MBBS 1st YEAR HAQ

[3rd EDITION]
[2023]

With Page numbers added from Physicon (1st Ed) and GK Pal (1st Ed)

PHYSIOLOGY QUESTIONS

DISCLAIMER : All The Questions In This HAQ (Haji Ali Questions) Are
Purely Based On Daily Tasks Provided In The Respective Telegram
Group.

Group Link : Https://T.Me/+Q7okscv1iavkmgzl

INSTA Link : Https://Instagram.Com/Mbbs_Haqs?Igshid=Mzrlodbinwflza==

~By Haji Ali

(Page numbers added by Faizaan Shareef, OMC)

 PAPER 1
GENERAL PHYSIOLOGY
LAQs/SAQs GK pal

1. A) Define HOMEOSTASIS?*** 9

B)Write Components Of A Homeostatic System?

C)Write Detail About Various FEEDBACK MECHANISMS With

Examples*** [ Positive And Negative Feedback]

D)Write About FEED FORWARD Regulation.

24
2.Write About Various CELL JUNCTIONS [5M]

(Study Tight Junctions ,Gap Junctions ,,Anchoring Junctions )

3. What Is Apoptosis? (3M) **** 37

4.Transport Across Cell Membrane(1° 2°Active & Passive)*** 44

5.FACILITATED Diffusion **** 46

6.A)Distribution Of Body Fluids 63

B) Extracellular Fluid

C) Transcellular Fluid

7.Na+/K+ ATPase Pump(3 Marks). 50

8.GIBBS-DONNAN EQUILIBRIUM ****. (3 MARKS) 59

 BLOOD/HEMATOLOGY
LAQs
1.Define ERYTHROPOIESIS. Describe The Stages Of Erythropoiesis
And Mention The Factors Affecting It*****.
GK 90

2.Mechanism Of BLOOD COAGULATION : Intrinsic And Extrinsic Along

With Its Applied Physiology. GK 196

3.Describe ANEMIA : Classification, Causes And Symptoms.

GK 109

4.A) What Is Hemoglobin And What Are Its Functions? GK 103

B)What Factors Are Required For Hb Synthesis And Discuss Catabolism

Of Hb?
C) Define JAUNDICE. Mention The Types And Causes Of JAUNDICE.
(5+5+5).
GK 101
Guyton 133

5.What Is The Physiological Basis Of BLOOD GROUPING? Explain The

Blood Groups And Their Clinical Importance?
GK 116

SAQs &VSAQs
1. Functions Of Blood (3) GK 72

2. Plasma Proteins-Functions And Values (3) GK 74

3. Red Cell Indices (3) GK 107

4. ESR-Clinical Significance (3) GK 88

5. Hb- Variants (3) GK 104

6. Fate Of Hb (5) GK 107

7. Add A Note On Heme-Heme Interaction (3) Physicon 12

8. Functions And Properties Of Neutrophils (3) GK 136 18 p

9. Polycythemia (3) GK 115

10.Functions Of Platelets And Their Role In Hemostasis (Purpurias) (5) GK 189

24 p
11.Thalassemia (5) GK 113

12.Clotting Factors (5) ***** GK 196 22p

13.Role Of Calcium In Coagulation (3) Physicon 22

GK 197
14.Platelet Plug Formation (3) GK 184
Physicon 21

15.Hemophilia-Types (5) GK 209

16. Arneth Count (3) GK 133

17.Cellular Immunity (3) GK 170

18.Humoral Immunity (3) GK 172

GK 175
19.Immunoglobulins (5) Physicon 27
GK 160
20.Reticuloendothelial System (3) Physicon 29

21.Purpura (3) *** GK 194

physicon 24

22.Fibrinolytic System (3) Physicon 23

23.Landsteiner’s Law (5) *** GK 119

24.Rh Incompatibility*** (Hemolytic Disease OF New born)/

Erythroblastosis Fetalis (5) GK 121

25.Anticoagulants*** And Their Mechanism Of Action (5) GK 205

Physicon 23
26.Cross Matching (3) GK 124

27.Indications And Complications Of Blood Transfusion (3) GK 125 25p

 CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM(CVS)
GK Pal + Physicon (P)
LAQs
1.Write In Detail About Properties Of CARDIAC MUSCLE. 746

2.A)Draw The Labelled Diagram Of The Conduction System Of The 742

Heart.
B)Explain The Pathway And Its Importance.
C) Add A Note On Cardiac Action Potential.[3+8+4] 753

3.A) Define And Give Normal Value Of Cardiac Output. 787

CM 27
B)Briefly Explain The Factors Regulating It.
C) Add A Note On Its Measurement . [3+8+4]

4. A) Describe The Events That Occur During CARDIAC CYCLE. 778

B) Describe Volume & Pressure Changes In Them. [9+6]

5. A) What Is Blood Pressure ? 823

B)What Is Sbp, Dbp, Map?

C) Different Methods Of Regulating Blood Pressure.
D)Mechanisms Of Regulation Of Blood Pressure. (Short Term,
Intermediate, Long Term Mechanisms) [1+3+4+7]

6.What Is SHOCK*****? What Are The Different Types Of Shocks And 866
Write Their Causes & Mechanisms.

7. Define HYPERTENSION***. Describe Briefly The Physiological 861

Principles Underlying Pathogenesis And Management Of Hypertension.
[2+7+6]
 SAQs n VSAQs
1.Write In Detail About Pacemaker Potential. (5) 755

2.Draw A Neat Labeled Diagram Showing ECG Waves And Intervals

And Add A Note On Einthoven's Law*** (5) 70 p

3.Add A Note JUGULAR VENOUS PULSE***. (5) 64 p

4.Describe Heart Sounds***. (5) 67 p

5.What is HEART RATE?Describe Various Regulations Of Heart

Rate.[1+4]

6.Add A Note On MAREY'S LAW. (3 Marks) 832 GK

7.A) What Is The Windkessel Effect? Mention The Physiological 809

Significance Of It. 56p

B) Add A Note Laplace Law.[5+3] 806 57p

8.A) Cushing's Reflex 834 B) Marey's Law 832

C) Bainbridge Reflex 835 D) Bezold Jarisch Reflex 835

E) Pulmonary Chemo reflex 835 [3+3+3+3+3]

9.CORONARY CIRCULATION 81p

A) Special Features

B) Determinants

C) Factors Affecting Coronary Blood Flow [3 +4+3]

10.Physiological Basis Of:

A)Angina Pectoris B) Myocardial Infarction

11.Mechanism Of Contraction And Relaxation Of A Cardiac Muscle****. 77p

12.Write About The ECG Changes In*****:

A) Myocardial Infarction 72 p

B) Hyperkalemia 73p

C) Hypokalemia 73p

13.Wolff-Parkinson- White Syndrome. (3 Marks) 773

14.Describe The Following Aspects Of CORONARY BLOOD FLOW: 81 p

A)Phasic Flow

B)Metabolic Regulation

C) Evidences Of Myocardial Ischemia. [3 +3+4]

15.Add A Note On TRIPLE RESPONSE***. 85 p

16.WENCKEBACH PHENOMENON. (3 Marks) 773 Gk

17. Describe The Starling Forces**** That Act Across The Capillary.

How Do They Maintain Fluid Balance B/W Blood And Interstitial Fluid?

18.Effect Of Viscosity On Flow Of Blood 79 p

 RESPIRATION
LAQs
1. Write In Detail About Mechanism Of BREATHING.
(Inspiration And Expiration) 892 gk

2. Explain In Detail The Neural And Chemical Regulation Of

Respiration******. 44p

3. Define HYPOXIA. Write About Types Of HYPOXIA*****. 48p

SAQs
1.Write About The Features Of Pulmonary Circulation. gk 915

2.Add A Note On Non Respiratory Functions Of Lungs. 32 p

3.Pressure Changes During Breathing. 34 p

A)Intrapleural B) Intrapulmonary C) Transpulmonary

4.A) Define Lung Compliance. 894 gk

B)Add A Note On Factors Affecting It. 896 gk

5.Define Airway Resistance. Add A Note On Factors Affecting Airway 32p

Resistance.

6.Define Surfactant Through The Following :************ 37 p

A) Composition B) Source And Secretion 900 gk

C) Functions**** D) Respiratory Distress Syndrome

6.Define Minute Ventilation. And Write Its Formula (3 Marks) 907 gk

7.Define Alveolar Ventilation And Write Its Formula. (3 Marks) 909 gk

8.Write About LUNG Volumes And Capacities Along With 35 p

Their Normal Values.

9. What Is The V/Q Ratio? Mention The Conditions In Which

It Is Altered. 40 p

10.Add A Note On Principles Governing Flow Of Air In Air Passages. 901 gk

11.What Is Asphyxia? What Are The Stages Of Asphyxia? 957 gk

12.What Is Periodic Breathing? Write About: 51p

A) Cheyne Stokes Respiration

B) BIOT'S Respiration

C) Kussumaul's Breathing

13.Write Briefly About Acclimatization. 53

14.Write A Short Note On Acute Mountain Sickness. 53

15.Write A Short Note On Caissons Disease (Dysbarism). *** 53

16. Add A Note On SCUBA. Enumerate Its Parts. Guyton 409

17.Define APNOEA, Hyperpnoea, Tachypnoea, Dyspnoea. 49p

 GIT
LAQs
1.Describe The Composition, Functions And Regulation Of Secretion Of
GASTRIC JUICE (Phases Of Secretion) .
95 p

2. Describe The Composition,Functions And Regulation Of Secretion Of

PANCREATIC JUICE. 99 p

3.Describe The Mechanism Of Formation Of HCl?Mention The Factors

Influencing It? Add A Note On GERD***(Gastroesophageal Reflux
Disease) 95 p
105p (7+5+3)
402 gk

4.Describe The Different Types Of INTESTINAL MOVEMENTS (Small

Intestine) And Their Significance.
107p

SAQs & VSAQs

WRITE SHORT NOTE ON

1. Nerve Supply Of GIT (3) 93 p

2. Saliva: Composition, Functions, Regulation Of Secretion (5) 93 p

3. Chorda Tympani Syndrome/Frey’s Syndrome***(3) 310 GK

94p
4. Peptic Ulcer (3) 97 p

5. Difference Between Duodenal And Gastric Ulcer (3) 98 p

6. Actions Of Gastrin And Regulation Of Secretion (3) 113 p

7. Secretin (3) 114 p

8. CCK: PZ (3) 114p

9. GI Hormones (5) 113p

10.Functions Of Liver (5) 100p

11.A) Functions Of Gallbladder (3) 101 p

B)Formation And Composition Of Bile And Its Functions (5) 101 p

12.Enterohepatic Circulation*** (5) 379 gk

13.Phases Of Deglutition (Imp - 2nd Phase) (5) 104 p

14.Gastric Emptying Time And The Factors Affecting It (5) 408 gk

15.Hunger Contractions (3) 106 p

105 p
16.MMC(Migrating Motor Complex) (3)

17.BER (3) 105p

18.Vomiting Mechanism (5) 106p

19.Steatorrhea. (3) 100 p

20.Achalasia Cardia(GERD) (3) 402 gk

21.Functions Of SI And LI (5) 103 p

113 p
22.Importance Of Dietary Fibers (3)

23.Sham Feeding***. (3) 97 p

24.LAWS OF INTESTINE. (3) 108 p

25.Succus Entericus. (3) 103 p

 RENAL PHYSIOLOGY
LAQs All Physicon (few GK pal)

1. Define GFR And Describe The Factors Influencing Glomerular

Filtration RATE? 120p

2.Describe The Role Of COUNTER-CURRENT MECHANISM In Kidney

/ Formation Of CONCENTRATED URINE. 127p

3.Describe The Mechanism Of Acidification Of Urine. Mention Factors

Influencing H+ Secretion. 129p

4.Describe Reabsorption Of Glucose, Na+, H2O. 121

Add A Note Diabetes Insipidus.

SAQs & VSAQs

1.Functions Of Kidney. (3) 115 p

2. JG Apparatus*** (5) 116p

3. Difference Between Cortical And Juxtamedullary Nephrons (3) 117 p

4. Peculiarities Of Renal Circulation (Any Five). (3) 118 p

5. Autoregulation Of Renal Blood Flow (3) 118p

6. GFR: Factors Affecting, Normal Value, Measurement (5) 120 p

gk 679
7. Nephrotic Syndrome*** (3) 136p

8. Transport Maximum(Tmax)*** (3) 125

9. Tubuloglomerular Feedback & Glomerulo Tubular Balance. (5) 125 p

696 GK
10.Draw And Explain Cystometrogram*** (5) 133

11.Micturition Reflex*** (5) 133

12.Abnormalities Of Micturition (3) 134

13.Bladder Innervation/Nerve Supply Of Bladder(5) 132

14.Automatic And Atonic Bladder (5) 134

15.Tubular Maximum For Glucose*** (3) 125

16.Obligatory And Facultative H2O Absorption (3) 124 p

17.Clearance Tests(Urea, Inulin, PAH). (5) 131

18.Add A Note On Diuretics Of Kidney***(5) 135

19.Acid Base Balance (5) 129

20.Renin: Angiotensin Mechanism [RAAS]*** (5) 117

21.Splay*** (3) 125 p

22.Difference Between Osmotic And H2O Diuresis (5)

23.RFT, Renal Flow Measurements (5) 131

24.Add A Note Renal Circulation. (5) 118

25.Erythropoietin(3)

26.Ultrafiltration. (3)
 PAPER 2
NERVE MUSCLE PHYSIOLOGY
LAQs all GK Pal

1. A) Draw A Neat Labeled Diagram Of NEUROMUSCULAR

JUNCTION(NMJ) And Describe It. 241

B)Enumerate The Events Which Occur During Its Transmission. 242

C) Add Note On Myasthenia Gravis. 245

D)Add A Note On Drugs Acting At NMJ. 244

2. A) Draw A Neat Labeled Diagram Of SARCOMERE And

253
Describe It.[5]

B) Write About Sliding Filament Theory Of Muscle Contraction(Or 258

Excitation Contraction Coupling Theory) . [5]

C)Mechanism /Molecular Basis Of Muscle Contraction[5] 259

SAQs
1.Describe Briefly The Process Of WALLERIAN DEGENERATION &
REGENERATION. 238

2.SALTATORY Conduction+Refractory Period. 234

232
3.MUSCLE FIBERS

A. Types

B. Properties.
283
C.Differences(Skeletal, Cardiac Smooth)

[Write Main Important Points, No Need Of Deep Explanation]

5. State All Or None Law. What Is Its Significance? 231

6.What Is The Motor Unit? Explain About Recruitment Of Motor Units. 272

7)Write About Motor End Plate And Miniature End Plate 244
Potential(MEPP).

8)Describe The Sarcotubular System. 254

9)Mention Two Disorders Associated With NMJ.***** 245 + 246

10)RIGOR MORTIS****. [3 Marks] 262, 271

11.Differences Between Slow Contracting (Red/Type 1) And Fast

Contracting (White/Type2 ) Muscle Fibers..(5M) 272

12.Role Of ATP In Muscle Contraction And Relaxation ! (3M) 270

13.Isotonic And Isometric Contractions With Examples? (5M) 264

14. Types And Functions Of Nerve Fibre.****** 236 221

220
15. Molecular Basis Of Smooth Muscle Contraction. 279
16. Properties of Nerve Fibres 236
 CNS
LAQs all GK Pal (few physicon 'p')

1. A) Define SYNAPSE. 197p

B)Discuss Synaptic Transmission Of Impulses In Detail***.

C) Write About Properties Of Synapses*****.
D)Write About The Types Of Synaptic Inhibition*****. (1+5+5+4)

2. A) What Is A RECEPTOR? 996 GK

B)Classification Of Receptors.
C) Difference Between Slow And Fast Adapting Receptors
D)Properties Of RECEPTORS
(Law Of Projection, Physiological Basis Of Phantom Limb,
Mullerian Doctrine, Lateral Inhibition Are Important ). [1+5+4+5]

3. A. Discuss The Components, Connections And Functions Of

243p
BASAL GANGLIA. *****
B. Explain The Pathophysiology Of Parkinsonism(Paralysis Agitans) .
Write About Its Clinical Features And Treatment [10+5]

4. 1. Describe The Connections And Functions Of THALAMUS****. Add

A Note On Thalamic Syndrome. [10+5]
239p

5. A)Describe The Origin,Course,Termination And Functions Of

Pyramidal Tract(Corticospinal) *** Draw A Neat Labelled Diagram Of
It. 1062 GK
217 P
 B)Write About The Effect Of Lesion Of Pyramidal Tract At The Level Of
Internal Capsule *

6. A.Describe Functional Divisions, Connections Of CEREBELLUM. ****

235p
B.List Out The Functions Of Cerebellum
C.Write About The Effects Of Cerebellar Disorders (Or) Add A Note On
Cerebellar Disease. 238 P

7. Describe The Functions Of Hypothalamus In Detail*****. 247p

SAQs N VSAQs
1) Renshaw Cell Inhibition.**** 988 GK (3 Marks)

2)Differences Between Chemical And Electrical Synapses. (3 Marks) 987 GK

3)Write About EPSP And IPSP. (5 Marks) 986 GK

4. a) Define Reflex, Reflex Arc. GK 1054

b) Components Of The Reflex Arc. (2+3)

5) Write About Properties Of Reflexes. (5 Marks). 1059 GK

6.Write About Stretch Reflex And Inverse Stretch Reflex****. (5) 1054 GK

7.Write About Withdrawal Reflex And Crossed Extensor Reflex.(5) 1057GK

8.A) Describe Structure Of Muscle Spindle****. (5) 1048 GK

B) Write About Its Nerve Supply. (5) 1049 GK

9.Write About Mechanism Activation Of Muscle Spindle And Also Write

About Stimulation Of GAMMA Effects On Muscle Spindle Activity. (5) 1050 GK

Physicon 204
10.A) Define Pain. 1014 GK

GK 1015
B) Differences Between Fast And Slow Pain.

C)Describe The Pathway Of Pain Sensation With A Neat Diagram. 1016

D)What Is REFERRED PAIN? And Write About The Theories Of 1019

Referred Pain.

E)Modulation Of Pain Perception. [Gate Control Theory i.e Supraspinal

Pain Inhibitory System] 1021

F) Write About One Disorder Of Pain. [Hyperalgesia] 1022

G)Management Or Treatment Of Pain. [1+3+7+5+5+3+3]

11.Describe In Detail About Dorsal Column/Posterior Columns . (5

Marks) [Origin, Course, Centers In Brain, Sensations Carried] 1008

12.List Out The Difference Between LMN And UMN.************ (5) 1045 221p

13.Write About The Differences Between Spasticity And Rigidity. (5)

14.Write A Short Note On Hemisection Of Spinal Cord (Brown Sequard P 225

Syndrome)*******(5)

15.Write Briefly About Somatosensory Cortex (SS1 And SS2) (5) 1034 251p

16.Write A Note On Decerebrate And Decorticate Rigidity. (5) 1074

17.Where Is Area No.44 Located What Are Its Functions. (5) 1144

18.Write A Short Note On HEMIPLEGIA***. (5) 1064, 1069

19.Components And Functions Of LIMBIC SYSTEM**** (5) 1125 p 252

20.Add A Note On (5)

A)Shamrage

B)Reward And Punishment Phenomenon.

p 252
C)Papez Circuit 1127

21.Write About REM And NREM Sleep (Their Genesis/Mechanism And

Differences,Changes In The Body Physiology) (5) p 242

22. What Is An EEG? Write Briefly About The Various Waves That
Consist Of A Normal EEG? (5) 1115

23.Motor Areas Of The Brain. 1043

24.Write A Short Note On Aphasia And Agnosia. 1145 p 254

25.What Is Memory? Write About The Types Of Memory. 1135

26.Write The Mechanism Of Long Term Memory And Short Term 1139
Memory*****.
1144
27.Add A Note On Broca's And Wernicke’s Area.

28.Write About HEMIPLEGIA And PARAPLEGIA. 1069

29.Discuss Antero Lateral System (Spinothalamic Tract). 1009

30.Golgi Tendon Organ And Its Role Inverse Stretch Reflex. 1052

31.Write A Few Points About CLONUS. (3 Marks). 1057

32.BABINSKI SIGN And Its Physiological Basis. (3 Marks) 1073

33.Synaptic Plasticity And Mechanisms Involved In It. (3 Marks) 202 Physicon

 *SPECIAL SENSES*
LAQs

1.Name The Different Parts Of The Ear. Explain The Mechanism Of

HEARING.*** 265 p

2. Explain With The Help Of A Labeled Diagram Of VISUAL PATHWAY.

Indicate The Effects Of Lesions Of Pathway At Different Levels. ****** 262p

SAQs n VSAQs
1.Accommodation Reflexes. (5) 263 p

2.Near Response Of Eye(3) 263p

3.Pupillary Reflexes (3) 263p 1185 GK

4.Errors Of Refraction (Myopia & Hypermetropia) (5) 1175 gk

5.Astigmatism (3) 1175 gk

6.Difference Between Rods And Cones (3) 259 p

7.Electrical Events In Photoreceptors (5) 1178 gk

260p
8.Color Vision And Theories Young-Helmholtz Theory (5) 1194 gk

9.Color Blindness (5) 265 p

gk 1196
10.Light & Dark Adaptation (5) 260 p
gk 1191

11.Night Blindness (3) gk 1286

265 p
12.Presbyopia (3) 264 p

13.Photopic And Scotopic Vision (5)

14.Near Point And Far Point (3) 264 p

15 Functions Of Iris(3) 257 p

16.Organ Of Corti*** (5 ) GK 1206

267 p

17.Functions Of Middle Ear (5)

GK 1204
18.Impedance Matching (5) 266p

19.Tympanic Reflex (3)

20.Types Of Deafness: Conduction Deafness And Nerve Deafness (3) 269 p

21.Rinne’s, Weber’s And Schwabach Test. (3) 269p

22.Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex And Nystagmus (3) Gk 1102 GK1199

23.Endo Cochlear Potential (3) 269p 1213GK

24.Olfactory Pathway (5) 272p

25.Structure Of Taste Bud (3) GK 1224

26.Taste Pathway (5) 270p

1226 gk
 ENDOCRINE PHYSIOLOGY
LAQs
148 p
1. Describe THYROID HORMONE*****:
Synthesis, Transport And Regulation Of Secretion? What Are The
Actions Of TH On Metabolism? Give An Account On Hypo And
Hypersecretion Of TH.

2.Describe INSULIN: Secretion, Action, Regulation (Regulation Of Blood

Sugar Level) 157 p

3.Write About Glucocorticoids(CORTISOL)** : Action And Regulation

And Its Applied Aspects. 162 p

4.Describe The Hormonal Regulation Of Calcium Homeostasis & Its

Applied Aspects. 153 p

5.Describe The Functions/Physiological Actions Of The GROWTH

HORMONE***. How It's Secretion Regulated? What Are The Effects Of
Hyper And Hypo Secretion? 142 p

SAQs n VSAQs
1.Hormonal Regulation Of Glucose Metabolism. (5)

2.Hormonal Physiology Of Growth. (5) 145 p

3. Somatomedins(3) gk 466

4. Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal Axis (3/5) 456 gk

5. Acromegaly (3/5) 143 p

6. Gigantism (3) 143 p

7. Dwarfism (3) 144 p

8. Difference Between Pituitary And Thyroid Dwarf (5) 144p

9. Difference Between T3 And T4 (3) 149 p

10.Hyperthyroidism (5) 152 p

11.Myxedema (3) 152 p

12.Diabetes Mellitus: Types, Clinical Features (5) 159 p

13.Cushing’s Syndrome***. (5) 163 p

14.Glucagon (5) 160 p

15.Addison’s Disease (5) 522 GK

16.Vitamin D Actions (5) 563 gk

17.Hormones Of Anterior Pituitary (5)

18.PTH: Actions And Regulations (5) 154 p

19.Hypocalcemic Tetany (3) 155 p

20.Calcitonin: Actions (3) 154 p

21.Aldosterone Escape (3) 524 gk

22.Thyroid Function Tests*** (5) 151 p

495 gk

23.Oxytocin: Action, Regulation (5) 146 p

24.ADH: Action, Regulation (5) 147p

25.Mechanism Of Action Of Aldosterone (5) 161p

524 gk
26.Addisonian Crisis (3) 165p

27. Diabetes Insipidus: Types (5) 148 p

28. Prolactin (5). 146p

 REPRODUCTIVE PHYSIOLOGY
LAQs All physicon

1. Describe The Hormonal, Ovarian And Uterine Changes During

MENSTRUAL CYCLE. *** 614 GK

SAQs n VSAQs
1. Spermatogenesis & Factors Influencing It (3/5) 169

2. Blood-Testis Barrier (3) 168

3. Functions Of Sertoli Cells (3) 171

4. Actions Of Testosterone And Regulation (3) 171

5. Menstrual Cycle Graph With LH Surge (5) 174

6. Graffian Follicle &Corpus Luteum (3) 610 GK

7. Actions Of Estrogen (5/3) 176

8. Actions Of Progesterone (3/5) 176

9. Fetoplacental Unit (3) 180

10.Hormones Of Pregnancy, Placental Hormones (5) 179 641 GK

11.Milk Ejection Reflex/Neuroendocrine Reflex***/Suckling Reflex(5) 181

12.Hormonal Regulation Of Lactation (3) 651 GK 181

13.Contraception (5) 182

14.Oral Contraceptive Pills And Mini Pills (3) 183

15.Cryptorchidism (3) 172

16.Pregnancy Tests (3) 179

17.Indications, Tests And Regulation Of Ovulation (3) 619 GK

177
18.Physiological Changes During Pregnancy (5)

19.Role Of Oxytocin In Parturition (5) 647 GK

20.IUCD (3) 183

21.Short Note On PUBERTY*** & Changes During It Occurs. (5) 584 GK

22.Seminal Fluid And Its Composition (5) 170

23.Role Of HCG In Pregnancy(3) 641 GK

24.Functions Of Placenta(3) 179

25.Sex Determination(3) 577 GK

26.Physiological Basis Of Anovulatory Menstrual Cycle. (3) 621 GK

*SKIN & MISCELLANEOUS*

SAQs
1.Triple Response ** 85p

2.Functions Of Skin 1236 GK

3.Role Of Skin In Regulation Of Body Temperature *** 1240 GK

54
4.Cardiorespiratory Response To Whole Body Isotonic Exercise. **** 91

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