GEAR UP YOUR POTENTIAL SK015

NAME: __________________________________________ TUTORIAL GROUP: _________

LABUAN MATRICULATION COLLEGE

GEAR UP YOUR POTENTIAL

CHEMISTRY
2 hour

For Lecturer Used Only

Question 1 / 21
Question 2 / 10
Question 3 / 17
Question 4 /9
Question 5 /9
Question 6 / 14
Total Marks / 80

DO NOT OPEN THIS QUESTION PAPER UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO.
This question paper consists of 6 questions. Answer all questions.

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GEAR UP YOUR POTENTIAL SK015

RELATIVE ATOMIC MASSES OF SELECTED ELEMENTS

Element Symbol Proton Number Relative Atomic Mass

Aluminium Al 13 27.0
Silver Ag 47 107.9
Argon Ar 18 40.0
Arsenic As 33 74.9
Gold Au 79 197.0
Barium Ba 56 137.3
Beryllium Be 4 9.0
Bismuth Bi 83 209.0
Boron B 5 10.8
Bromine Br 35 79.9
Iron Fe 26 55.9
Fluorine F 9 19.0
Phosphorus P 15 31.0
Helium He 2 4.0
Mercury Hg 80 200.6
Hydrogen H 1 1.0
Iodine I 53 126.9
Cadmium Cd 48 112.4
Potassium K 19 39.1
Calcium Ca 20 40.1
Carbon C 6 12.0
Chlorine Cl 17 35.5
Cobalt Co 27 58.9
Krypton Kr 36 83.8
Chromium Cr 24 52.0
Copper Cu 29 63.6
Lithium Li 3 6.9
Magnesium Mg 12 24.3
Manganese Mn 25 54.9
Sodium Na 11 23.0
Neon Ne 10 20.2
Nickel Ni 28 58.7
Nitrogen N 7 14.0
Oxygen O 8 16.0
Platinum Pt 78 195.1
Lead Pb 82 207.2
Protactinium Pa 91 231.0
Radium Ra 88 226.0
Radon Rn 86 222.0
Rubidium Rb 37 85.5
Selenium Se 34 79.0
Cerium Ce 58 140.1
Cesium Cs 55 132.9
Silicon Si 14 28.1
Scandium Sc 21 45.0
Tin Sn 50 118.7
Antimony Sb 51 122.0
Strontium Sr 38 87.6
Sulphur S 16 32.1
Uranium U 92 238.0
Tungsten W 74 183.8
Zinc Zn 30 65.4

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GEAR UP YOUR POTENTIAL SK015

LIST OF SELECTED CONSTANT VALUES

Ionisation constant for water at 25 ⁰C Kw = 1.00 × 10–4 mol2 dm–6

Molar volume of gases Vm = 22.4 dm3 mol–1 at STP

= 24 dm3 mol–1 at room temperature

Speed of light in a vacuum c = 3.0 × 108 m s–1

Specific heat of water = 4.18 kJ kg–1 K–1

= 4.18 J g–1 K–1
= 4.18 J g–1 ⁰C–1

Avogadro’s number NA = 6.02 × 1023 mol–1

Faraday constant F = 9.65 × 104 C mol–1

Planck’s constant h = 6.6256 ×10–34 J s

Rydberg constant RH = 1.097 × 107 m–1

= 2.18 × 10–18 J

Ideal gas constant R = 8.314 J mol-1 K–1

= 0.08206 L atm mol–1 K–1

Density of water at 25⁰C ρ = 1 g cm–3

Freezing point of water = 0.00 ⁰C

Vapour pressure of water at 25⁰C Pwater = 23.8 torr

UNIT AND CONVERSION FACTOR

Volume 1 liter = 1 dm3

1 mL = 1 cm3

Energy 1 J = 1 kg m2 s–2 = 1 N m = 107 erg

1 calorie = 4.184 Joule
1 eV = 1.602 x 10-19 J

Pressure 1 atm = 760 mmHg = 760 torr = 101.325 kPa = 101325 N m-2

Others 1 Faraday (F) = 96500 coulomb

1 newton (N) = 1 kg m s–2

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GEAR UP YOUR POTENTIAL SK015

Answer all questions.

1. (a) Element A with atomic number 91, has 140 neutrons and 89 electrons. Write
the isotopic notation for element A.
[1 mark]

(b)
Isotopes Isotopic Masses (u) Natural abundance
50
B 49.9658 1.8432
52
B 52.0056 35.5042
53
B 52.9867 4.0254
54
B 54.0021 1.00
Table 1

Element B has four naturally occurring isotopes, and their masses and natural
abundances are shown in Table 1 above. Calculate the average atomic mass of
element B.
[2 marks]

(c) Suberic acid is a colourless crystalline solid used in drug syntheses and plastics
manufacture. The molar mass of suberic acid is 174 g mol-1.

(i) Suberic acid consists of 55.16% of carbon, 8.05% of hydrogen and

36.79% of oxygen. Determine the empirical formula and molecular
formula of suberic acid.
(ii) 20.0 g of suberic acid is dissolved in water to produce 500ml of
solution with density 1.27 g ml-1. Determine the molality of the
solution.
[10 marks]

(d) The reaction between 20 g of calcium nitride, Ca3N2 and 30 g of water

produces calcium hydroxide and ammonia.

(i) Write the chemical equation for the above reaction.

(ii) Determine the limiting reactant.
(iii) If the percentage yield of calcium hydroxide is produced from the
above reaction is 72.35% with theoretical yield of 30 g, calculate the
actual yield of calcium hydroxide formed.
[8 marks]

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GEAR UP YOUR POTENTIAL SK015

2. (a) A line with a wavelength of 410.2 nm was observed in the Balmer series of the
emission spectrum of hydrogen.

(i) Calculate its frequency.

(ii) Determine the initial and final values of the energy levels associated
with this emission.
(iii) State the region of the electromagnetic spectrum in which the line is
found.
[5 marks]

(b) An element D has proton number of 14

(i) Write the electronic configuration of an element D.

(ii) Draw the shape of orbitals for the valence electron.
(iii) What rule is used to arrange the 13th and 14th electron in element D?
[5 marks]

3. (a) Thiocyanic acid, HSCN, is an unstable gas that is used as a seed treatment for
barley, cotton, corn and oats, and as a fungicide.

(i) Draw the Lewis structure of the three resonance structures of

thiocyanate ion, SCN–.
(ii) Determine the most plausible structure and give your reason.

[8 marks]

(b) Oxygen difluoride, OF2 is a colourless poisonous gas.

(i) Describe the hybridisation of central atom in OF2.

(ii) Draw and state the molecular geometry of OF2.
(iii) Predict the polarity of OF2.
[7 marks]

(b) Explain why calcium has a higher boiling point than potassium.
[2 marks]

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GEAR UP YOUR POTENTIAL SK015

4. (a) A certain mass of fluorine gas is added to a vessel of 865 ml containing 1.3 g of
argon gas. The gas pressure is increased from 811.5 mmHg to 1365.2 mmHg.
Assuming the temperature remains constant, and that the fluorine gas does not
react with argon gas, calculate the mass of the added fluorine gas.
[5 marks]

(b) Butanal, CH3CH2CH2CHO and butanol, CH3CH2CH2OH are amongst the

chemical compound that exist in liquid phase. Explain which compound has a
higher vapour pressure?
[4 marks]

5. (a) Oxidation of sulphur dioxide to sulphur trioxide is a reversible reaction.

2SO2(g) + O2(g) ⇌ 2SO3 (g) ΔH = –198.2 kJ

In one experiment, at 750 °C, an equilibrium was achieved in a closed vessel with
partial pressures of SO2, O2 and SO3 are 0.27, 0.40 and 0.32 atm respectively.

(i) Calculate the equilibrium constant, Kp.

(ii) Determine the initial pressures of SO2 and O2.
[6 marks]

(b) The equilibrium for the formation of ammonia gas, NH3, is represented by the
equation:

N2(g) + 3H2(g) ⇌ 2NH3 (g) ΔH = –92.2 kJ

Explain the effect on the amount of NH3 and the value of Kp if the temperature is
decreased.
[3 marks]

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GEAR UP YOUR POTENTIAL SK015

6. (a) Identify the Bronsted-Lowry acid-base and their conjugates pair in the equation
below.

NH3 (aq) + H2PO4- (aq) ⇌ NH4 +

(aq) + HPO4- (aq)
[2 marks]

(b) Formic acid, HCOOH, is the irritant that causes the body’s reaction to ant
stings. The ionisation of formic acid is as follows:
HCOOH (aq) + H2O (l) ⇌ H3O+(aq) + HCOO−(aq) Ka = 1.8 x 10−4

(i) Calculate the concentration of HCOO− ion in 0.186 M solution of

HCOOH.
(ii) What is the pH of this solution?
[5 marks]

(c) A student is asked to prepare a buffer solution at pH 9.6 using 50.00 mL of

0.25 M propylamine, C3H7NH2 and propylammonium chloride, C3H7NH3Cl.
The Kb value of C3H7NH2 is 4.7 x 10-4.

(i) Calculate the mass propylammonium chloride required to prepare the

buffer solution.
(ii) Write the chemical equation of the buffering effect when a small
amount of HCl and NaOH is added into the buffer solution
respectively.
[7 marks]

END OF QUESTION PAPER