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Confined Space General Requirements
1. Before work begins, ensure that competent person identifies all confines spaces in in which one or more of the employees it directs may work, and identifies each space that is a permit space, through consideration and evaluation of the elements of that space including testing as necessary. 2. Inform exposed employees by posting danger signs. Ex. “DANGER – PERMIT -REQUIRED CONFINED SPACE, DO NOT ENTER”. 3. Written permit space program. Available prior to and during entry for inspection by employees and their authorized representatives. 4. Before entry, internal atmosphere must be tested , with a calibrated direct-reading instrument for oxygen,flammable gas,vaposr and potential toxic air contaminants. 5. Continuous forced air ventilation. Employee must not enter the space until all the forced air ventilation has eliminated any hazardous atmosphere. Forced air ventilation must be so directed as to ventilate the immediate areas where an employee is or will be present within the space and must continue until all employees have left. The air supply for the forced air ventilation must be from a clean source and must not increase the hazards in the space. 6. The atmosphere within the space must be continuously monitored . ensure that the monitoring equipment has an alarm that will notify all entrants if a specified atmospheric threshold is achieved. 7. If hazard is detected during entry each employee must leave the space immediately. 8. Ensure a safe method of entering and exiting the space. Hoisting equipment is used , it mus be designed and manufactured for personal hoisting. 9. Appropriate Permit space entry communication and coordination between the contractor and subcontractor. 10. Provide atleast one authorized attendant outside the permit space into which entry is authorized for the duration of entry operations. 11. Develop and implement procedure for summoning resvue and emergency services for rescuing entrants from permit space. 12. Develop and implement system for preparation,issuance,use and cancellation of entry permits. 13. Develop and implement procedures for closing and cancelling the permit. 14. An approved Permit to work must be obtained from the contractor- PTW must document the completion of measures required, entry supervisor must sign the permit, permit must be available at the entry portal. Duration of permit must noyt exceed the time required to complete the task or job identified in the permit. - Cancel the entry permit when the entry permit when the entry operations covered by the permit has been completed. - Suspend permit when a different condition arises that is not allowed under the permit.
Entry Permit Informations
- Permit space to be entered.
- Purpose of entry - Date and authorized duration of entry - Name of entrants - Means of detecting increase of atmospheric hazard levels in the event ventilation system stops working. - Ech person serving as attendant - Entry supervisor name with sign. - Hazards of permit space to be entered. - Measures used to isolate the hazards in permit space. - Acceptable entry conditions - Results of test monitoring - Rescue and emergency services - Communication procedures. - Equipment such as ppe,testing equipment, communications equipment, alarm system, rescue equipment 15. Provide training to each employees entering the space. 16. Entrants, attendants entry supervisor must full understand their duties prior to entry within the space. 17. Designate rescue team who has ability to respond to a rescue summons in a timely manner and fully trained. Provide PPE needed to conduct rescues safely and trained to use. Train the rescue team prior to first aid and CPR. 18. Each entrant must use full body harness with retrieval line attached to mechanical device or fixed point outside the space.
Flammable gases are substances that can easily ignite and burn when exposed to heat, sparks, flames, or other sources of ignition12. They are explosive when mixed with air or oxygen in the right proportions1. Examples of flammable gases include: Propane Hydrogen Butane Methane Ethylene Acetylene Ammonia Ethane Silane1. Combustible gases are gases that can potentially ignite when mixed with oxygen or an oxidizing agent1234. Examples of combustible gases include: Hydrogen Methane Propane Iso-butane Carbon monoxide Toxic air contaminants, also known as hazardous air pollutants, are substances that cause or are suspected of causing cancer, birth defects, or other serious harms12. They can be gases (e.g. hydrogen chloride, benzene, toluene) or compounds and metals (e.g. asbestos, cadmium, mercury, chromium)1. Common pollutants include particulate matter, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, and ground-level ozone3.
