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    Lab 2 Sterilization

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    Lab 2 Sterilization

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    garlicgarlic23
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    Lab 2 Sterilization

    Uploaded by

    garlicgarlic23

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Practical Microbiology Lab (2) Assist lect.

    Walaa Farhan

    Sterilization
    Sterilization : refers to any process that effectively kills or eliminates all
    microorganisms (such as fungi, bacteria, viruses, spore forms, etc.) from a surface,
    equipment, article of food or medication, or biological culture medium. Sterilization
    can be achieved through physical and chemical sterilization.

    Physical sterilization:
    A. Heat : Different types of heat application include:
    1. Dry heat:
    1) Flaming : Leaving the loop or (needle and forceps) in the flame of a
    Bunsen burner until it glows red ensures that any infectious agent gets
    inactivated.
    2) Oven : which requires use of higher temperatures (160-180°C) for 1.5-2
    hrs., can be used only with glass or metal objects (glass petridishes,
    pipettes, test tube, flasks etc..).
    2. Moist heat : kills by protein coagulation (denaturation) ,the moisture
    must penetrate to pathogens so it effective
    1) Pasteurization : sterilization by moist heat less than 100°C which
    sterilize serum and body fluids (lymph) and milk.
    2) Boiling : at 100°C, kills many vegetative cells and viruses, which
    sterilize (glass syringe, syringes needle )
    3) Autoclave : steam applied under high pressure (15 lbs/in2 ) (121°C for
    15 min) is the most effective method of moist heat sterilization, which
    sterilize (culture media, normal slain, distal water, cloths etc.. ).

    1
    B. Radiation:
    1. Ultraviolet radiation : UV is good for disinfecting surfaces and air

    (hospital wards, operations rooms, microbiological laboratory etc..)


    2. Ionizing radiation: like gamma and x ray which have ability to penetrate

    material so it effective to sterilize material sensitive to heat like drugs,


    plastic articles and in synthesis of food
    C. Filtration: use to sterilize biological fluids (animals serum, antibiotic solution,
    enzyme solution, sugars and vitamin solution )

    Chemical sterilization:
    Disinfectant : are antimicrobial agents that are applied to non-living objects to
    destroy all microorganisms except endospores and viruses.

    Antiseptic: are antimicrobial substances that are applied to living tissue or skin
    to reduce the possibility of infection, sepsis, or putrefaction.
    The chemical antimicrobial agents are:
    1) Ethanol (70%): its kill (*cidal) and inhibit the growth (**static) of
    microorganisms and good for hands sterilization and other parts of the body.
    2) Phenol (2-5%): use to sterilize the floor and table surface.
    3) Iodine : wounds sterilization
    4) Glutaraldehyde and Formaldehyde: its sporocidal which sterilize surfaces
    and floors.
    ______________________________________________________
    * if kill bacteria called (bactericidal) or fungi (fungicidal) or virus (veridical) etc…
    ** if inhibit bacterial growth called (bacteriostatic) or etc….

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