Table of Fourier Transform Pairs

Function, f(t) Fourier Transform, F(w)

Definition of Inverse Fourier Transform Definition of Fourier Transform

¥ ¥
1 jwt - jwt
f (t ) =
2p ò F (w )e dw F (w ) = ò f (t )e dt
-¥ -¥

f (t - t 0 ) F (w )e - jwt0

f (t )e jw 0t F (w - w 0 )

f (at ) 1 w
F( )
a a

F (t ) 2pf (-w )

d n f (t ) ( jw ) n F (w )
dt n

(- jt ) n f (t ) d n F (w)
dw n

t F (w )
+ pF (0)d (w )
ò f (t )dt
jw
-¥

d (t ) 1

e jw 0 t 2pd (w - w 0 )

sgn (t) 2
jw

Signals & Systems - Reference Tables 1

 Fourier Transform Table
UBC M267 Resources for 2005

F (t) Fb(ω) Notes (0)

Z ∞
f (t) f (t)e−iωt dt Definition. (1)
−∞
Z ∞
1
fb(ω)eiωt dω fb(ω) Inversion formula. (2)
2π −∞

fb(−t) 2πf (ω) Duality property. (3)

1
e−at u(t) a constant, <e(a) > 0 (4)
a + iω
2a
e−a|t| a constant, <e(a) > 0 (5)
a2 + ω2

1, if |t| < 1, sin(ω)
β(t) = 2 sinc(ω) = 2 Boxcar in time. (6)
0, if |t| > 1 ω
1
sinc(t) β(ω) Boxcar in frequency. (7)
π
f 0 (t) iω fb(ω) Derivative in time. (8)

f 00 (t) (iω)2 fb(ω) Higher derivatives similar. (9)

d
tf (t) i fb(ω) Derivative in frequency. (10)
dω
d2
t2 f (t) i2 2 fb(ω) Higher derivatives similar. (11)
dω
eiω0 t f (t) fb(ω − ω0 ) Modulation property. (12)
 
t − t0
f ke−iωt0 fb(kω) Time shift and squeeze. (13)
k

(f ∗ g)(t) fb(ω)b
g (ω) Convolution in time. (14)

0, if t < 0 1
u(t) = + πδ(ω) Heaviside step function. (15)
1, if t > 0 iω

δ(t − t0 )f (t) e−iωt0 f (t0 ) Assumes f continuous at t0 . (16)

eiω0 t 2πδ(ω − ω0 ) Useful for sin(ω0 t), cos(ω0 t). (17)

Z ∞ Z ∞
Convolution: (f ∗ g)(t) = f (t − u)g(u) du = f (u)g(t − u) du.
−∞ −∞
Z ∞ Z ∞
1 2
fb(ω) dω.
2
Parseval: |f (t)| dt =
−∞ 2π −∞
 1 sgn(w )
j
pt

u (t ) 1
pd (w ) +
jw

¥ ¥
å Fn e jnw 0t 2p å Fnd (w - nw 0 )
n = -¥ n = -¥

t wt
rect ( ) tSa( )
t 2

B Bt w
Sa( ) rect ( )
2p 2 B

tri (t ) w
Sa 2 ( )
2

pt t Ap cos(wt )
A cos( )rect ( )
2t 2t t (p ) 2 - w 2
2t

cos(w 0 t ) p [d (w - w 0 ) + d (w + w 0 )]

sin(w 0 t ) p
[d (w - w 0 ) - d (w + w 0 )]
j

u (t ) cos(w 0 t ) p
[d (w - w 0 ) + d (w + w 0 )] + 2 jw 2
2 w0 - w

u (t ) sin(w 0 t ) p 2
[d (w - w 0 ) - d (w + w 0 )] + 2w 2
2j w0 - w

u (t )e -at cos(w 0 t ) (a + jw )
w 02 + (a + jw ) 2

Signals & Systems - Reference Tables 2

u (t )e -at sin(w 0 t ) w0
w 02 + (a + jw ) 2

e
-a t 2a
a2 +w2
2
/( 2s 2 ) 2
w2 / 2
e -t s 2p e -s

u (t )e -at 1
a + jw

u (t )te -at 1
(a + jw ) 2

Ø Trigonometric Fourier Series

¥
f (t ) = a 0 + å (a n cos(w 0 nt ) + bn sin(w 0 nt ) )
n =1

where

1 T 2T
a0 =
T ò0 f (t )dt , a n = ò f (t ) cos(w 0 nt )dt , and
T0
2T
bn = ò f (t ) sin(w 0 nt )dt
T 0

Ø Complex Exponential Fourier Series

¥
1T
f (t ) = å Fn e jwnt
, where Fn = ò f (t )e - jw 0 nt dt
T 0
n = -¥

Signals & Systems - Reference Tables 3

Some Useful Mathematical Relationships

e jx + e - jx
cos( x) =
2

e jx - e - jx
sin( x) =
2j

cos( x ± y ) = cos( x) cos( y ) m sin( x) sin( y )

sin( x ± y ) = sin( x) cos( y ) ± cos( x) sin( y )

cos(2 x) = cos 2 ( x) - sin 2 ( x)

sin( 2 x) = 2 sin( x) cos( x)

2 cos2 ( x) = 1 + cos(2 x)

2 sin 2 ( x) = 1 - cos(2 x)

cos 2 ( x) + sin 2 ( x) = 1

2 cos( x) cos( y ) = cos( x - y ) + cos( x + y )

2 sin( x) sin( y ) = cos( x - y ) - cos( x + y )

2 sin( x) cos( y ) = sin( x - y ) + sin( x + y )

Signals & Systems - Reference Tables 4

Useful Integrals

sin(x)
ò cos( x)dx
- cos(x)
ò sin( x)dx
cos( x) + x sin( x)
ò x cos( x)dx
sin( x) - x cos( x)
ò x sin( x)dx

òx
2
cos( x)dx 2 x cos( x) + ( x 2 - 2) sin( x)

òx
2
sin( x)dx 2 x sin( x) - ( x 2 - 2) cos( x)

ax
òe dx e ax
a

ax
ò xe dx éx 1 ù
e ax ê - 2 ú
ëa a û

2 ax
òx e dx é x 2 2x 2 ù
e ax ê - 2 - 3 ú
ëa a a û

dx 1
ò a + bx b
ln a + bx

dx 1 bx
ò a 2 + b 2x2 tan -1 ( )
ab a

Signals & Systems - Reference Tables 5