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    PPT 2

    Uploaded by

    Francis Prudenciado
    math

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    PPT 2

    Uploaded by

    Francis Prudenciado
    3 views11 pages
    math

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

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    math

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    3 views11 pages

    PPT 2

    Uploaded by

    Francis Prudenciado
    math

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    You are on page 1of 11

    CHAPTER 1:

    Limits and Continuity

    Inst. Kathleen Jaeight N. de Guzman


    Question: Is the limit always exist for all functions? No!
    Consider the piecewise function, By computing its limit as 𝑥 approaches to 1:

    𝑥2 ; 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 < 1 At 𝑥 < 1,
    𝑓 𝑥 = ቊ
    𝑥+1 ; 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 ≥ 1
    lim 𝑓(𝑥) = lim 𝑥 2 = 12 =𝟏
    𝑥→1 𝑥→1

    At 𝑥 ≥ 1,

    lim 𝑓(𝑥) = lim (𝑥 + 1) = 1 + 1 = 𝟐


    𝑥→1 𝑥→1

    Since the left and right hand limits exist


    but have different values, then the
    lim 𝑓(𝑥) does not exist.
    𝑥→1
    4: One-Sided Limits

    Suppose you are walking in the middle of nowhere


    and you are looking for a specific location. On you
    side, as you keep walking, you arrived to a wrong
    location and decided to go to the other direction.
    Eventually, on that way, as time goes by, you found
    your desired place and felt happy!
    4: One-Sided Limits
    Definition of One-Sided Limits

    Let 𝑓 be a real-valued function, and 𝑎, 𝐿, ∈ ℝ such that The limit of 𝑓(𝑥) as 𝑥 approaches 𝑎 from the right is 𝐿,
    𝑓 is defined on some open interval 𝐼 containing 𝑎, denoted by
    except possibly at 𝑎.
    lim 𝑓 𝑥 = 𝐿
    𝑥→𝑎+
    The limit of 𝑓(𝑥) as 𝑥 approaches 𝑎 from the left is 𝐿,
    denoted by if the values of 𝑓 𝑥 get closer and closer to 𝐿 as the
    values of 𝑥, that are greater than 𝑎, get closer and
    lim 𝑓 𝑥 = 𝐿 closer to 𝑎
    𝑥→𝑎−

    if the values of 𝑓 𝑥 get closer and closer to 𝐿 as the


    values of 𝑥, that are less than 𝑎, get closer and closer to
    𝑎
    4: One-Sided Limits
    Definition
    Let 𝑓 be a real-valued function, and 𝑎, 𝐿, ∈ ℝ such that 𝑓 is defined on some open interval 𝐼
    containing 𝑎, except possibly at 𝑎. Suppose that lim 𝑓 𝑥 = 0 .
    𝑥→𝑎

    𝑖. If 𝑓 𝑥 > 0 for all 𝑥 approaching 𝑎, then we say that 𝑓 approaches 0 through positive values
    and write 𝑓(𝑥) → 0+ .

    𝑖𝑖. If 𝑓 𝑥 < 0 for all 𝑥 approaching 𝑎, then we say that 𝑓 approaches 0 through negative values
    and write 𝑓 𝑥 → 0− .
    Hb. Evaluate the following limits of the indicated function.

    2𝑥 + 1 ; 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 < 3
    A. Let 𝑓 𝑥 = ቊ
    10 − 𝑥 ; 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 ≥ 3

    Determine:

    1. lim+ 𝑓(𝑥) 2. lim− 𝑓(𝑥) 3. lim 𝑓(𝑥)


    𝑥→3 𝑥→3 𝑥→3
    Hb. Evaluate the following limits of the indicated function.

    𝑥−5
    B. Let 𝑓 𝑥 = 𝑥−5

    Determine:

    1. lim+ 𝑓(𝑥) 2. lim− 𝑓(𝑥) 3. lim 𝑓(𝑥)


    𝑥→5 𝑥→5 𝑥→5
    4: One-Sided Limits
    Definition
    Let 𝑓 be a real-valued function, and 𝑎, 𝐿, ∈ ℝ such that 𝑓 is defined on some open interval 𝐼
    containing 𝑎, except possibly at 𝑎. Then, lim 𝑓 𝑥 = 𝐿 if and only if lim− 𝑓 𝑥 = 𝐿 = lim+ 𝑓(𝑥)
    𝑥→𝑎 𝑥→𝑎 𝑥→𝑎

    Remarks
    i. If 𝑓(𝑥) → 0+ as 𝑥 → 𝑎, and 𝑛 is even, then lim 𝑛
    𝑓(𝑥) = 0.
    𝑥→𝑎
    ii. If 𝑓(𝑥) → 0− as 𝑥 → 𝑎, and 𝑛 is even, then lim 𝑓(𝑥) does not exist.
    𝑛
    𝑥→𝑎
    Hb. Evaluate the following limits of the indicated function.

    C. Let 𝑓 𝑥 = 3 − 𝑥

    Determine:

    1. lim+ 𝑓(𝑥) 2. lim− 𝑓(𝑥) 3. lim 𝑓(𝑥)


    𝑥→3 𝑥→3 𝑥→3
    Hb. Evaluate the following limits of the indicated function.

    D. Let 𝑔 𝑥 = 2𝑥 2 + 𝑥 − 1

    Determine:

    1. lim + 𝑔(𝑥) 2. lim − 𝑔(𝑥) 3. lim 𝑔(𝑥)


    𝑥→−1 𝑥→−1 𝑥→−1
    Hb. Evaluate the following limits of the indicated function.

    D. Let 𝑔 𝑥 = 2𝑥 2 + 𝑥 − 1

    Determine:

    4. lim+ 𝑔(𝑥) 5. lim


    1−
    𝑔(𝑥) 6. lim1 𝑔(𝑥)
    1 𝑥→2 𝑥→2
    𝑥→
    2

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