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CONTENT
NO TOPIC PAGE NO

1 THE PALAS OF BENGAL 3-6

S S
2 SENAS OF BENGAL 7-9
A A
M 3 Delhi Sultanate 10-25 M
P P
4 Slave dynasty 1206 – 1290 11-16
L L
E 5 Khilji dynasty 1290 – 1320 16-19 E
C C
6 TUGHLAQ DYNASTY 1320 -1414 19-22
O O
P 7 LODHI DYNASTY (1451 – 1526) 22-25 P
Y Y
8 THE MUGHALS EMPIRE 1526- 1857 26-59

9 Babur 1526- 1530 26-29

VERY USEFUL FOR WBCS, WBP & OTHER
10 Humayun 30-32
COMPETETIVE EXAM
11 The Sur Empire 1540- 1555 32-37

12 Akbar the Great (1565- 1605 37- 42

13 Jahangir 1605- 1627 42-45

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14 Shah Jahan 1628- 1658 45-51

15 Aurangzeb 1658- 1707 51-54

16 Later Mughals (1707- 1857) 54-59

S 17 Bahadur Shah I (1707- 1712)

A
18 Jahandar Shah (1712- 1713)
M
P 19 Farruk Siyar (1713- 1719)

L
20 Mohammed Shah (1719- 1748)
E
C 21 Ahmed Shah ( 1748- 1754)

O
22 Shah Alam II (1759- 1806)
P
Y 23 Akbar Shah II (1806- 1837)

24 Bahadur Shah II ( 1837- 1862)

25 THE MARATHA (1674- 1818) 60-67

26 Sikhism 68-71

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SOMNATH SIR NOTES

WWW S

https://gsguru.stores.instamojo.com/ S
A
https://www.youtube.com/@somnathbarui/featured M
P
https://www.facebook.com/somnath.barui.79 L
E
https://wa.me/message/UTSYW3KZD3LTB1
C
https://t.me/somnathsir1 O
P
Y

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Somnath Sir Study Material

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TYPING HAND WRITTEN

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CHAPTER - 1 THE PALAS OF BENGAL

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➔ InEastern India after the death of king sashanka in 637 a

situation of political confusion arrived in Bengal the region

witnessed invasion By Yashovarma of kanauj Lalitaditya of

Kashmir and even Bhaskaravarman the ruler of Assam S

➔ This situation is known as Matsyanaya ( the rule of strong A
devoring the weak) M
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➔ Gopala the first king of Pala dynasty where elected Pali and L
Prakit language during this period E
➔ Pala means----. protector
C
O
P
➔ Pala Kingdom included Bengal Bihar major cities are
Y
Pataliputra ,Vikrampura ,Rambati ,Manghyr

,Tamralipta, Jagadala,

➔ The parlours King where the followers of Buddhism specially

mahayana and tantrik School of Buddhism.

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➔ The famous rulers of dynasty --Gopala, Dharampala, Devpala,

Narayan Pala, Mahipala I Rampala

Gopala (750- 770AD)

➔ Founder of Pala dynasty

➔ Authority over almost whole Bengal

➔ Ardent Buddhist

➔ According to Tibetan Lama taranath Gopala built odontopuri S

University A
➔ Kalimpur copper plate inscription of Dharmapala we came to M
know that he rescue people from Matsyanaya and established P
Pala dynasty L
E
Dharma Pala 770- 810AD
C
O
Dharmapala got involved in TriparTite struggle P
Y
Pala Pratihar Rastrakut

➔ Married to Rana Devi ke Raskrakutas princess

➔ Defeated Indra Raja the ruler of kanauj

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➔ he was a great patron of Buddhism and founded Vikramshila

University

➔ He also revived Nalanda University

➔ Built somapuri Mahavira largest Buddhist Mahavira in Indian

subcontinent
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DEVPALA 810 850AD

S
➔ He expanded The Empire by conquering the present day A
Assam and Odisha M
➔ Devpala was also Buddhist P
➔ He donated five villages to the the Sailendra l king Bal Putra L
Deva of Sumatra to build Vihar Buddhist monastery
E
➔ Arab Traveller Sulaiman visited Bengal during his time
C
O
Suleman describe the Pala Empire As “Rumi”
P
Most powerful ruler of Pala Empire
Y
The Buddhist poet Vajradatta was the member of the Devpala

Court

After his nephew Vigrahapala sat on Throne

NARAYAN PAL( 850—908):-

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son of Vigrahapala Narayan Pala was succeeded by week ruler

like Rajyabala Gopala II Vigrapala II

MAHIPALA (988- 1036AD):-

Son of Vigrahapala II to Ascend The Throne in 988AD

Rajendra Chola invaded his state and defeated Mahipala I S

A
Ram Pala 1077-- 1130AD M
P
➔ Are carried out expedition against the L
“Kaibartas” suppressed them and capture their chief E
C
➔ He is mentioned in Sandhyakars book Ram Charitra which is
O
the biography of Rampura
P
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➔ Diman and bitpal were two famous Painters

➔ Jimutavahana Wrote “Day Vag”

➔ Sangharakshita And Dipankar Srijana (Aatish)

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CHAPTER - 2
SENAS OF BENGAL

→The sena dynasty ruled after palas

→Sumanta Sen was the first historical figure founder of this

dynasty

• Vijaya Sen is called the real founder of Sena dynasty

S
→Navdeep was the capital of Sena dynasty
A
→Sanskrit was the main language during this period
M
→Famous king are Vijay sena, ballal Sena, Lakshman Sena
P
L
E
Vijaya Sena 1096-- 1158AD
C
O
➔ Real founder and great king of the sena dynasty
P
➔ His victories are Nanya Deva( king of Nepal and Mithila) Vira
Y
Gauda ,Kaamrupa, Kalinga

➔ All is records are mention in Denopara inscription composed

by the poet umapati Dhar

➔ He founded two capitals vijayapuri in West Bengal and

bikrampura in East Bengal

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➔ He was a devoted follower of Shiva

➔ The famous poet Sriharsha compost Vijaya paristhiti in

memory of Vijaya Sen

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Bhallal Sena 1158-- 1179 AD

➔ His region was peaceful

➔ He was a great scholar

S
A
➔ He wrote Four work ok of which two are extinct
M
P
• DunSagar (A work on Smriti)
L
• AdbhutSagar (A work on astronomy)
E
C
➔ The work Adbhut Sagar was finally completed by his son
O
Lakshman Sena
P
➔ Ballal Sena is created with an important social movement Y
known as KuliNishum

➔ Ballal Charitra ------- Anand Bhatta

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Laxman Sena 1179-- 1206AD

→He defeated the king of Puri Allahabad and Varanasi

→Bakhtiyar Khilji invaded Bengal during this period and

captured his capital Lakhanauti now Noida

→ His Court was Adorned with five great scholar

1. Jaydev Gita Govindam

2. Dhoyi ---Pavanduttam
S
3. Halayudh A
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4. Govardhana M
5. Sharam P
→He was the ruler of entire Bengal and bikrampur was the L
capital city E
→ Lakshman Sen was a devotee of Vishnu and adopted little C
Param Bhagavatta O
P
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CHAPTER - 3
Delhi Sultanate

The defeat of Prithviraj Chauhan in the second Battle of train

1192 by Shaha Uddin Mohammed Ghori started a new era of

Muslim rule in India

The sudden death of Muhammad Ghori 1206 and his failure to

specify succession his three slaves S

• Tajuddin yalduz
A
M
• Nasiruddin Qubacha ➔They fought with each other
P
• Qutubuddin Aibak
L
The period between—( 1206 – 1526) is known as “Period of
E
the Sultan rulers” C
O
P
Who is considered the Which city was chosen
Y
real founder of the by litutmish as the
Delhi Sultanate? capital of the Delhi
(a) lItutmish
Sultanate?
(b) Aibak
(a) Lahore
(c) Balban
(b) Delhi
(o) Aram Shah
(c) Dipalpur
(d) Multan

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The period belong to Five dynasty

Delhi Sultanate

Slave Dynasty Khilji Tuglaq Sayyid Lodhi

(1206-1290) (1290-1320) (1320-1414) (1414-1451) (1451-1526)

Slave dynasty 1206 – 1290

The slave dynasty( mamluk )dynasty mainly comprised of three

small dynasties

Slave dynasty First Ilbari dynasty Second Ilbari

dynasty

↓ ↓ ↓

by Aibak by Iltutmish by Balban

1206 – 1211 1211 – 1246 1246-1290

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Qutubuddin Aibak 1206 -1210
➔A Turkish by origin

➔ Later he made governor

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➔After the death of Ghori Aibak declared him Independent

and set up his own rule at Indraprastha near Delhi

➔Assumed the title of Sultan and made Lahore as his capital

➔He was given the title of lakh Baksh for his generosity

➔Patronised the great scholar Hasan- un-nazmi

➔Started the construction of Qutub Minar after the famous Sufi

Saint Khwaja qutubuddin bakhtiyar kaki

➔It was completed by Iltutmish ,died while playing

Chugan (horse Polo )in 1210

➔ He constructed Quwat- ul- Islam mosque in Delhi and Arahi

Din ka Jhapa

Aram Saha 1210

➔After qutubuddin death his son Aram Saha ascended

➔Not a successful ruler S

➔Iltutmish deposed Aram Saha and secured The Throne For
A
M
himself
P
Ilbari dynasty 1211- 1246 L
E
Shamsuddin Iltutmish 1211- 1236
C
O
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➔greatest slave king and real founder of slave dynasty

belong to to Ilbari tribe hence this dynasty is known as Ilbari

dynasty

➔His half-brother sold him to Aibak

➔ Aibak made him his son in law

➔Appointed him as the Iqutadar of Gwalior

➔In 1211 ltimus defeated aram saha and became the Sultan

➔Shifted capital from Lahore to Delhi

➔Complete Qutub Minar at Delhi

➔Built Ajmer Sharif mosque

➔Introduced Arabic coinage called silver tanka which became

the basic of modern rupee and copper →Jital

➔He organised iqta system and also introduced reforms in Civil

and administration and army

S
➔Started a new class of ruling elites of 40 powerful military
A
leaders known as the forty nobles or chahalgani
M
➔It was under his region that mongols under Chengiz Khan
P
raised Central Asia and saved Delhi Sultanate from the hands of L
Chenghis Khan the Mongol leader by refusing to shelter to E
Khwarizm shah whom Chengiz Khan was chasing C
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➔He patronised Minhaj us siraj author of Tabaquat - i-Nasir

➔He is called the father of Tomb building built Sultan Garhi in

Delhi

Ruknuddin Firoz 1236

➔Son of Iltutmish and was crowned by his mother Shah

Turkan

Raiza Sultan 1236- 1240

➔She was the first and the last Muslim woman ruler of

mediaeval India

➔She rejected the pardha system

➔She was popular among the people but was not acceptable to

the nobles so She appointed slave Yakut as masters of

Royal horses

➔ however in 1240AD Raiza proceeded to Delhi to regain her

control and became the victory of conspiracy and was defeated

S
and killed near Kaithal (Haryana)
A
M
Bahram shah1240-1242 P
L
E
C
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➔After Razia Iltutmish third son Bahram shah was put on the

Throne

➔He was a king by name only while Naib-e-Mamlakat was the

de facto

Masud Shah1242-1246
➔Son of Raknuddddin was deposed after Ghiyasuddin Balban

and Naseeruddin

➔Mohammud mother Malika e jahan conspired against him

Nasiruddin Muhammad as the new Sultan

Nassiruddin Mohmud1246-1266
➔He was the son of Iltutmish and was known as Darvesi king

as he was very pious and noble

➔He died in 1266

SECOND ILBARI DYNASTY

S
Ghiyasuddin Balban A
➔Balban ascended To The Throne in 1266 M
➔ He broke the power of Chalisa
P
L
➔ He appointed spies
E
C
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➔ He created strong centralised Army Diwan i Army

➔ He separated military affairs from finance

department Diwan -I - Wazarat

➔ He introduced new customs (Shijada and Phaibas)

➔ Introduced Persian festival of nauroy

established a separate military department Diwan- i- Ary ---

law and order

➔He took the title of Zil -i-Ilahi (Shadow of gods)

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