0625-Unit 3-Waves - Learner Outcome Tracker

LEARNER OUTCOME TRACKER
0625 PHYSICS – UNIT # 3 – WAVES

Lesson # Levels e.g Learning Outcomes (Statement) Before I have I have
(Low – Medium – High) the unit learned this revised
(All can, Some can, Few can) this
(A*-B / C – D / E – F)
3.1 GENERAL PROPERTIES OF WAVES

Know that waves transfer energy without transferring
matter
Describe what is meant by wave motion as illustrated
by vibrations in ropes and springs and by experiments
using water waves
Describe the features of a wave in terms of wavefront,
wavelength, frequency, crest (peak), trough, amplitude
and wave speed
Recall and use the equation v = f λ
Know that for a transverse wave, the direction of
vibration is at right angles to the direction of
propagation and understand that electromagnetic
radiation, water waves and seismic S-waves (secondary)
can be modelled as transverse
Know that for a longitudinal wave, the direction of
vibration is parallel to the direction of propagation and
understand that sound waves and seismic P-waves
(primary) can be modelled as longitudinal
Describe how waves can undergo:
a. reflection at a plane surface
b. refraction due to a change of speed
c. diffraction through a narrow gap
Describe the use of a ripple tank to show:
a. reflection at a plane surface
b. refraction due to a change in speed caused by a
change in depth
c. diffraction due to a gap d. diffraction due to an edge
Describe how wavelength and gap size affects
diffraction through a gap
Describe how wavelength affects diffraction at an edge
3.2 LIGHT
3.2.1 REFLECTION OF LIGHT
Define and use the terms normal, angle of incidence and
angle of reflection
Describe the formation of an optical image by a plane
mirror, and give its characteristics, i.e. same size, same
distance from mirror, virtual
State that for reflection, the angle of incidence is equal
to the angle of reflection; recall and use this relationship
Use simple constructions, measurements and
calculations for reflection by plane mirrors
3.2.2 REFRACTION OF LIGHT
Define and use the terms normal, angle of incidence and
angle of refraction
Describe an experiment to show refraction of light by
transparent blocks of different shapes
Describe the passage of light through a transparent
material (limited to the boundaries between two media
only)
State the meaning of critical angle
Describe internal reflection and total internal reflection
using both experimental and everyday examples
Define refractive index, n, as the ratio of the speeds of a
wave in two different regions
Recall and use the equation n = sin i /sin r
Recall and use the equation n = 1 / sin c
Describe the use of optical fibres, particularly in
telecommunications
3.2.3 THIN LENSES
Describe the action of thin converging and thin
diverging lenses on a parallel beam of light
Define and use the terms focal length, principal axis and
principal focus (focal point)
Draw and use ray diagrams for the formation of a real
image by a converging lens
Describe the characteristics of an image using the terms
enlarged/same size/ diminished, upright/inverted and
real/virtual
Know that a virtual image is formed when diverging
rays are extrapolated backwards and does not form a
visible projection on a screen
Draw and use ray diagrams for the formation of a
virtual image by a converging lens
Describe the use of a single lens as a magnifying glass
Describe the use of converging and diverging lenses to
correct long-sightedness and short- sightedness
3.2.4 DISPERSION OF LIGHT
Describe the dispersion of light as illustrated by the
refraction of white light by a glass prism
Know the traditional seven colours of the visible
spectrum in order of frequency and in order of
wavelength
Recall that visible light of a single frequency is
described as monochromatic
3.3 ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM
Know the main regions of the electromagnetic spectrum
in order of frequency and in order of wavelength
Know that all electromagnetic waves travel at the same
high speed in a vacuum
Describe typical uses of the different regions of the
electromagnetic spectrum including:
a. radio waves; radio and television transmissions,
astronomy, radio frequency identification (RFID)
b. microwaves; satellite television, mobile phones (cell
phones), microwave ovens
c. infrared; electric grills, short range communications
such as remote controllers for televisions, intruder
alarms, thermal imaging, optical fibres
d. visible light; vision, photography, illumination
e. ultraviolet; security marking, detecting fake bank
notes, sterilising water
f. X-rays; medical scanning, security scanners
g. gamma rays; sterilising food and medical equipment,
detection of cancer and its treatment
Describe the harmful effects on people of excessive
exposure to electromagnetic radiation, including:
a. microwaves; internal heating of body cells
b. infrared; skin burns
c. ultraviolet; damage to surface cells and eyes, leading
to skin cancer and eye conditions
d. X-rays and gamma rays; mutation or damage to cells
in the body
Know that communication with artificial satellites is
mainly by microwaves:
a. some satellite phones use low orbit artificial satellites
b. some satellite phones and direct broadcast satellite
television use geostationary satellites
Know that the speed of electromagnetic waves in a
vacuum is 3.0 × 108 m / s and is approximately the same
in air
Know that many important systems of communications
rely on electromagnetic radiation including:
a. mobile phones (cell phones) and wireless internet use
microwaves because microwaves can penetrate some
walls and only require a short aerial for transmission
and reception
b. Bluetooth uses radio waves because radio waves pass
through walls but the signal is weakened on doing so
c. optical fibres (visible light or infrared) are used for
cable television and high-speed broadband because
glass is transparent to visible light and some infrared;
visible light and short wavelength infrared can carry
high rates of data
Know the difference between a digital and analogue
signal
Know that a sound can be transmitted as a digital or
analogue signal
Explain the benefits of digital signaling including
increased rate of transmission of data and increased
range due to accurate signal regeneration
3.4 SOUND
Describe the production of sound by vibrating sources
Describe the longitudinal nature of sound waves
State the approximate range of frequencies audible to
humans as 20 Hz to 20 000 Hz
Know that a medium is needed to transmit sound waves
Know that the speed of sound in air is approximately
330–350 m /s
Describe a method involving a measurement of distance
and time for determining the speed of sound in air
Describe how changes in amplitude and frequency
affect the loudness and pitch of sound waves
Describe an echo as the reflection of sound waves
Define ultrasound as sound with a frequency higher
than 20 kHz
Describe compression and rarefaction
Know that, in general, sound travels faster in solids than
in liquids and faster in liquids than in gases
Describe the uses of ultrasound in non- destructive
testing of materials, medical scanning of soft tissue and
sonar including calculation of depth or distance from
time and wave speed

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LEARNER OUTCOME TRACKER

0625 PHYSICS – UNIT # 3 – WAVES

3.1 GENERAL PROPERTIES OF WAVES

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