/Document (1992). Senior
explain the terms study Secondary World
of the Weimar History.
constitution.  Snellgrove, L.E.
iii. Assess the (1981). The
weaknesses of Modern World
the Weimar since 1870.
constitution.  Wood, D. This
Modern World.
 Any other
relevant
materials that

28
 deal with the
specific
outcomes
10. The Weimar  Weaknesses of the Weimer Republic i. State the  Document Study  Arnold, D.
Republic  Problems faced by the Weimar Republic weaknesses of  Discussion (1973). Britain,
(Democratic  Temporary solutions to the Weimar Republic the Weimar  Teacher Exposition Europe and the
Republic and the World: 1871 –
Government): problems: 1924-29
problems the 1971.
1919-33  Rule of Gustav Stressman republic faced.  Kasoma, A.L.
 The Weimar Republic after Gustav’s death in ii. Outline the (1992). Senior
1929 temporal Secondary World
solutions to the History.
Weimer  Snellgrove, L.E.
Republic’s (1981). The
problems. Modern World
iii. Discuss the great since 1870.
depression of  Wood, D. This
1929. Modern World.
iv. Describe Gustav  Any other
Stress man’s rule relevant
and outline his materials that
main successes. deal with the
specific
outcomes
11. The Rise of Germany’s Adolf Hitler i. Discuss Adolf  Map study  Arnold, D.
Dictators in Hitler’s  Question & (1973). Britain,
Europe  Hitler’s background background and Answer Europe and the
 How Hitler rose to power explain his rise  Discussion World: 1871 –
 Factors that favored Hitler’s rise to power to power in  Teacher Exposition 1971.
Germany.  Kasoma, A.L.
ii. Outline the (1992). Senior
factors that Secondary World
fostered Nazism History.
and Hitler’s rise  Snellgrove, L.E.
to power. (1981). The

29
 iii. Analyse Hitler’s Modern World
political career, since 1870.
showing his role  Wood, D. This
in the Second Modern World.
World War, 1939  Any other
– 1945. relevant
materials that
deal with the
specific
outcomes
12 & Assessment  End of Term Examinations i. Assess and  Examining  Examinations
13 evaluate the Syllabus.
effectiveness of  Past
the coverage of Examinations
the syllabus. Question Papers.

TERM THREE (3)

WEEK TOPIC SUB-TOPIC (CONTENT) SPECIFIC OUTCOMES SUGGESTED REFERENCES
METHODS/AIDS
1. The Rise of Germany’s Adolf Hitler ii. Discuss Hitler’s home  Elicitation  Snellgrove, L.E.
Dictators in Europe policy and show how he  Question & (1981). The
 Hitler’s Domestic Policy tried to meet his aims. Answer Modern World
 Nature iii. Describe and explain  Class Discussion since 1870.
 Aims Hitler’s foreign policy and  Illustration  Arnold, D.
 How the aims were met outline the steps he took  Teacher Exposition (1973). Britain,
to achieve his foreign Europe and the
 Hitler’s Foreign Policy
policy aims. World: 1871 –
 Nature 1971.
 Aims  Wood, D. This
 How the aims were achieved Modern World.
 Kasoma, A.L.
(1992). Senior
Secondary World

30
 History.
 Any other
relevant
materials that
deal with the
specific
outcomes.
2. The Rise of Italy’s Benito Mussolini i. Discuss Mussolini’s  Arnold, D.
Dictators in Europe background and explain  Question & (1973). Britain,
 Mussolini’s background and his rise how he rose to power. Answer Europe and the
to power.  Discussion World: 1871 –
ii. Outline the factors that
 Factors that favored Mussolini’s rise  Teacher Exposition 1971.
helped Fascism and  Kasoma, A.L.
to power Mussolini’s rise to power. (1992). Senior
 Mussolini’s consolidation of power iii. AnalyzeMussolin’s Secondary World
in Italy. political career, showing History.
his role in WW II: 1939 –  Snellgrove, L.E.
1945. (1981). The
Modern World
since 1870.
 Wood, D. This
Modern World.
 Any other
relevant
materials that
deal with the
specific
outcomes.
3. The Rise of Italy’s Benito Mussolini i. Discuss Mussolini’s home  Teacher Exposition  Arnold, D.
Dictators in Europe policy and show how he  Question & (1973). Britain,
 Mussolini’s Home Policy tried to meet his aims. Answer Europe and the
 Nature ii. Describe and explain  Group discussion World: 1871 –
 Aims Mussolini’s foreign policy 1971.
 How the aims were realized. and outline the steps he  Kasoma, A.L.
took to achieve his foreign (1992). Senior

31
  Mussolini’s Foreign Policy policy aims. Secondary World
 Nature History.
 Aims  Snellgrove, L.E.
(1981). The
 Achievement of the aims
Modern World
since 1870.
 Wood, D. This
Modern World.
 Any other
relevant materials
that deal with the
specific
outcomes.
4. The Rise of Russia’s Joseph Stalin i. Describe conditions in  Document Study  Arnold, D.
Dictators in Europe  The 1917 Bolshevik revolution Russia under Tsarist rule.  Question & (1973). Britain,
 Stalin’s background and rise to ii. Discuss Lenin and the Answer Europe and the
power formation of the  Discussion World: 1871 –
 Stalin’s consolidation of power Bolshevik Party.  Teacher Exposition 1971.
 Stalin’s Home policy iii. Explain the factors that  Kasoma, A.L.
 Nature led to the October 1917 (1992). Senior
 Aims socialist revolution. Secondary World
 Achievements iv. Describe Stalin’s History.
 Stalin’s foreign policy background and discuss  Snellgrove, L.E.
 Nature how he rose to power. (1981). The
 Aims v. Describe and explain Modern World
 Achievements Stalin’s domestic and since 1870.
Assessment foreign policy.  Wood, D. This
 End of Topic Test vi. Assess effectiveness of Modern World.
the coverage of the  Any other
syllabus. relevant materials
that deal with the
specific
outcomes.

5. The Spanish Civil  General Francisco Franco and the i. Explain the causes of  Desk research  Arnold, D.

32
 War: 1936 – 1939 Spanish civil war 1936- 1939 Spanish civil  Group discussion (1973). Britain,
China: 1919 – 1939  Political and Economic war and the role played by  Question and Europe and the
Japan: 1919 - 1939 developments in China between Francisco Franco. answer World: 1871 –
 Teacher exposition 1971.
1919 and 1939 ii. Discuss the political and
 Kasoma, A.L.
 Political and economic economic developments in (1992). Senior
developments in Japan between China from 1919 to 1939. Secondary World
1919 and 1939 iii. Describe the political and History.
economic developments in  Snellgrove, L.E.
Japan from 1919 to 1939. (1981). The
Modern World
since 1870.
 Wood, D. This
Modern World.
 Any other
relevant materials
that deal with the
specific
outcomes.
6. The Second World  Introduction i. Give the background  Document Study  Arnold, D.
War  Causes information on the Second  Question & (1973). Britain,
 Long – term causes World War. Answer Europe and the
 Discussion World: 1871 –
 Short-term cause ii. Discuss the causes of the
 Teacher Exposition 1971.
 Course of the Second World War. Second World War.  Kasoma, A.L.
 Effects of world war II iii. Describe the course of the (1992). Senior
Second World War Secondary World
focusing on key events, History.
strategies and incidents.  Snellgrove, L.E.
iv. Explain the effects of the (1981). The
Modern World
Second World War.
since 1870.
v. Analyzeenvironmental  Wood, D. This
impacts of World War II. Modern World.
 Any other

33
 relevant materials
that address the
specific
outcomes.
7.
MID-TERM EXAMINATIONS

8. Attempts at World The United Nations Organization (UNO) i. Brainstorm on the failures  Question &  Arnold, D.
Peace and the of the League of Nations. Answer (1973). Britain,
Balance of Power  Background ii. Outline steps leading to  Discussion Europe and the
 Formation the formation of the UN.  Teacher Exposition World: 1871 –
 Aims and objectives iii. Describe the objectives, 1971.
 Structure of the UNO structure and functions of  Kasoma, A.L.
the UN. (1992). Senior
 Functions of the UNO
iv. Assess the achievements Secondary World
 Achievements of the UNO and failures of the UN. History.
 Failures of the UNO  Snellgrove, L.E.
(1981). The
Modern World
since 1870.
 Wood, D. This
Modern World.
 Any other
relevant material
addressing the
specific
outcomes.
9. Attempts at World The North Atlantic Treaty Organization i. Describe the objectives  Question &  Arnold, D.
Peace and the  Objectives and organisation of Answer (1973). Britain,
Balance of Power  Organisation NATO, the Non-Aligned  Elicitation Europe and the
The Non-Aligned Movement Movement and Warsaw  Teacher Exposition World: 1871 –
 Objectives Pact.  Discussion 1971.
 Organisation ii. Assess the effectiveness  Kasoma, A.L.
The Warsaw Pact of the coverage of the  Map/Document (1992). Senior
 Objectives syllabus. study Secondary World

34
  Organisation History.
 Snellgrove, L.E.
(1981). The
Assessment  End of Topic Test Modern World
since 1870.
 Wood, D. This
Modern World.
 Any other
relevant
materials that
deal with the
specific
outcomes.
10. Contemporary The Middle East Crisis iii. Describe the creation of  Document Study  Arnold, D.
Issues  The creation of Israel in 1948 Israel and assess the  Discussion (1973). Britain,
 Reaction of Palestine (Arabs) to the reactions of Palestine  Teacher Exposition Europe and the
creation of Israel (Arabs) and the World: 1871 –
 Israel-Palestine conflicts international community. 1971.
since 1948 iv. Discuss the causes, course  Kasoma, A.L.
 Reactions of the international and effects of the Rwanda (1992). Senior
community to the Israel-Palestine genocide. Secondary World
conflict v. Explain the origins of the History.
The Rwanda Genocide land problems in  Snellgrove, L.E.
 Causes, course and effects Zimbabwe. (1981). The
The Land Issue in Zimbabwe vi. Discuss efforts applied in Modern World
 Genesis of land problems in conflict resolution and since 1870.
Zimbabwe management: arbitration,  Wood, D. This
 Attempts at resolving land conflicts mediation, prosecution Modern World.
and compromise.  Any other
relevant materials
that deal with the
specific
outcomes.
11. Other The African Union i. Describe the objectives  Arnold, D.
International and organization of the  Question & (1973). Britain,

35
 Organisations  Objectives and organization AU, Commonwealth, Answer Europe and the
The Commonwealth SADC and EU.  Discussion World: 1871 –
 Objectives and organization  Teacher Exposition 1971.
The Southern Africa Development  Kasoma, A.L.
Community (SADC) (1992). Senior
 Objectives and organization Secondary World
The European Union (EU) History.
 Objectives and organization  Snellgrove, L.E.
(1981). The
Modern World
since 1870.
 Wood, D. This
Modern World.
 Any other
NOTE: The teacher relevant materials
can also consider all the that deal with the
organizations stated in specific
the syllabus.
outcomes.
12 & Assessment  End of TermExaminations  Assess and evaluate the  Examining  Examinations
13 effectiveness of the Syllabus.
coverage of the syllabus.  Past Examinations
Question Papers.
NOTE: Refer to the syllabus at all times.

36
 REPUBLIC OF ZAMBIA

MINISTRY OF GENERAL EDUCATION

SOUTHERN PROVINCE

HISTORY COMMON SCHEMES OF WORK to be done

GRADE TWELVE (12) WORK: HISTORY OF CENTRAL AFRICA
GRADE 12TERM ONE (1)
WEEK TOPIC SUB-TOPIC (CONTENT) SPECIFIC OUTCOMES SUGGESTED REFERENCES
METHODS/AIDS
1. Passage-based  A Close look at passage- i. Look for and identify  Elicitation  Dasgupta, K.K. (1990). In
Questions based type of questions clues in passage-based  Question & Search of the Central African
 Tips on how to handle questions. Answer Past.
passage-based ii. Describe the three  Class  Fagan, B.M. (1967). Iron Age
questions. main theories on the Discussion Cultures in Zambia.
origin of human  Illustration  Haantobolo, G. (2009). Senior
Early history of Central  Teacher Secondary History for Central
beings.
Africa  Evolution of human beings Exposition and Southern Africa.
 Theories on the origin iii. Discuss the early man-  Learners’  Needham, D.E. et al (1988).
of man like creatures. Answer From Iron Age to Independence:
 Early man-like Scripts for A History of Central Africa.
creatures the End of  Wills, A.J. (1990). An
Grade 11 Introduction to the History of
Exam Central Africa. Zambia,
Zimbabwe and Malawi.
 G. Haantobolo: Senior
Secondary History for Central
and Southern Africa.
 N.E Davis. A History of

37
 Southern Africa.
 Any other relevant materials
that deal with the specific
outcomes.
2. Early history of Central  The Stone Age in Zambia i. Describe and  Dasgupta, K.K. (1990). In
Africa  Sub-divisions explain the  Question & Search of the Central African
 Early Stone Age material culture of Answer Past.
 Middle Stone Age  Discussion
the Stone and Iron  Fagan, B.M. (1967). Iron Age
 Late Stone Age  Teacher
 Stone Age material culture Ages in Zambia. Exposition Cultures in Zambia.
 The Iron Age in Zambia in ii. Describe the early  Picture study  Haantobolo, G. (2009). Senior
brief Iron Age trade at Secondary History for Central
 Ing’ombeIlede Ing’ombeIlede. and Southern Africa.
iii. Compare and  Needham, D.E. et al (1988).
contrast the Stone From Iron Age to Independence:
Age and the Iron A History of Central Africa.
Age in Zambia.  Wills, A.J. (1990). An
Introduction to the History of
Central Africa. Zambia,
Zimbabwe and Malawi.
 Any other relevant materials
that deal with the specific
outcomes.

3.  Introduction to Geographical setting of Central i. State the regions that  Teacher  Dasgupta, K.K. (1990). In
Central African Africa make up Central Exposition Search of the Central African
History  Regions that make up Africa.  Question & Past.
ii. Describe the physical Answer
Central Africa  Fagan, B.M. (1967). Iron Age
and climatic  Map study
 Physical and climatic conditions Central  Class Cultures in Zambia.
features of Central Africa Africa. discussion  Haantobolo, G. (2009). Senior
iii. Draw the map of Secondary History for Central
Central Africa. and Southern Africa.

38
  Needham, D.E. et al (1988).
From Iron Age to Independence:
A History of Central Africa.
 Wills, A.J. (1990). An
Introduction to the History of
Central Africa. Zambia,
Zimbabwe and Malawi.
 Any other relevant materials
that deal with the specific
outcomes.

4. Bantu Migrations into  Definition of the Bantu i. Define the Bantu and  Document  Dasgupta, K.K. (1990). In
Central Africa: 1500 -  Origins of the Bantu trace their origins. Study Search of the Central African
1800  Causes of Bantu ii. State and explainthe  Question & Past.
migrationsfrom Cameroon causes of the Bantu Answer  Fagan, B.M. (1967). Iron Age
Highlands into Katanga migrations.  Discussion Cultures in Zambia.
 Course of Bantu migrations iii. Describe the course of  Teacher  Haantobolo, G. (2009). Senior
from Cameroon Highlands the Bantu migrations. Exposition Secondary History for Central
 Map study
to Katanga and Southern Africa.
 Central route  Needham, D.E. et al (1988).
 Eastern route From Iron Age to Independence:
 Western route A History of Central Africa.
 Wills, A.J. (1990). An
Introduction to the History of
Central Africa. Zambia,
Zimbabwe and Malawi.
 Any other relevant materials
that deal with the specific
outcomes.

39
5. Luba-Lunda Empire i. Explain the formation  Question &  Dasgupta, K.K. (1990). In
Bantu Migrations into of the Luba Empire in Answer Search of the Central African
Central Africa: 1500 -  Formation of the Luba Katanga.  Group Past.
1800 Empire ii. Discuss the Lunda Discussion  Fagan, B.M. (1967). Iron Age
 Lunda kingdom of kingdom of  Teacher Cultures in Zambia.
Mwatayamvo Mwatayamvo with Exposition  Haantobolo, G. (2009). Senior
 Origin regard to its origin, Secondary History for Central
 Discussion
 Expansion expansion and and Southern Africa.
 Downfall collapse.  Needham, D.E. et al (1988).
From Iron Age to Independence:
A History of Central Africa.
 Wills, A.J. (1990). An
Introduction to the History of
Central Africa. Zambia,
Zimbabwe and Malawi.
 Any other relevant materials
that deal with the specific
outcomes.

6. Bantu Migrations into Luba-Lunda Dispersals i. Define the expression  Document  Dasgupta, K.K. (1990). In
Central Africa: 1500 - Luba-Lunda Study Search of the Central African
1800  Definition of Luba-Lunda dispersal.  Question & Past.
dispersal. ii. Discuss the causes and Answer  Fagan, B.M. (1967). Iron Age
 Causes and course of Luba- describe the course of  Discussion Cultures in Zambia.
Lunda dispersals Luba-Lunda  Teacher  Haantobolo, G. (2009). Senior
 Areas of settlement of dispersals. Exposition Secondary History for Central
Luba-Lunda migrants in  Map study
iii. Locate, on the map of and Southern Africa.
Zambia Zambia, the areas of  Needham, D.E. et al (1988).
 Results of Luba-Lunda settlement of the From Iron Age to Independence:
migrations into Zambia Luba-Lunda migrants. A History of Central Africa.
iv. State and explain the  Wills, A.J. (1990). An

40
 results of the Bantu Introduction to the History of
migrations into Central Africa. Zambia,
Zambia. Zimbabwe and Malawi.
 Any other relevant materials
that deal with the specific
outcomes.

7.
MID-TERM EXAMINATIONS

Decentralized Societies  Definition of Decentralized i. Define decentralized  Document  Dasgupta, K.K. (1990). In
in Central Africa Societies societies and identify study Search of the Central African
 Examples of decentralized the decentralized  Question & Past.
societies societies in Zambia. Answer  Fagan, B.M. (1967). Iron Age
 Nature of decentralized ii. Describe and explain  Discussion Cultures in Zambia.
societies the social, political,  Teacher  Haantobolo, G. (2009). Senior
 Social, political, economic economic and Exposition Secondary History for Central
 Role-play
8. and technological technological and Southern Africa.
formations formations among  Needham, D.E. et al (1988).
decentralized societies. From Iron Age to Independence:
The Tonga iii. Discuss the Tonga and A History of Central Africa.
 Bonds of kinship outline their way of  Wills, A.J. (1990). An
 Succession and life. Introduction to the History of
Central Africa. Zambia,
inheritance
 Religion Zimbabwe and Malawi.
 Political and social  Any other relevant materials
organization and that deal with the specific
way of life in outcomes.
general.

41
9. Centralized Societies of  Definition of centralized i. Define centralized  Question &  Dasgupta, K.K. (1990). In
Central Africa societies societies and Answer Search of the Central African
 Outline of the centralized outlinethe centralized  Elicitation Past.
societies of Central Africa societies in Zambia.  Teacher  Fagan, B.M. (1967). Iron Age
 Nature of centralized ii. Explain the social, Exposition Cultures in Zambia.
societies economic, political  Discussion  Haantobolo, G. (2009). Senior
 Social, Political, Economic and technological  Map/Docum Secondary History for Central
and Technological aspects of centralized ent study and Southern Africa.
formations societies in Zambia.  Needham, D.E. et al (1988).
iii. Compare and contrast From Iron Age to Independence:
The Lunda Kingdom of the decentralized and A History of Central Africa.
MwataKazembe centralized societies in  Wills, A.J. (1990). An
 Origin Central Africa. Introduction to the History of
 Rise and development iv. Depict the location of Central Africa. Zambia,
 Long-distance the Kazembe kingdom Zimbabwe and Malawi.
on the map of Zambia  Any other relevant materials
trade
 Location and give an account of that deal with the specific
 Disintegration its origin, rise, outcomes.
development and
Assessment  End of Topic Test
decline.
v. Assess effectiveness of
coverage of the
syllabus.

42
10. Centralized Societies of The Bemba Kingdom i. Discuss the Bemba  Document  Dasgupta, K.K. (1990). In
Central Africa kingdom in terms of Study Search of the Central African
 Origin and establishment its origin,  Group Past.
 Growth of the kingdom establishment, growth Discussion  Fagan, B.M. (1967). Iron Age
 Economic aspects and downfall.  Teacher Cultures in Zambia.
 Social and Exposition  Haantobolo, G. (2009). Senior
political Secondary History for Central
organization and Southern Africa.
 Decline of the kingdom  Needham, D.E. et al (1988).
From Iron Age to Independence:
A History of Central Africa.
 Wills, A.J. (1990). An
Introduction to the History of
Central Africa. Zambia,
Zimbabwe and Malawi.
 Any other relevant materials
that deal with the specific
outcomes.

11. Centralized Societies of The Kalonga Kingdom ii. Outline the origin,  Map study  Dasgupta, K.K. (1990). In
Central Africa establishment,  Question & Search of the Central African
 Origin, establishment and location, growth and Answer Past.
location downfall of the  Discussion  Fagan, B.M. (1967). Iron Age
 Growth of the kingdom kingdom.  Teacher Cultures in Zambia.
 Downfall of the kingdom. Exposition  Haantobolo, G. (2009). Senior
 Debate Secondary History for Central
and Southern Africa.
 Needham, D.E. et al (1988).
From Iron Age to Independence:
A History of Central Africa.
 Wills, A.J. (1990). An

43
 Introduction to the History of
Central Africa. Zambia,
Zimbabwe and Malawi.
 Any other relevant materials
that deal with the specific
outcomes.

12 & Assessment  End Term Examinations iii. Assess and evaluate  Examining  Examinations Syllabus.
13 the effectiveness of the  Past Examinations Question
coverage of the Papers.
syllabus.

44
 GRADE 12 TERM TWO (2)
WEEK TOPIC SUB-TOPIC (CONTENT) SPECIFIC OUTCOMES SUGGESTED REFERENCES
METHODS/AIDS
1.  A look at essay-writing  Elicitation  Dasgupta, K.K. (1990). In
Essay Writing  Establishing the i. Identify instruction  Question & Search of the Central African
demands of a words in essay Answer Past.
Preparing for Exams  Class
question and questions and use them  Fagan, B.M. (1967). Iron Age
Discussion
meeting them to meet the demands of  Illustration Cultures in Zambia.
 Dos and don’ts in a question.  Teacher  Haantobolo, G. (2009). Senior
essay-writing ii. Outline and illustrate Exposition Secondary History for Central
 Key Ingredients to Good the dos and don’ts in  Learners’ and Southern Africa.
Performance essay-writing Answer  Needham, D.E. et al (1988).
 Regular and iii. Highlight and illustrate Scripts for From Iron Age to Independence:
the End of
consistent study key ingredients to A History of Central Africa.
Term 1
and practise of the good performance in History  Wills, A.J. (1990). An
key historical skills History. Exam Introduction to the History of
 Commitment and Central Africa. Zambia,
focus Zimbabwe and Malawi.
 Discipline and hard  Any other relevant materials that
work deal with the specific outcomes.

2. Centralized Societies of The Chewa Kingdom of Undi i. Explain the origin and  Dasgupta, K.K. (1990). In
Central Africa establishment of the  Elicitation Search of the Central African
 Origin and establishment kingdom.  Discussion Past.
 Reasons for its growth  Question &
ii. State and discuss the  Fagan, B.M. (1967). Iron Age
 Why the kingdom declined Answer
factors responsible for  Discussion Cultures in Zambia.
the development and  Teacher  Haantobolo, G. (2009). Senior
resultant decline of Exposition Secondary History for Central
Undi’s kingdom. and Southern Africa.

45
  Needham, D.E. et al (1988).
From Iron Age to Independence:
A History of Central Africa.
 Wills, A.J. (1990). An
Introduction to the History of
Central Africa. Zambia,
Zimbabwe and Malawi.
 Any other relevant materials that
deal with the specific outcomes.

3. Centralized Societies of The Lozi Kingdom i. Discuss, explain and  Teacher  Dasgupta, K.K. (1990). In
Central Africa outline the various Exposition Search of the Central African
 Origin and establishment of aspects of the Lozi  elicitation Past.
the kingdom kingdom in some  Question &
 Fagan, B.M. (1967). Iron Age
 The Lozi economy detail. Answer
ii. Assess effectiveness of  Class Cultures in Zambia.
 Social and political  Haantobolo, G. (2009). Senior
the coverage of the discussion
organization of the Lozi Secondary History for Central
syllabus.
 Growth of the kingdom and Southern Africa.
 Loss of the kingdom to the  Needham, D.E. et al (1988).
Kololo From Iron Age to Independence:
 Restoration of Lozi rule A History of Central Africa.
 LitungaLewanika’s rule  Wills, A.J. (1990). An
Assessment Introduction to the History of
End of Topic Test
Central Africa. Zambia,
Zimbabwe and Malawi.
 Any other relevant materials that
deal with the specific outcomes.

46
4. Exploration of Central  Reasons for the exploration i. State and explain  Document  Dasgupta, K.K. (1990). In
Africa of Africa the factors that Study Search of the Central African
 Major European explorers induced the  Question & Past.
exploration of Answer
 David Livingstone  Fagan, B.M. (1967). Iron Age
Central Africa by  Discussion
 Henry Morton Stanley Europeans. Cultures in Zambia.
 Major traders and hunters  Teacher  Haantobolo, G. (2009). Senior
ii. Identify Europeans
 F.C. Selous Exposition Secondary History for Central
who opened up
 Map study
 George Cobb Central Africa and Southern Africa.
Westbeech prior to  Needham, D.E. et al (1988).
 Portuguese activities in colonisation. From Iron Age to Independence:
iii. Describe the
Angola and Mozambique A History of Central Africa.
course of the
exploration of  Wills, A.J. (1990). An
Central Africa. Introduction to the History of
iv. Discuss the Central Africa. Zambia,
Portuguese Zimbabwe and Malawi.
activities in  Any other relevant materials that
Angola and deal with the specific outcomes.
Mozambique.

5. Exploration of Central David Livingstone as an Explorer i. Discuss Livingstone’s  Question &  Dasgupta, K.K. (1990). In
Africa  Livingstone’s early life background and Answer Search of the Central African
 Livingstone’s journeys to outline his work in  Group Past.
Africa central Africa. Discussion  Fagan, B.M. (1967). Iron Age
 Importance of ii. Discuss Livingstone’s  Teacher Cultures in Zambia.
Livingstone’s work in three journeys to Exposition  Haantobolo, G. (2009). Senior
Central Africa Africa.  Discussion Secondary History for Central
iii. Assess the importance  Desk and Southern Africa.
of Livingstone’s work research  Needham, D.E. et al (1988).
in Central Africa. From Iron Age to Independence:
A History of Central Africa.
 Wills, A.J. (1990). An

47
 Introduction to the History of
Central Africa. Zambia,
Zimbabwe and Malawi.
 Any other relevant materials that
deal with the specific outcomes

6. Missionary Work in Why and how early missionaries i. State and explain the  Document  Dasgupta, K.K. (1990). In
Central Africa came to Africa factors that induced the Study Search of the Central African
coming of missionaries  Question & Past.
 The London to Africa. Answer  Fagan, B.M. (1967). Iron Age
Missionary Society ii. Give accounts of the  Discussion Cultures in Zambia.
|(L.M.S) operations of the  Teacher  Haantobolo, G. (2009). Senior
 The Universities various missionary Exposition Secondary History for Central
Missions to Central  Research
groups that came to and Southern Africa.
Africa (U.M.C.A) Africa.  Needham, D.E. et al (1988).
 The Free Church of iii. Assess and analyze the From Iron Age to Independence:
Scotland activities of early A History of Central Africa.
 The Paris missionaries in Central  Wills, A.J. (1990). An
Evangelical Africa. Introduction to the History of
Missionary Society iv. Assess and analyze the Central Africa. Zambia,
(P.E.M.S) results of missionary Zimbabwe and Malawi.
 The Jesuits and exploration work  Any other relevant materials that
 Other minor in central Africa. deal with the specific outcomes.
missionary groups

Results of the activities of explorers

and missionary in Central Africa

7. MID-TERM EXAMINATIONS

Colonialism in Central  Origins of colonialism in i. Define colonialism and  Question &  Dasgupta, K.K. (1990). In
Africa Central Africa explain its origins. Answer Search of the Central African

48
  Establishment of ii. Explain how the  Discussion Past.
colonialism in Central BSACO and Christian  Teacher  Fagan, B.M. (1967). Iron Age
Africa missionaries secured Exposition Cultures in Zambia.
 Methods of land acquisition land from African  Illustration  Haantobolo, G. (2009). Senior
 Role of Christian chiefs through treaties.  Debate Secondary History for Central
8.  Role-play
missionaries and the British iii. Outline the steps and Southern Africa.
South Africa Company in leading to the colonial  Needham, D.E. et al (1988).
establishing colonial rule occupation of Southern From Iron Age to Independence:
 Colonial occupation of Rhodesia. A History of Central Africa.
Southern Rhodesia  Wills, A.J. (1990). An
(Zimbabwe). Introduction to the History of
Central Africa. Zambia,
 Steps leading to Zimbabwe and Malawi.
the occupation  Any other relevant materials that
of Southern deal with the specific outcomes.
Rhodesia

9. Colonial Occupation  Occupation of Northern i. Give an outline of  Question &  Dasgupta, K.K. (1990). In
Rhodesia steps leading the Answer Search of the Central African
 Steps leading to the colonial occupation of  Elicitation Past.
establishment of Northern Rhodesia and  Teacher  Fagan, B.M. (1967). Iron Age
colonial rule in Nyasaland. Exposition Cultures in Zambia.
Northern Rhodesia ii. Assess effectiveness of  Discussion  Haantobolo, G. (2009). Senior
 Occupation of Nyasaland the syllabus.  Map/Docum Secondary History for Central
 Steps leading to the ent study and Southern Africa.
occupation of  Needham, D.E. et al (1988).
Nyasaland From Iron Age to Independence:
 End of Topic Test A History of Central Africa.
Assessment
 Wills, A.J. (1990). An
Introduction to the History of

49
 Central Africa. Zambia,
Zimbabwe and Malawi.
 Any other relevant materials that
deal with the specific outcomes.

10. Early Resistance to  The Colonial Society and i. Define direct and  Document  Dasgupta, K.K. (1990). In
Colonial Occupation its Economy indirect rule. Study Search of the Central African
 The colonial states’ ii. Explain the merits and  Class Past.
direct and indirect demerits of direct and Discussion  Fagan, B.M. (1967). Iron Age
rule indirect rule.  Role-play Cultures in Zambia.
 Ownership of iii. Identify problems in  Teacher  Haantobolo, G. (2009). Senior
means of the colonial social Exposition Secondary History for Central
production economic formations. and Southern Africa.
 Colonial social iv. Define and explain the  Needham, D.E. et al (1988).
formations terms resistance From Iron Age to Independence:
movements, primary A History of Central Africa.
Resistance to European Domination resistance and  Wills, A.J. (1990). An
in Southern Rhodesia secondary resistance. Introduction to the History of
v. Give reasons which led Central Africa. Zambia,
 The first Ndebele war
 The second Ndebele war to resistance against Zimbabwe and Malawi.
 The Ndebele-Shona colonial rule.  Any other relevant materials that
uprising vi. Discuss the course and deal with the specific outcomes.
outcomes of the wars
of resistance to
colonial rule.

50
11. Early Resistance to Resistance to European Domination i. Name and discuss  Dasgupta, K.K. (1990). In
Colonial Occupation in Northern Rhodesia and important welfare  Role play Search of the Central African
Nyasaland associations, African  Question & Past.
Christian churches and Answer  Fagan, B.M. (1967). Iron Age
 Organized uprisings organized uprisings.  Discussion Cultures in Zambia.
 Chachacha ii. Describe how African  Teacher  Haantobolo, G. (2009). Senior
campaign Christian church Exposition Secondary History for Central
 Chilembwe  Debate
leaders resisted and Southern Africa.
uprising colonial rule.  Needham, D.E. et al (1988).
 African welfare iii. Explain the nature of From Iron Age to Independence:
associations grievances Africans A History of Central Africa.
 Federation of presented to colonial  Wills, A.J. (1990). An
Welfare Societies authorities. Introduction to the History of
in Northern Central Africa. Zambia,
Rhodesia Zimbabwe and Malawi.
 African Welfare  Any other relevant materials that
Societies in deal with the specific outcomes.
Nyasaland
 African Christian churches

12 & Assessment  End of Term Examinations ii. Assess and evaluate  Examining  Examinations Syllabus.
13 the effectiveness of the  Past Examinations Question
coverage of the Papers.
syllabus.

51
 GRADE 12 TERM THREE (3)
WEEK TOPIC SUB-TOPIC (CONTENT) SPECIFIC OUTCOMES SUGGESTED REFERENCES
METHODS/AIDS
1. Revision/Remedial  Revision Mock iii. Look for and identify  Elicitation  Examinations Syllabus.
Work Examination Papers clues in various types  Question &
 Picture, map and of questions. Answer  Past Examinations Marking
passage-based iii. Identify errors made  Class Schemes.
questions in the mock exam and Discussion
 Meeting the demands correct them.  Illustration
of exam questions iv. Answer questions  Teacher
 Answering questions briefly, directly and to Exposition
briefly, directly and the point.  Learners’
clearly. v. Identify instruction Answer
 Writing essays words in essay Scripts for the
 Establishing the questions and use Mock Exam
demands of a question them to meet the
and meeting them demands of a
 Dos and don’ts in question.
essay-writing vi. Outline and illustrate
the dos and don’ts in
essay-writing.

2. The Federation of  Definition i. Define the terms  Dasgupta, K.K. (1990). In

Rhodesia and  Origins “federation” and  Map study Search of the Central African
Nyasaland 1953-1963  Advantages of federation “amalgamation”.  Question & Past.
Answer
(settlers’ views) ii. Discuss the British  Fagan, B.M. (1967). Iron Age
 Discussion
 Disadvantages of the aims for imposing the  Teacher Cultures in Zambia.
federation (Africans’ federation on the Exposition  Haantobolo, G. (2009). Senior
views) people of Central  Role-play Secondary History for Central
 Fight against the federation Africa. and Southern Africa.
iii. Discuss the  Needham, D.E. et al (1988).
advantages and From Iron Age to
disadvantages of the Independence: A History of

52
 federation. Central Africa.
iv. Describe the African  Wills, A.J. (1990). An
opposition to the Introduction to the History of
federation and analyze Central Africa. Zambia,
their successes and Zimbabwe and Malawi.
failures.  Any other relevant materials
that deal with the specific
outcomes.

3. End of Colonial Rule in  African nationalism i. Explain the role of  Teacher  Dasgupta, K.K. (1990). In
Central Africa.  Organized mass protests educated Africans in Exposition Search of the Central African
 Formation of political the struggle for  Question & Past.
Answer
parties independence.  Fagan, B.M. (1967). Iron Age
 Class
 Impact of colonial rule on ii. Describe the methods discussion Cultures in Zambia.
Central Africa. employed by Africans  Walking  Haantobolo, G. (2009). Senior
Assessment  End of Topic Test in resisting colonial debate Secondary History for Central
rule. and Southern Africa.
iii. Analyse the early  Needham, D.E. et al (1988).
political parties and From Iron Age to
liberation movements Independence: A History of
in Central Africa that Central Africa.
fought for  Wills, A.J. (1990). An
independence. Introduction to the History of
iv. Assess the impact of Central Africa. Zambia,
European domination Zimbabwe and Malawi.
on Central Africa.  Any other relevant materials
that deal with the specific
outcomes.

53
4. Post-Independence  Post-independence socio- i. Analyse the  Question &  Dasgupta, K.K. (1990). In
Developments in economic and political development of Answer Search of the Central African
Central Africa developments post-independence  Group Past.
Discussion  Fagan, B.M. (1967). Iron Age
economic and
 Teacher Cultures in Zambia.
political systems  Haantobolo, G. (2009). Senior
in Zambia, Exposition
Secondary History for Central
Malawi and  Discussion and Southern Africa.
Zimbabwe.  Needham, D.E. et al (1988).
From Iron Age to
Independence: A History of
Central Africa.
 Wills, A.J. (1990). An
Introduction to the History of
Central Africa. Zambia,
Zimbabwe and Malawi.
 Any other relevant materials
that deal with the specific
outcomes.
5–7 Remedial Work /  Revision of past exams i. Highlight the  Group  Examinations Syllabus.
Preparation for Final question papers importance of discussion  Past Exams Marking Schemes.
Exams following instructions.  Illustration
 Teacher
ii. Answer questions
exposition
fully and accordingly.  Question and
iii. General dos and answer
don’ts in
examinations.

From 8 End of Course (Final)  End of Course i. Assess effectiveness  Examining

Examinations Examinations. of the coverage of the
syllabus.

54
Refer to the syllabus at all times.

NOTE: It is of great necessity that the teacher administers End of Topic Tests, regular homework and the Mid-term Examination (as
well as the End of Term Examination). Over and above, the results of all these assessment activities must be critically analysedand
kept (filed) very securely as evidence of adherence as well as to help tracethe learners’academic progress sothat they inform timely and
appropriate interventions to be applied.

55