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    Eye Central OSPE, SUST. Md. Hasibul Hasan-1

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    sifualbatross

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    Eye Central OSPE, SUST. Md. Hasibul Hasan-1

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    sifualbatross
    19 views29 pages

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    19 views29 pages

    Eye Central OSPE, SUST. Md. Hasibul Hasan-1

    Uploaded by

    sifualbatross

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    a) Identify the instrument.

    Ans: This is the picture showing Schiotz tonometer with


    measuring weight such as 5.5 gram, 7.5 gram, 10 gram
    (which is present)

    b) Name the use of this instrument.

    Ans: to measure the intraocular pressure.

    c) Define glaucoma.

    Ans: Glaucoma: It maybe defined as chronic progressive


    optic neuropathy with characteristic structural (optic disc
    cupping or excavation) and functional changes (visual field
    defect) with or without rise of IOP.

    d) Define IOP and what is the range of IOP.

    Ans: IOP: It is the lateral pressure exerted by the intraocular


    contents on the coats of eyeball.

    Range of IOP: 11-21 mm of Hg.


    ♦♦♦♦♦♦
    a) Identify it.

    Ans: This is the picture showing chalazion clamp.

    b) Write the parts of it.


    Ans:

    2 limbs: one is serrated, tip of this limb has a circular


    fenestration. (Conjunctival side)

    Tip of other limb is flattened in the form of round disc (skin


    side)

    1 screw.

    c) Write its one important indication?

    Ans: Chalazion operation (incision and curettage)

    d) if untreated what are the fates of such condition.

    Ans:

    1. Spontaneous resolution

    2. Remain as it is

    3. Increasing in size

    4. It maybe infected-internal hordeolum

    5. Burst

    6. Calcification

    7. Malignancy (rarely)
    ♦♦♦♦♦♦
    a) Identify it.
    Ans: This is a picture showing Citelli’s punch forceps. (*it is
    used commonly, face upward, another type is sphenoidal
    punch forceps which face downwards)

    b) What is the purpose and complications of its use?

    Ans:

    Purpose of use: to cut the bone and enlarge the ostium in


    dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR).

    Complication:

    1. Damage to nasal mucosa and lacrimal sac.

    2. Damage to surrounding tissue- bleeding.

    c) Mention 4 contraindications of DCR.

    Ans:

    Absolute contraindication:

    1. Malignancy of lacrimal sac

    2. Atrophic rhinitis

    Relative contraindication:

    1. Gross DNS

    2. Big nasal polyp.

    3. Hypertrophied inferior turbinate.

    4. Age below 4 years.

    5. Acute dacryocystitis.
    d) What are the causes of failed DCR?

    Ans:

    Faulty selection of the patient

    1. Fibrosed sac.

    2. DNS with hypertrophied inferior turbinate.

    3. Atrophic rhinitis.

    Faulty technique:

    1. Small ostium, High up ostium

    2. Improper anastomosis.
    ♦♦♦♦♦♦
    a) Identify the instrument.

    Ans: Chalazion clamp.

    b) Name three uses of the instrument.

    Ans:
    1. Fixation of chalazion of eyelid
    2. Eversion of eyelid
    3. Haemostasis
    4. Proper exposure

    c) Write 2 differences between stye and chalazion.

    Ans:

    Chalazion Stye
    !. It is a chronic 2. It is an acute
    granulomatous suppurative inflammation
    (lipogranulomatous) of the follicles of eyelash
    inflammation of the including gland of the zeis
    meibomian gland. or moll.
    2. Chronic 2. Acute
    3. Painless swelling 3. painful swelling
    4. Nontender 4. Tender
    5. Skin over swelling free 5. Fixed
    from it.
    6. Need surgical treatment 6. Response to
    conservative treatment

    d) Name the direction of incision during the operation with


    this instrument.

    Ans: Vertical incision to prevent damage or cut of other


    ducts of meibomian glands.
    ♦♦♦♦♦♦
    ♦♦♦
    a) Identify the instrument.

    Ans: This is a picture showing universal eye speculum.

    b) Name 2 uses of this instrument.

    Ans:

    1. Removal of foreign body of cornea and


    conjunctivitis.
    2. Pterygium operation
    3. Squint operation
    4. Evisceration & enucleation.

    c) Write 2 indications of evisceration.

    Ans:

    1. Endophthalmitis
    2. Pan-ophthalmitis
    3. Expulsive haemorrhage.

    d) Name 2 indications of enucleation.

    Ans: Absolute

    1. Retinoblastoma
    2. Malignant melanoma of choroid

    Relative

    3. Painful blind eye due to trauma


    4. Anterior staphyloma
    5. Phthisis bulbi
    6. Absolute glaucoma
    7. To collect donor eye from cadaveric body for
    keratoplasty.

    Other questions:

     What are the parts of it?


    Ans: It has a spring, 2 limbs and a screw to
    adjacent the limbs.
     What are the advantages of it?
    Ans:
    1. More field of exposure
    2. It can be used for both eyes.
    ♦♦♦♦♦♦
    a) Write the name of this instrument.

    Ans: DCR bone trephine with a central fixator

    b) Write its indication.

    Ans: To make the bony ostium in Dacryocystorhinostomy


    (DCR) Operation.

    c) Name the bones that will be cut by this instrument.

    Ans:

    1. Frontal process of maxilla


    2. Lacrimal bone
    3. Part of ethomoid bone. (Sometimes)
    d) Write the contraindication of DCR.

    Ans: Written before.


    ♦♦♦♦♦♦
    a) Identify it.

    Ans: This is a picture showing Irrigation – aspiration two


    way canula

    b) What are 3 indications of its use?

    Ans:

    1. Cataract surgery
    2. Glaucoma surgery
    3. Keratoplasty
    4. Repair of corneal injury

    c) Write down the complications of its use.

    Ans:

    1. Corneal endothelial damage


    2. Posterior capsule rupture.

    d) Mention the late post operative complications of


    cataract surgery.

    Ans:

    1. Cystoid racular oedema


    2. Chronic endophthalmitis
    3. Post capsular opacity
    4. Retinal detachment
    ♦♦♦♦♦♦
    a) Mention 3 indications of its use.

    Ans:

    Diagnostic use:

    1. Fundoscopy
    2. Retinoscopy
    3. Cycloplegic refraction.

    Therapeutic use:

    1. Acute anterior uveitis


    2. Corneal ulcer
    3. Malignant glaucoma
    4. Neovascular glaucoma.

    b) Write down its 4 ocular side effects

    Ans:

    1. Mydriasis
    2. Cycloplegia
    3. Total loss of accommodation
    4. Blurring and dimness of vision

    c) What is its mechanism of action.

    Ans: Blocking of muscarinic receptors of sphincter


    pupillae > radial muscles of iris remain unopposed >
    dilatation of pupil( mydriasis)

    d) Mention the role of it’s use in acute anterior uveitis.


    Ans: 1. Relieve pain- by preventing spasm of ciliary
    muscle and sphincter pupillae. 2. Prevent formation of
    posterior synechia. 3. Breakdown recently formed
    synechia.

     Identify the picture ?

    Ans: This is a picture showing a phial


    containing atropine.
    ♦♦♦♦♦♦
    a) Identify it.
    Ans: This is a picture showing Irrigation – aspiration two
    way canula

    b) Write the name of operation where it is used.

    Ans: written above

    c) What hazards may occur during the use of this


    instrument.

    Ans: Written above. Complications.

    d) Name the fluids that are used.

    Ans: Normal saline, ringers solution, Hartman’s solution.


    ♦♦♦♦♦♦

    A work by Md. Hasibul Hasan Chowdhury,


    19/25,JRRMCH
    a) Identify the structures in the photograph.

    Ans: This is a picture showing lacrimal apparatus. It


    includes:

    Secretory portion:

    1. Main lacrimal gland


    2. Accessory lacrimal glands
    Drainage portion:
    3. Lacrimal puncta
    4. Lacrimal canaliculi
    5. Lacrimal sac
    6. Nasolacrimal duct
    b) What is epiphora?

    Ans: It is the excessive secretion of tears due to


    interference of the lacrimal drainage system.

    c) What is lacrimation?

    Ans: It maybe defined as watering of the eye due to


    overproduction of tear.

    d) Where the nasolacrimal duct open?

    Ans: Inferior nasal meatus.


    ♦♦♦♦♦♦

    A work by Md. Hasibul Hasan Chowdhury, 19/25, JRRMCH


    a) What is the name of operation done here?

    Ans:

    b) Write down 4 indications of this operation.

    Ans: Mutilating surgery : Enucleation.

    c) Mention 3 indications of enucleation in retinoblastoma.

    Ans:

    1. Invasion of optic Nerve


    2. Extrascleral extension
    3. Tumor mass filling half of the eye
    4. Tumor related to retinal detachments.
    d) Write down 3 causes of pseudohypopyon.

    Ans:

    1. Retinoblastoma
    2. Lymphoma
    3. Malignant melanoma of choroid.
    ♦♦♦♦♦♦
    a) Name the showed picture.

    Ans: This is a picture showing convex spherical trial lens.


    b) Mention the identifying points.

    Ans:

    1. Magnification of the image of object


    2. Images of object moves in both meridians and in
    opposite direction
    3. No distortion of the image of the object

    c) Write its use.

    Ans:

    1. Hypermetropia
    2. Presbyopia
    3. Aphakia

    d) Define ametropia.

    Ans: If parallel rays of light coming from infinity do not


    form a point focus on the retina when accommodation is
    at rest.
    ♦♦♦♦
    A work by Md. Hasibul Hasan Chowdhury, 19/25, JRRMCH
    a) Identify the picture in the photograph.

    Ans: This is a picture showing

    b) What are the parts of it?

    Ans:

    1. Central part or optical part


    2. Haptic part

    c) Name its composition.

    Ans:

    Nonfoldable- Polymethyl methacrylate

    Foldable- acrylate, silicone

    d) Name the sutureless cataract surgeries.

    Ans:

    1. Small incision cataract surgery(SICS)


    2. Smaller incision cataract surgery (Phaco
    emulsification)
    3. Smallest incision, Phaconit
    4. Very smallest incision, microphaconit.

    A work by Md. Hasibul Hasan Chowdhury, 19/25, JRRMCH

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