Introduction to OSS

Part 2

Recap from Introduction to OSS Part 1

Introduction to OSS OSS File System Basics Basic Commands and Utilities OSS File Editing

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Command Scripting

Module 5

Running OSS Commands from the Guardian Environment and Vice Versa
Guardian
OSH

OSS
gtacl

Guardian files, programs, and objects

OSS files, programs, and objects

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Invoking TACL Commands from OSS (1 of 2)

The gtacl utility creates a Guardian process from the OSS shell environment
Uses Guardian process creation API to:
Create a Guardian process with TACL-like options Create a Guardian TACL process that will execute a single TACL command

Syntax:
$ gtacl -p <program file> $ gtacl -c <operand> [<operand>] [<operand>]

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Invoking TACL Commands from OSS (2 of 2)

option -p <program file>
Starts Guardian process from <program file>
Default: Starts TACL process Can be used with -cpu #, -gpri #, -name /G/name, -debug, ,options

option -c <operand>
Creates a TACL process that executes a single command and then returns to the OSS shell <operand> is command passed to the TACL process
Might require either double or single quotes (" or ') if string contains spaces or metacharacters (details later)

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OSS gtacl Utility Examples (1 of 2)

/users/member[62]: gtacl -name /G/mytac -gpri 150 -cpu 0 -p tacl TACL 1> logon member Password: Last Logon: 22 MAY 1997, 16:38 TACL (T9205D40 - 12JUL96), Operating System D40, Release D43.02 : : $DATA MEMBERA 1> status *,term Process Pri PFR %WT Userid Program file Hometerm $MYTAC 0,72 150 R 000 230,1 $SYSTEM.SYS77.TACL $ZTNT.#PTY004F $Z10R 3,46 171 001 230,1 $SYSTEM.SYS77.TACL $ZTNT.#PTY004F $Z11M X 3,288 170 001 230,1 /bin/gtacl $ZTNT.#PTY004F X 3,292 170 000 230,1 /bin/sh $ZTNT.#PTY004F 3,296 170 001 230,1 $SYSTEM.SYS77.OSH $ZTNT.#PTY004F $DATA MEMBERA 2> EOF! Are you sure you want to stop this TACL (\SOFTED.$MYTAC)?y /users/member[63]: gtacl -p fup copy taclcstm ?TACL MACRO == TACL created this file for your protection. 2 RECORDS TRANSFERRED /users/member[64]: gtacl -p edit "\$data.member.taclcstm;lu a;e" TEXT EDITOR - T9601D20 - (01JUN93) CURRENT FILE IS $DATA.MEMBER.TACLCSTM ?TACL MACRO == TACL created this file for your protection. /users/member[65]:

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OSS gtacl Utility Examples (2 of 2)

/users/member[66]: gtacl -c time January 31, 2001 19:11:06 /users/member[67]: gtacl -c Process Pri PFR $Z10Z 3,36 170 R $Z10R 3,46 171 $Z10Y X 3,288 170 X 3,292 170 3,296 170 "status *,term" %WT Userid Program file 000 34,100 $SYSTEM.SYS77.TACL 001 34,100 $SYSTEM.SYS77.TACL 001 34,100 /bin/gtacl 000 34,100 /bin/sh 001 34,100 $SYSTEM.SYS77.OSH

Hometerm $ZTNT.#PTY004F $ZTNT.#PTY004F $ZTNT.#PTY004F $ZTNT.#PTY004F $ZTNT.#PTY004F

/users/member[68]: gtacl -c 'fileinfo $data.membera.*' $DATA.MEMBERA TACLCSTM Code 101 EOF 2048 Last Modification 31JAN2001 10:32:16 Owner 34,100 RWEP AAAA PExt 8 SExt 32

/users/member[69]:

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Shell Scripts
Shell commands can be stored in ASCII text files (such as command files). Can be programmed like TACL macros. Needs to be secured for execution:
$ chmod $ $ $ u+x my_script # Executes in subshell # Executes in current shell # When my_script is not in PATH

Executed by typing in the filename such as:

my_script . my_script ./my_script

Commands can be stacked by using the semicolon (;)

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Comments and Metacharacters

Comments
# This is a comment to let you know what I am doing.

Metacharacters
$ ` \

The slash \ is used to escape the other metacharacters. The semicolon ; is used to separate commands The ampersand & executes a command in the background The braces { } are used for command grouping (for body of a function) The parens () are used to group commands for a subshell or to identify a function (details later)

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Variables
Name can be any sequence of letters and digits. First character must be a letter. Hyphen - is not allowed. Declaration and initialization:
$ me=Liew $ xyz=" HH # Note absence of blanks # Quotes needed with embedded blanks

Display with echo statement and use of $:

$ echo This is Mr. $me

Removed with the unset command:

$ unset me

No special concatenation operator:

$ me=$me" Goon-Loong" # me has "Liew Goon-Loong" $ me=$me "Sir" # me becomes "Liew Goon-Loong Sir" $ me=$me$xyz # me becomes "Liew Goon-Loong Sir HH"
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alias Command
The alias command is a mechanism for defining new commands. Usage examples:
Defined in this manner:
$ alias w=who $ alias duh=`who; date`

To obtain a listing of defined aliases:

$ alias

To obtain a listing of a specific alias:

$ alias w

Invoked by referring to the name:

$ w

Can be used to stack multiple commands:

$ alias w="who;date; time"
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Control Structures
These control structures allow conditional testing and looping:
if then fi if then else fi for in do done for do done while do done until do done case in esac

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if Statement
Test command is used to ascertain TRUE or FALSE TRUE is 0 and FALSE is 1 In place of test, the bracket pair [ ] can be used Examples:
if test 6 = 6 then echo "equal" else echo "not equal" fi # [ ] is short form for test if [ 6 = 6 ] then echo "Same same, both the same" else echo "Not the same" fi
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test Command Options

General form
test condition or [ condition ]

Some options for condition are:

-a file # True if file exists -d file # True if file exists and is a directory -e file # True if file exists -f file # True if file exists and is a regular file -n string # True if the length of string is nonzero -p file # True if file exists and is a named pipe (FIFO) -r file # True if file exists and process has read permission -s file # True if file exists and has a size > 0 -u file # True if file exists and its set-user ID bit is set -w file # True if file exists and process has write permission -x file # True if file exists and is executable -z string # True if string is null

Use man pages for test to obtain more options

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Loops
for loop
# This script demos use of the for ....do loop. for season in Spring Summer Autumn Winter do echo "Season is " $season done Echo

while loop
# Script to demo while construct and use of expr utility. number=0 while [ "$number" -lt 5 ] do echo "$number" number=`expr $number + 1 ` done echo
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until Loop
Example:
# Script to demo until construct and use of expr utility. number=0 until [ "$number" -gt 5 ] do echo "$number" number=`expr $number + 1 ` done echo

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case Structure
Example:
# Script to demo use of case construct. echo "Enter A, B, or C: \c" read letter # More on read command later case "$letter" in a | A) echo "You entered A." ;; b | B) echo "You entered B." ;; c | C) echo "You entered C." ;; * ) echo "Not A or B or C." ;; esac

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Arguments
Arguments are positional and space separated $0 is the name of the script file $# is the argument count $n is the nth. arguments value $@ is the argument list (like %*% in TACL) $* is also the argument list $$ is PID number of the current process $! is PID number of the most recent background task $? is the exit status of the last executed task or the True or False value from the last execution of the test command

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Argument Usage
Example:
# Script to demo argument usage. # Usage: <This-file> arg1 arg2 arg3 echo "arg count is: $#" echo "arg list is: $@" for arg in $@ do echo $arg done

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read Command
Syntax:
read [ -r ] variablename

where -r specifies that the read command treat a \ (backslash) character as just part of the input line, not as a control character.

Reads from standard input Input items are moved to the target variables If there is only one target, then all input items are moved to that target Line continuation is a slash (\), unless the -r flag is used Default item separator is white space IFS (Internal Field Separator) environment variable is used to specify separators

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Miscellaneous Statements
for, while, or until loops can be interrupted with:
break continue return

break transfers control to the statement after the done statement, terminating execution of the loop continue transfers control to the done statement, which continues execution of the loop return terminates the function or script exit provides a return code to the parent:
Used to terminate a script Non-zero return code represents false, meaning failure Zero return code represents true, meaning success

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Arithmetic on Shell Variables

x=1 x=$x+1 echo $x 1+1 expr 6 5 + 1

x=1 expr $x + 1 2 expr 17 * 6 102

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let Command
x=5 let x=x+1 echo $x 6 X=5 y=6 let "x = x + 1" "y = y - 2" echo $x $y 6 4

let "x = (x + 10) * y" echo $x 64

let (( x = x + 6 )) echo $x 70

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select Command
Useful for continuously displaying a menu to the user Displays each word, preceded by its relative numeric position in list The variable PS3 is displayed as a prompt (default: #?) User keys in a numeric value; var holds corresponding wordi from list Execution stops with break statement or when user enters Control^Y
PS3="Pick one of the above numeric options: " select choice in Add Delete Quit do case "$choice" in Add) echo Acting on Add function;; Delete) echo Acting on Delete function;; Quit) break;; *) echo Wrong choice;; esac done

select var in word1 word2 wordn do command command done 1

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Debugging Scripts
sh -x myscript execute the script and show all the statements that get executed with the variables and wildcards already expanded. check for syntax errors without actually executing the program. sh -n myscript If this returns nothing then your program is free of syntax errors.

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OSS Development

Module 6

OSS Development Environment

Workstation
Editor (for example, CodeWright) FTP (for example, FTPC32) Editor (vi, ed)

HP NonStop Server

Enterprise Toolkit (ETK) Enterprise Plug-in Eclipse

C C++ COBOL

Compilers

Visual Inspect (VI)

Inspect, eInspect

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Editing Source Files

EDIT files
Type 101, exist only in Guardian name space

ASCII text files

Type 180, exist in OSS and Guardian name space

Guardian programs can access only Guardian files

EDIT/TEDIT editors work on only EDIT files

OSS programs can access OSS and Guardian files

vi and ed editors work only ASCII text files

Conversion programs:
EDITTOC converts EDIT file to ASCII text file CTOEDIT converts ASCII text file to EDIT file cp /G/vol/subvol/<editfile> <oss path> converts EDIT file to ASCII text file
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pax Utility
Portable Archive Interchange (pax) utility
POSIX-compliant program Supports ustar and cpio archive formats Reads, writes, and lists members of an archive file Copies directory hierarchies Supports both disk and tape media

Command syntax
Read: List: pax -r [-cdiknuv] [-f archive] ... pax f archive Write: pax -w [-adituvX] [-b blocksize] [-f archive] ...

Notes
ustar format is written by default Standard input/output is assumed if -f flag not provided

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tar Utility
Useful for file transfers
Packs files into archive file on source machine Extracts files from archive file on destination machine

Examples:
To archive all .c and .h files in current directory:
$ tar -cvf tarfile *.c *.h

To archive files in sourcedir directory:

$ tar -cvf tarfile sourcedir

To list archive files in tarfile archive file:

$ tar -tvf tarfile

To extract only .c and .h files from tarfile archive:

$ tar -xvf tarfile *.c *.h

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Transferring Files to OSS

On the UNIX/Windows workstation:
Create pax file
$ pax -w -v -f src.pax [files . . .]

FTP file to OSS environment

$ > > > ftp <OSS host> quote oss cd src put src.pax src.pax

On the OSS host:

Change to src directory
$ cd src

Extract archive files

$ pax -r -v -f src.pax

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Retrieving Files from OSS

On the OSS host:
Create archive file in src directory
$ cd src $ pax -w -v -f paxfile [files . . .]

On the UNIX/Windows workstation:

Get pax file using FTP
$ > > > ftp <OSS host> quote oss cd src get paxfile paxfile

Read pax file

$ pax -r -v -f paxfile

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Native C and C++ Compilers

TNS native C compiler
Accepts K&R C and ISO/ANSI C

TNS native C++ compiler

More powerful than TNS C++ preprocessor Can use forward declarations of class specializations Can use nested templates

Compiler drivers TNS/R

ccomp, cppcomp for Guardian environment c89 for OSS environment

Compiler drivers TNS/E

nmc, nmcPlus for Guardian environment c89 for OSS environment

Guardian and OSS environment cross compilers

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Native c89 C Compiler

Accepts C/C++ language source files that comply with ISO/ANSI C standard. Is supplied with standard header files and run-time libraries Reads input files using OSS APIs
Use /G syntax to access Guardian files

Supports NonStop extensions

Embedded SQL Guardian procedure calls

Supports WIDE data model and native memory model

32-bit integers and 32-bit pointers

Available on OSS and Guardian environments

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Native c89 C Compilation System

Components
sqlcfe Processes embedded NonStop SQL/MP source statements cfe Preprocesses C/C++ source code into binary ucode uopt Optimizes binary ucode ugen Processes binary ucode into binary assembly code as1 Processes binary assembly code into object code nld Links object and library files into an executable program sqlcomp Further processes non-SRL executable file

Input to c89
C source files and object files generated by c89 C Libraries of object files produced by the ar utility or by native compilers in either the OSS or Guardian environments

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Input/Output Files
OSS files
.L Compilation listing .o Object file .a Archive file .srl Shared run-time library (SRL) .c C source file .C C++ source file .cc C++ source file .cpp C++ source file

Guardian files in /G

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Compiling/Linking Flow
pp re ss no su

prog.L

prog.c

eld

c89

-W

a.out

prog.o

ar lib.a prog.o prog2.o prog3.o

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eld

executable

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c89 Command Options (1 of 2)

-c Compiles source file and suppresses binding -g Produces symbolic information for debug -o Produces named output file -D Defines name value -U Undefines name value -E Expands preprocessor directives without compiling -I Changes search order for header files -L Changes search order for libraries -O Optimizes executable -W Uses options specific to NonStop systems

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c89 Command Options (2 of 2)

-Wnolink -Wextensions -Woptimize= -Wsystype= Suppresses linking with nld Enables NonStop extensions Specifies optimization level 0, 1, or 2 (default is 1) Execution environment, default OSS

-Wnld= or Weld= Passes arguments to nld/eld utility

-Wsqlcomp=[args] Invokes NonStop SQL/MP compiler, sqlcomp -Wrunnamed -Wfieldalign -Winnerlist -Wsuppress
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Directs nld/eld to set RUNNAMED ON Controls alignment within structures Shows generated instructions for each statement Default mode, suppresses listing
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c89 Command Examples

To compile test.c and produce a.out executable:
$ c89 test.c

To create native SRL, called mylib, in current directory:

$ c89 -Wsrl -Wnld=-ul -o mylib mylib.c

To compile source code modules x.c, y.c, and z.c; bind object files into executable called tst; and produce symbolic information for debugging:
$ c89 -g -o tst x.c y.c z.c

To compile a source file having HP NonStop SQL/MP statements, without sqlcomp phase:
$ c89 srvr.c -Wsql

To compile a source file having SQL/MP statements, including sqlcomp phase:

$ c89 srvr.c -Wsql -Wsqlcomp="catalog \$data.applcat"
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The make Program

Compatible with the UNIX make program Default make file names
makefile, Makefile, s.makefile, and s.Makefile

make file rules

Default rules kept in /usr/share/mk/posix.mk

Macros typically defined in the UNIX make file

CC = cc

Macros defined in the OSS make file

CC = c89 CFLAGS = -Wextensions

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COBOL Compilers
cobol Compiles standard TNS COBOL85 programs nmcobol Compiles G native COBOL85 programs ecobol Compiles H & J native COBOL85 programs Use man utility to find out information about compilation options

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OSS Development Utilities

ar nm File archiver, for example:
$ ar tv libc.a

Displays binary file symbolic information, for example:

$ nm object.o

strip strings lex yacc

Removes the symbolic debugging information and symbol tables from an executable file Finds printable strings in files Lexical analyzer program generator Parser program generator Native object file tool

nld & eld Native link editor noft & enoft

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Creating a Guardian Executable in the OSS Environment

Use -Wsystype=guardian to generate a Guardian object file Macros predefined:
_TANDEM_SOURCE _GUARDIAN_TARGET

Attributes turned on:

HIGHPIN HIGHREQUESTER

WIDE model only Example:

$ c89 $ exit TACL> run newprog -Wsystype=guardian -o /G/data/fred/newprog prog.c

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Debugging a Program
Run program under control of the Inspect debugger
Use Inspect (or native inspect) or Visual Inspect debugger Source-level process debugging

Inspect
$ run -debug program Equivalent to RUND or RUNV program from TACL

eInspect
gtacl p einspect

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Visual Inspect
Powerful, easy-to-use visual interface Improved data structure handling and COBOL support Better windows management System-level and application-level debugging Support for distributed, multiprocess applications Improved program navigation Support for postmortem debugging

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SQL/MX Processes
OSS Environment Guardian Environment

MXCI

MXCMP

MXRTDSRV

DML Statements

NonStop Kernel Environment

DP2 DP2

SQL/MX Database
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SQL/MX Catalog
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Compiling a C/C++ SQL/MX Program (option 1)

MyProg.sql SQL/MX C/C++ Source File SQL/MX C/C++ Preprocessor

mxsqlc

eld Linker

eld

MyProg.c or MyProg.cpp

Annotated C/C++ Source File

SQL/MX object

MyProg.exe

mxCompileUserModule /usr/bin/c89 C/C++ Compiler SQL/MX Compiler

MyProg.o

C/C++ object

SQL/MX executable

MyProg.exe

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Compiling a C/C++ SQL/MX Program (option 2)

SQL/MX C/C++ Source File SQL/MX C/C++ Preprocessor

Annotated C/C++ Source File

SQL/MX Module Definition File

C/C++ Compiler

SQL/MX Compiler

C/C++ Executable
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SQL/MX Module File

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OSS-Hosted SQL/MX C/C++ Preprocessor

Running the preprocessor
mxsqlc myProg.sql -c myProg.cpp -m myProg.m -l myProg.lst

mxsqlc [ [ [ [ [ [

source-file -c out-file ] -m module-definition-file ] -l list-file ] -p ] -t timestamp ] -d flag [=value] ]

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SQL/MX Compiler (1 of 2)
Installed in $system.system Compiler functions are as follows:
Expands SQL object names by using the current default settings Expands any view definitions Performs type checking for C/C++, NMCOBOL and SQL data types Checks SQL object references to verify their existence Determines an optimized execution plan and access path for each DML statement Generates executable code for the execution plans and creates an SQL module Places the module in the /usr/tandem/sqlmx/USER MODULES subdirectory or embedded in executable file Generates a list of the SQL statements in the program file Returns a completion code
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SQL/MX Compiler (2 of 2)
Running the SQL/MX compiler for module files

mxcmp -e -v myProg.m
Running the SQL/MX compiler for embedded modules

mxCompileUserModule -e -v myProg.exe
Running the SQL/MX compiler from c89

c89 -Wsqlmx -Wmxcmp -o sqlprog.exe sqlprog.ec

Running the SQL/MX compiler from ecobol

ecobol -Wsqlmx -Wmxcmp -o sqlprog.exe sqlprog.ecob

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$RECEIVE Handling
Same usage as within Guardian requesters/servers For servers:
Use FILE_OPEN_ to open $RECEIVE Use REPLY[x] to return response

For requesters:
Use FILE_OPEN_ to open server process by name Use WRITEREAD[x] for two-way communication

Usage:
Server: Requester: $ run -name=/G/<srv-name> <srvobj> $ run <reqobj>

Issue: How can requesters and servers be folded into the Pathway environment?
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Pathway Specifics (1 of 2)
Requester:
Consider using PATHSEND APIs Replace FILE_OPEN_ and WRITEREAD[x] with:
SERVERCLASS_SEND_ SERVERCLASS_SEND_INFO_

Server:
Can still use REPLY[x] Needs PATHWAY configuration update

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Pathway Specifics (2 of 2)
Server configuration needs:
set server processtype OSS set server cwd <OSS-pathname> set server stdin <fname> set server stdout <fname> set server stderr <fname> set server program <object-pathname>

These conflict with processtype OSS:

set server IN set server OUT <fname> <fname>

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dot1test
/bin/unsupported/dot1test
Allows you to call APIs interactively (OSS version of lispproc). Example:
/home/software/tome: dot1test Welcome to dot1test, version 2.25 30NOV96. *** type "help new" for a list of the latest features & bug fixes in dot1test proc name <exit>: open path <"">: /bin/ls oflag <0x00000002 (O_RDWR)>: O_RDONLY mode:<enter> open() succeeded, returned fildes == 3. proc name <open>:
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NonStop + Open Source

Higher productivity through Unix/linux like environment. 200+ Open Source ready to run out of the box on Sseries and NonStop Integrity. Porting time and effort dramatically reduced. Runtime Open Source opening a wide range of applications to run on NonStop without porting efforts.

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Getting started.
Download Open Source from: Connect: http://www.connect-community.org/ Internet: Java, Perl, Php or python based Open Source. ITUG downloads are delivered as file.tar.z .z: You can use winzip, gzip or jar. .tar: use pax or tar utilities in OSS Extract the download under / and read:
/usr/local/Floss/<package>/README_FLOSS

Your software is ready to use! No need to run Configure or make

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200+ Open Source on S & NS Series

GUI apps X11 Samba vnc Gvim LPRng Productivity Editors Vim nano Emacs ed Security bash Openssl cscope Openssh wget sudo findutils Dev tools Gnupg dmalloc stunnel Languages cvs Perl floss Python make ruby php
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App servers Apache Zope

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Active community
Special Interest Group "Open SIG register at http://www.connect-community.org/ Now regroups Java, OSS and Open Source interests. You can still also use the Tandem Newsgroup:

news:comp.sys.tandem
Remember Open Source is often not supported but you can get help in many various ways (FAQ, Newsgroup, Project page, ). NED/GMCSC supported Open Source:
NonStop XML Parser = Apache Xerces C++ 2.4.0 NonStop Fast XML Parser = Expat 1.95.7 NonStop Soap Client = gSOAP 2.6 NS/JSP = Apache Tomcat LDAP client SDK = Mozilla's Directory SDK 3.0 XSLT Version 2.0 Stylesheet Processor for C++

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Integration into OSS

If you want minimum impact on the OSS behavior, place /usr/local/bin at the end of the PATH: export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/bin If placing /usr/local/bin at the beginning of the PATH: export PATH=/usr/local/bin:$PATH Then Open Source commands will be used instead of OSS commands (e.g. if you install grep from Floss). Most Open Source can be installed as a regular user. This makes sure you wont alter any existing system directory or settings.

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Integration into OSS: Documentation

Open Source man(ual) pages are often delivered in /usr/local/man. Default search order: But the OSS man commands also scans other /usr/share/man/manX directories by default:

/usr/local/man/manX /usr/share/man/catX /usr/local/man/catX

So if you install OpenSource grep, man will find the OpenSource grep man page first:
/usr/local/man/man1/grep.1 <-- Open Source grep /usr/share/man/cat1/grep.1 <-- OSS grep

Solution: Use MANPATH: ie: to access only OSS commands documentation:

Permanent: export MANPATH=/usr/share/man Temporary: man M /usr/share/man <man page>

G06.27 search order corrected in the man documentation

It was incorrectly documented before.
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Integration into OSS: Documentation

A possible second issue is that OSS man supports only ASCII man pages.
/home/roland [2145]: man grep Nroff/troff is not currently installed, this must be installed in order to use formatted man pages.

To support those formats you can:

Install the OpenSource utility nroff and create a symbolic link /bin/nroff to point to /usr/local/bin/nroff: ln -s /usr/local/bin/nroff /bin/nroff Install OpenSource man: Package Man_db (requires: Grep, Groff, Gzip, Less, Sed, Textutils.)

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Samba: Connecting from start/Run

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Vim - Vi Improved, an Enhanced vi Editor

Vim is a nearly fully-compatible version of the vi editor. Features include multi-level undo, syntax highlighting, command line history, online help, filename completion, and block operations. Vim is a major enhancement to the vi editor. The following screen demonstrates use of the syntaxaware feature of Vim. Note the use of color to differentiate the various syntactical elements of a C program.

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Vim - Vi Improved, an Enhanced vi Editor (contd)

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NonStop support for best-in-class frameworks

Apache MyFaces Apache Axis2

Component based web UI framework

Web services framework

Spring
Framework for developing apps using POJO components

Hibernate
Object Relational Mapping framework

SASH : MyFaces, Axis2, Spring, Hibernate

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Future product plans, dates, and functionality are subject to change without notice

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Where do SASH frameworks fit?

Mapping SASH to requirements for enterprise Java apps

Presentation Business logic

NonStop SQL/MX
Persistence Services

Web Services

NSJSP (Tomcat) NonStop TS/MP NonStop OS

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Scalable and available SASH execution container

Future product plans, dates, and functionality are subject to change without notice

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End-to-end scalability and availability

Transparent Scalability Fault Tolerance

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OSS Manuals
http://docs.hp.com/ Open System Services Installation Guide Open System Services Library Calls Reference Manual Open System Services Management and Operations Guide Open System Services Porting Guide Open System Services Programmers Guide Open System Services Shell and Utilities Reference Manual Open System Services System Calls Reference Manual Open System Services Users Guide

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