School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering
Nust
ME-339 Control Engineering Lab
Lab Report 08 Flow Control using ON/OFF Controller along with Hysteresis
SUBMITTED BY: Name: Malik Muhammad Farhan CMS ID: 389829 Section:ME-13A
Session: Fall 2023
Semester: 5th OBJECTIVES: 1. To get familiarized with the working of ON-OFF Controller. 2. To understand the concept of PWM. 3. To get familiarized with the apparatus.
APPARATUS: 1. Flow Control Module. 2. Digital multi-meter. 3. Connecting Wires.
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
Figure 1: Circuit Diagram of Flow Sensor
Figure 2: Circuit connections during the experiment
Figure 3: Apparatus for Flow Control Training System
PROCEDURE: 1. Begin by first connecting the SETPOINT 1 (variable voltage) to the input pin of the ON-OFF CONTROLLER (SETPOINT 1 to SETPOINT 4), on the trainer. 2. Connect the pins on the flow sensor together (PIN 1 TO PIN 1), using the flow sensor interface. 3. Connect the output of the flow sensor interface to the input pin of the ON-OFF CONTROLLER (PIN 3 TO 3). 4. Connect the output of the ON-OFF CONTROLLER to the input of the motorized valve driver (PIN 8 TO 8). 5. Connect SETPOINT 2 to the WATER PUMP DRIVER (SETPOINT 2 TO PIN 8), and turn the knob to the maximum value. 6. Shuffle between connecting the positive lead of the DMM to the output of the flow sensor to check for the feedback voltage, and the SETPOINT 1 to check the user input. Connect the black lead to the ground terminal pin. Turn the DMM on. 7. Turn on the trainer by turning the Main Power switch to the ON position. 8. Then, slowly increase the voltage in increments using SETPOINT 1 and check the consequent voltage and flowrate values through the DMM and the rotameter, respectively. 9. Once done, using the same voltage increments, check for the voltage and flowrate values after applying hysteresis. OBSERVATIONS AND CALCULATIONS: The readings obtained from the experiment are as follows: Hysteresis: 0%
Set Point 2 4 6 Flow 2 4 5.5 Voltage 1.84 4.28 6
Hysteresis: 12.5% Set Point 2 4 6 Flow 1.5 3 3 4.2 5 6.5 Voltage 1.8 3.2 3.5 5 5.2 7 Mean Voltage 2.5 4.25 6.1
Hysteresis: 25% Set Point 2 4 6 Flow 0.4 3.2 2.5 4.5 3.5 6.8 Voltage 0.9 3.6 2.5 5.4 4.4 7.5 Mean Voltage 2.25 3.95 5.95
DISCUSSION: The ON/OFF controller kept maintaining the flowrate according to the setpoint voltage. When hysteresis was given, a little time delay was introduced in the system while bringing the flowrate to the setpoint.
LAB SAFETY PROTOCOLS:
1. Adhere to all lab rules, guidelines, and standard operating procedures (SOPs) provided by the lab supervisor or instructor. 2. Do not make loose connections. 3. Ensure proper connections of the set points. 4. Always ensure that you turn off the equipment, before removing or adding any connections. 5. Keep water and liquids away from electrical equipment to prevent water hazard.
