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International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Development-– Volume 6 Issue 2, Mar-Apr 2023
Available at www.ijsred.com
RESEARCH ARTICLE OPEN ACCESS
IOT & RFID BASED WIRELESS VEHICLE CHARGING USING

ARDUINO
Mr.K.Sandeep Kumar*,P.Ameer**, G.Ganesh ***, B.Adarsh****,N.Deepthi ***** ,K.Ajay******
(Associate. Prof , ECE Dept, Siddartha institute of science and Technology, Puttur, A.P, India)1
(B.Tech. IV Year Student, ECE Dept, Siddartha institute of science and Technology, Puttur, A.P, India )2
(Email.id:- prodduturameer8552@gmail.com)
************************
Abstract:
The automotive industry is swiftly changing from an Internal Combustion age to the new one to an electric vehicle
from an engine vehicle. The demand for electric vehicles is rising, which also causes a rise in the number of charging
stations. The wireless charging system proposed in this project, used to charge the vehicles wirelessly using inductive
coupling. The automobile only needs to be parked on the charging location for picking the charge. Wireless Power
Transmission is the term used to describe the transmission of electrical energy from a source to a load at a distance
without the use of conducting wires or cables. There is no need for any human contact with this device. One of the
technologies that may be used in the future is wireless power transmission possibly to overcome the problems that
encountered using the conventional charging system
Keywords— Wireless charger Module transmitter & Receiver , Arduino Uno(Microcontroller), RFID, Battery, Liquid
Crystal Display, Node MCU.
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I.INTRODUCTION would otherwise be difficult or impractical to access
We exist in a highly developed technological world. thanks to the invention of WPT technology. Utilizing
New tools are created daily to make our lives easier. inductive coupling to power the batteries of electric
Despite this, we still charge our daily electronic vehicles may be the next big thing.
gadgets with traditional wires. The conventional The objective of this piece is to design an electric
wiring system gets muddled when several electric cars vehicle wireless charging station and charging
are being charged simultaneously. Additionally, it platform that can wirelessly transmit electricity
consumes many of the charging port's receptacles. through space and charge an electric vehicle's battery.
What if there was a method to charge all of these Inductive coupling is used in the system to transmit
electric vehicles simultaneously without using cables electricity from a transmitter to a resistive load or the
and without creating a mess? is a possible question at battery of an electric car.
this time. We gave it some thought and came up with
an idea. The solution to this problem is inductive If effective, recharging the battery of an electric car
coupling, a rapid and effective technique for wireless made more straightforward and uncomplicated by
power transmission.. eliminating the need for cords. Additionally, it would
ensure the security of the battery because there would be
Wireless power transmission (WPT) is the efficient no possibility of harm.
transmission of electric power from one place to
another across a hoover or an environment without the
use of wire or any other substance. When
instantaneous or continuous energy transfer is needed
but conventional cables are excessively expensive, this
can be used. difficult, dangerous, unwanted, or
impossible. Power can be transferred over short,
middle, and long distances using electromagnetic
wave power transfer, resonant induction, and inductive
coupling. Power can now be delivered to locations that
ISSN : 2581-7175 ©IJSRED: All Rights are Reserved Page 885

on-board fast charging can be easily accomplished using
II. LITERATURE SURVEY
the fuel cell as the DC source thanks to a variety of power
Akhil A. G. , Harisankar S. , Jishnu K. ,
converters, although the Single-Ended Primary Inductor
Sreenand S. , Vivek Vijay, Asha C. A., Dr. Preetha
Converter (SEPIC) would work most effectively in the
.P[1] Electric vehicle wireless charging system in aforementioned scenario.
conjunction: For the past ten years, energy-efficient
alternatives to automobiles with internal combustion
P. R. Shabarish, R. Krishna, P. Prasanth [4], Fuzzy based
engines have been steadily developing in the form of
Approach to Enhance the Wireless Charging System in
electric vehicles. With increasing horsepower and
ElectricVehicles The infrastructure for electric vehicle
range, EVs are becoming more dependable. By
(EV) charging is limited to the place and time. To facilitate
offering wireless charging to electric automobiles,
the EV charging at parking lots and slow-moving traffic,
this technology can increase their accessibility. A
the wireless charging system is proposed. An attempt has
fascinating development that makes charging for
been made to transfer the power from a DC microgrid to
electric vehicles more practical is wireless charging.
the vehicle through the Wireless Power Transmission
This method of charging makes electric vehicles
(WPT) system. The system involves single-stage inverter,
more usable, and wireless power transfer enables
inductive coupling, single-stage rectifier and boost
power to be transferred from a power source without
converter to meet the rated voltage of the battery in EV.
messy cords. This study describes Magnetic Resonant
However, output voltage variations are predominant due
coupling, one of the most effective wireless power
to the change in battery impedance with the state of
transmission techniques, and its real-world uses in
charge (SoC).
electric vehicles. The effectiveness of wireless power
transfer and how it declines as distance increases is Hence, a fuzzy logic controller is proposed to maintain
analysed. the constant voltage across the load which is analysed in
MATLAB/Simulink. The performance of the controller is
evaluated with the Integral Square Error (IS
Subudhi, P.S. and Krithiga, S. [2] Wireless Power
E) and the dynamic response of the controller is evaluated
Transfer Topologies Used for Static and Dynamic
by time-domain analysis.
Charging of EV Battery: electric vehicles (EV) are
thought to be a good replacement for cars powered by
P.Jyothi,K.Sudarsana Reddy,V.S.Kirthika Devi[5],
conventional internal combustion (IC) engines in the
Analysis of Wireless Power Transfer Technique for
transportation industry. The recommended way for
Electric Vehicle, Similar to regular automobiles, electric
charging an electric vehicle battery these days is
vehicles (EV) have an electric motor in place of the
wireless charging. An in-depth analysis of the various
combustion engine. To provide a mechanical output, a
techniques for wirelessly charging an EV battery is
motor needs an electrical source. Battery is incorporated
done in this research. Static EV charging and
into EVs to power the motor for this reason. Because a
dynamic EV charging are two different methods for
charger is necessary to charge the battery that is directly
delivering power wirelessly to charge an EV battery.
connected to the car in a plug-in electric vehicle, the
Inductive and capacitive methods are used for power
charging process can be extremely time-consuming for
transfer in static wireless EV battery charging
consumers. In some instances, a fully charged battery is
techniques, however only inductive methods are used
substituted for a drained battery, even though the
in dynamic wireless EV battery charging .
infrastructure is far more intricate and expensive. By
removing the issues with plug-in charging, wireless power
B. S. T. Reddy, K. S. Reddy, K. Deepa and K.
transfer (WPT) technology makes charging of electric
Sireesha [3], "A FLC based Automated CC-CV
vehicles (EVs) straightforward. The cable-free power
Charging through SEPIC for EV using Fuel Cell"
transfer may be revolutionised by this, which makes the
Greener transportation options have been made
wireless life. The wireless charging system is reviewed in
possible by the energy extraction from renewable
this paper, including the classification of WPT based on
sources and its use in Electric Vehicles (EVs). The
the distance factor, the general block diagram and system
difficulty with EVs now is battery charging. The
components, the derivation of the efficiency formula, the
methods of charging EV batteries using constant
simulation of the WPT circuit using PSIM software, and
current (CC) and constant voltage (CV) have various
the hardware implementation of WPT for lighting an
benefits over conventional charging methods. The
LED.
batteries in EVs can be charged directly using a fuel
cell, which is one method of creating DC energy. The
Muralikrishnan, P. and Kalaivani, M.[6] IOT Based interfaces with the wireless emitter coil, the relay will turn
Arduino Uno-based electric vehicle charging station on. The receiver coil receives the electricity after that. The
Although electric cars are predicted to overtake receiver's battery receives a boost. The LCD shows the
other forms of transportation in the future, they Receiver coil charging time, which is also uploaded to a
currently have a dearth of charging stations and a cloud service. To halt the charging, the same RFID tag
lengthy charging time as their major drawbacks. In should be read once more.
order to shorten the charging time and increase the
charging station's efficiency, we designed the OBJECTIVES OF THE PROPOSED SYSTEM :
charging station using rapid charging technology in
● The objective of this project is to implement an electric
wired or wireless modes. When a battery for an
vehicle wireless charging station and charging platform
electric car is charged with an AC supply and an AC
to transmit electrical power wirelessly through space
to DC converter, there are numerous losses due to
and charge the battery of an electric vehicle.
conversion and in the form of heat. This increases
● The system will work by using inductive coupling to
the charging duration and reduces the charging
transmit power from a transmitter to a receiver or
station's efficiency. To address this issue, the
battery of an electric vehicle.
charging station should include a separate battery
● In this project, a wireless charging system is used to
pack from which the electric cars will be charged
charge the vehicle wirelessly via inductive coupling. we
using DC to DC quick charging technology. This
just simply need to park the car on the charging spot.
would speed up the charging process and increase
● This project can open up new possibilities of wireless
the charging station's effectiveness. Websites for
charging that can use in our daily lives.
charging stations are periodically updated with
details about each electric vehicle's expense and
power consumption. The efficiency and charging BLOCK DIAGRAM :
speed of the charging station can be increased by TRASMITTER:
installing charging ports or wireless charging pads
in the parking lots of hotels, parks, theaters, retail
malls, and traffic signals.
The idea of a charging station that works like a petrol
station will be explained in this article. So that the
vehicle's battery can be charged while it is stopped,
we will use a wireless charging pad. The station
covers every technological advancement that can
help the client save precious time. This applies to the
RFID system's intelligent payment system, which
deducts money based on the length of charging time
by reading RFID tags placed on the vehicle's Block Diagram of Proposed Method For Transmitter The
windscreen. transmitter section we are having an arduino
microcontroller which has the entire code dumped in it.
It will get the data from RFID reader and will display
III. PROPOSED SYSTEM
the status of charging.Delay will get tricked so that the
Electric vehicle wireless charging stations can be
power will be transmitted from the station.In the station
categorised into four kinds based on operating
we have a step-down transformer which will convert the
techniques. Wireless Capacitive Charging
220 volts ac to 12 volts ac at its output and that is been
SystemWireless Charging System for Permanent
given to a power supply board.Power supply port will
Magnetic Gear Wireless Inductive Charging System
convert ac to dc voltage along with it will reduce the
Resonant Inductive Wireless Charging System
voltage towards 5 volts using a regulator on it. So these
Wireless charging system that uses induction.
are the components that are used in transmitter section.
The transmission side and the receiver side are shown
here. We attach an RFID reader to an Arduino in the
RECEIVER :
transmitter, which serves as the input. The Arduino's
output is connected to a relay, which is connected to When it comes to receiver section we are having
the transmitter coil. If an RFID chip is scanned here While the transmitter portion contains the power
When the Reader is up against the Relay, which transmitter coil and a battery that will be charged using

this receiver coil, the receiver section also The system then proceeds to detect the voltage and current
includes a Nodemcu microcontroller and a led of the battery being charged after the charging tag has been
indication coil. Therefore, the driver of the car activated. This is done to keep an eye on the charging
must always have the card on him in order to scan procedure and make sure the battery is filled properly.
the car, get charged, and charge the car. Make The system will proceed to the next step, which is to
sure you've updated your hotspot credentials, cease charging the battery, if the battery is fully charged. If
which are project one username project one the tag is invalid, however, the system will instantly
password one two three four five six seven eight proceed to the "stop charging" step without turning on the
nine, to ensure that this nodemcu microcontroller charging tag.
on the receiver section will connect to that hotspot This diagram summarises a procedure for charging a
and upload the data, such as battery voltage, to a battery with an RFID reader and tags, including steps for
cloud platform that is things pick server so you validating the tag, starting the charging procedure,
can log into thingspeak.com and can view in the watching the charging procedure, and terminating the
form of graphical chart there. charging procedure.
Block Diagram of Proposed Method For

Receiver
Therefore, the driver of the car must always have the
card on him in order to scan the car, get charged, and
charge the car. Make sure you have changed your
hotspot credentials as username project one password
one two three four five six seven eight nine before
turning on the devices to ensure that this nodemcu
microcontroller on the receiver section will connect
to that hotspot and upload the data like battery
voltage to a cloud platform that is things pick server
so you can log into thingspeak.com and can view in
the form of graphical chart there you canNow let's Flow Chart of the Alogorithm
get to the actual implementation. You must turn on
the transmitter portion before you can turn on the
receiver section by flipping the switch that is V.IMPLEMENTATION
currently connected to your hotspot by rmc. You Stage 1:Considering the problems of existing methods
should be able to see the brightness of this led flash and giving solution to that problem by considering the
on the receiver coil if the car is parked as shown and basic requirements for our proposed system.
the user has swiped his car charging started. Stage 2:Considering the hardware requirement for the
IV. Flowchart proposed system
This diagram shows the steps involved in using an For this we need to select the below components:
RFID reader and RFID tags to charge a battery. The 1. Microcontroller
procedure starts with the system being turned on and 2. Materials for the suggested setup (ex: sensors, drivers
the RFID scanner being connected. The reader starts etc)
to detect the RFID tag as soon as it is connected. 3. Results (ex: relays, loads)
The system proceeds to the next step, which is Stage 3: Now that the hardware needs have been taken into
activating the charging tag, if the tag is legitimate. account, let's look at the software requirements. We can
This signifies the beginning of the battery charging choose from a variety of coding, compiling, and debugging
procedure. tools depending on the microcontroller we use. Based on
our requirements, we must write the source code for person with no prior technical expertise can start learning.
the suggested system, compile it, and debug it in the It operates on the Java Platform, which has built-in
software.After completing all of the hardware and functions and commands that are essential for debugging,
software prerequisites, we must combine them to editing, and compiling the code in the environment. It is
operate our system. To do this, we must first burn our readily accessible for operating systems like MAC,
source code onto a microcontroller. Once this is done, WindoLinux, and aaand runs on the Java Platform.
we must link all of the input and output modules as Several Arduino modules are accessible, including the
needed, as shown in Fig. Uno, Mega, Leonardo, Micro, and many more.On the
board of each of them is a microcontroller that is actually
programmed and takes data in the shape of code.
VIII. RESULTS
This is overall view of IOT and RFID based
vehicle wireless charging using aurduino when power is
not supplied to it To implement our IOT and RFID based
wireless vehicle charging we have designed a
experimental setup as shown in above Fig.Where we use
arduino uno as a main controlling unit.We include
NodeMCU as a WIFI module in our system to connect
our external device hotspot and check the voltage using
Thingsspeak.com.
Proposed System
VI. RFID Technology
Radio frequency is used in RFID. In general, radio
frequency identity (RFID) tags use one of two types Fig 1:Transmitter section connected to power
of data transmission based on how electromagnetic
fields behave at the chosen frequency. Active, The power supply is given to the kit then the module
inactive, and semi-passive RFID tags are looks as shown in Fig 1. the aurduino uno,RFID
distinguished. Here, we've used passive RFID, which reader,Relay are showing indications as shown in below
works without an internal power source by using a Fig we can say that the relay is not triggered here.In this
tiny electric current generated in the antenna. The case LCD is also turned ON as shown
RFID reader and Arduino Mega are connected in this
document. By simply scanning the RFID tag that is
affixed to the car's windshield, one can pay at the
charging station. Depending on how long an electric
car takes to charge, the payment is subtracted.
VII. SOFTWARE REQUIREMENT
The official programme called Arduino.cc's Fig 2: we can see the LCD Fig 3: Working mode with
Integrated Development Environment, or Arduino power supply
IDE, is primarily used for writing, compiling, and project main objective wireless vehicle charging. Before
uploading code to Arduino devices. With this open we are swiping the RFID tag against the reader LCD will
source software, which is simple to setup and use to show this message means it is ready for providing
begin compiling code while on the go, nearly all charging whenever we swipe tag against the reader.
Arduino modules are compatible.
Introduction to Arduino IDE:
Open-source software called Arduino IDE is
primarily used for creating and compiling code into
Arduino Modules.
Because it is official Arduino software, code
compilation is so simple that even the average

Fig 4:After Swiping Second RFID Tag Against the [2] Subudhi, P.S. and Krithiga, S. (2020) Wireless Power
Reader Transfer Topologies Used for Static and Dynamic
IX. CONCLUSION&FUTURE SCOPE Charging of EV Battery: A Review. International
We demonstrated the Wireless Power Journal of Emerging Electric Power Systems, 21,
Transmission in this device. As the number of Article ID: 20190151.
electrified vehicles on the market rises. Our cars can [3] B. S. T. Reddy, K. S. Reddy, K. Deepa and K. Sireesha,
be charged using the wireless charging technology. "A FLC based Automated CC-CV Charging through
The effectiveness and application of the charging SEPIC for EV using Fuel Cell", 2020 International
port in this system are examples of future Conference on Recent Trends on Electronics
technology. This essay also discusses emerging Information Communication & Technology (RTEICT),
technologies, such as RFID device payments. For pp. 177-183, 2020.
those conducting study in the area of wireless [4] P. R. Shabarish, R. Krishna, P. Prasanth(2020), Fuzzy
electricity transmission, this will be useful. And based Approach to Enhance the Wireless Charging
many people had created the best innovations, System in Electric Vehicles, 2020 4th International
including wireless mobile device charging as well as Conference on Electronics Communication and
other technological devices. Due to the rising desire Aerospace Technology (ICECA)
for electric vehicles, this may represent the potential [5] P.Jyothi,K.Sudarsana Reddy,V.S.Kirthika Devi(2022),
future for charging station development. Analysis of Wireless Power Transfer Technique for
Electric Vehicle, 2021 2th International Conference on
FUTURE SCOPE Electronics Communication and Aerospace Technology
There are several methods to enhance the IOT and (ICECA)
RFID based wireless vehicle charging using Arduino S.Senthikumar,G.Devi,Rajasekhar.G(2022), Wireless
to make it more effective, dependable, and user- [6] Bidirectional Power Transfer for E-Vehicle Charging
friendly. Here are some suggestions for potential System, 2022 International Conference on Edge
enhancements: Computing and Applications (ICECAA)
Including the Raspberry Pi: The Raspberry Pi board [7] Mahmood H. Qahtan, Emad A. Mohammed, Ahmed J.
can be used in place of the Arduino board to enhance Ali(2022), Charging Station of Electric Vehicle Based
wireless vehicle charging systems. The Raspberry Pi on IOT, https://doi.org/10.4236/oalib.1108791
is a more capable and flexible single-board computer [8] Sivaraman, P. and Sharmeela, C. (2020) IoT-Based
that is perfect for managing massive wireless charging Battery Management System for Hybrid Electric
networks because it can carry out complex data Vehicle. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119682035.ch
processing and analytics. Advanced analytics and [9] Arif S.M., Lie, T.T., Seet, B.C., Ayyadi, S. and Jensen
data- driven optimisation of charging habits, energy K. (2021) Review of Electric Vehicle Technologies,
use, and battery health may be made possible by the Charging Methods, Standards and Optimization
integration of Raspberry Pi. Additionally, it can offer Techniques . Electronics.
conveniences like cloud-based data storage, real-time [10] Muralikrishnan, P. and Kalaivani, M. (2020) IOT
data tracking, and remote firmware updates. Based Electric Vehicle Charging Station Using Arduino
upkeep the wireless charging apparatus. In Uno. International Journal ..
general, incorporating Raspberry Pi can Enhance
the wireless car charging system's effectiveness,
scalability, and intelligence to make it more
flexible to upcoming advancements in electric
vehicle technology.
X. REFERENCES
[1] Akhil A. G. , Harisankar S. , Jishnu K. ,
Sreenand S. , Vivek Vijay, Asha C. A., Dr.
Preetha P.(I2021). Coupled Wireless Charging
system for Electric Vehicles: 2021 Third
International Conference on Intelligent
Communication Technologies and Virtual
Mobile Networks (ICICV)

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International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Development-– Volume 6 Issue 2, Mar-Apr 2023

IOT & RFID BASED WIRELESS VEHICLE CHARGING USING

ISSN : 2581-7175 ©IJSRED: All Rights are Reserved Page 885

ISSN : 2581-7175 ©IJSRED: All Rights are Reserved Page 887

Block Diagram of Proposed Method For

ISSN : 2581-7175 ©IJSRED: All Rights are Reserved Page 889

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