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    Effectiveness - NTU Method

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    Tamoor Tariq
    The document discusses two methods for analyzing heat exchangers: the log mean temperature difference (LMTD) method and the effectiveness-NTU method. The LMTD method is useful when the inlet and outlet temperatures are known, while the effectiveness-NTU method is better when the outlet temperatures are unknown. The effectiveness-NTU method defines a dimensionless parameter called the number of transfer units (NTU) which indicates the size of the heat exchanger. Heat exchanger effectiveness depends on both the NTU and the capacity ratio of the fluids and indicates the actual heat transfer rate compared to the maximum possible rate. Effectiveness increases rapidly with NTU up to around 1.5 but more slowly at higher NTU values

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    Effectiveness - NTU Method

    Uploaded by

    Tamoor Tariq
    235 views12 pages
    The document discusses two methods for analyzing heat exchangers: the log mean temperature difference (LMTD) method and the effectiveness-NTU method. The LMTD method is useful when the inlet and outlet temperatures are known, while the effectiveness-NTU method is better when the outlet temperatures are unknown. The effectiveness-NTU method defines a dimensionless parameter called the number of transfer units (NTU) which indicates the size of the heat exchanger. Heat exchanger effectiveness depends on both the NTU and the capacity ratio of the fluids and indicates the actual heat transfer rate compared to the maximum possible rate. Effectiveness increases rapidly with NTU up to around 1.5 but more slowly at higher NTU values

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    Effectiveness- NTU Method

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    The document discusses two methods for analyzing heat exchangers: the log mean temperature difference (LMTD) method and the effectiveness-NTU method. The LMTD method is useful when the inlet and outlet temperatures are known, while the effectiveness-NTU method is better when the outlet temperatures are unknown. The effectiveness-NTU method defines a dimensionless parameter called the number of transfer units (NTU) which indicates the size of the heat exchanger. Heat exchanger effectiveness depends on both the NTU and the capacity ratio of the fluids and indicates the actual heat transfer rate compared to the maximum possible rate. Effectiveness increases rapidly with NTU up to around 1.5 but more slowly at higher NTU values

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    235 views12 pages

    Effectiveness - NTU Method

    Uploaded by

    Tamoor Tariq
    The document discusses two methods for analyzing heat exchangers: the log mean temperature difference (LMTD) method and the effectiveness-NTU method. The LMTD method is useful when the inlet and outlet temperatures are known, while the effectiveness-NTU method is better when the outlet temperatures are unknown. The effectiveness-NTU method defines a dimensionless parameter called the number of transfer units (NTU) which indicates the size of the heat exchanger. Heat exchanger effectiveness depends on both the NTU and the capacity ratio of the fluids and indicates the actual heat transfer rate compared to the maximum possible rate. Effectiveness increases rapidly with NTU up to around 1.5 but more slowly at higher NTU values

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    The key takeaways are about two main methods for analyzing heat exchangers: the log mean temperature difference (LMTD) method and the effectiveness-NTU method.

    The two main methods discussed for analyzing heat exchangers are the log mean temperature difference (LMTD) method and the effectiveness-NTU method.

    The LMTD method is useful when the inlet and outlet temperatures are known, while the effectiveness-NTU method is useful when the outlet temperatures are not given. The LMTD method determines the heat transfer rate, while the effectiveness-NTU method determines the maximum possible heat transfer rate.

    Heat Transfer

    Effectiveness NTU method

    Analysis of Heat Exchangers


    Log mean temperature difference (LMTD)
    Effectiveness NTU method

    Effectiveness-NTU Method
    LMTD is useful in heat exchanger analysis when inlet and outlet

    temperatures of the hot and cold fluids are known.


    Once LMTD, the mass flow rate, and the overall heat transfer coefficient are available, the heat transfer surface of the exchanger can be determined from:

    Thus, LMTD is very suitable for determining the size of a heat exchanger. Effectiveness NTU method is very useful when the outlet temperatures are not given.

    Effectiveness-NTU Method
    NTU: Number of Transfer Unit.

    This kind of analysis is useful to compare the performances of various


    types of heat exchangers for similar heat exchange. This is based on a dimensionless group called the heat transfer effectiveness.

    Heat transfer effectiveness

    Actual Heat Transfer rate

    Effectiveness-NTU Method

    To determine the maximum possible heat transfer rate in a heat exchanger, it is first to recognize the maximum temperature difference.

    The fluid with the smaller heat capacity rate will experience a larger

    temperature range.
    Cmin fluid needs less energy for highest temperature change.

    Effectiveness-NTU Method

    The above is for parallel flow heat exchangers Effectiveness relations of the heat exchangers typically involve the dimensionless group UAs/Cmin. This quantity is called the Number of Transfer Units (NTU)

    Effectiveness-NTU Method
    NTU is an indication of the size of the heat exchanger.

    As NTU is proportional to the As, for the specified values of U and Cmin.
    In heat exchanger analysis, it is also convenient to define another dimensionless quantity called the capacity ratio, c as
    Capacity ratio

    Thus, collectively effectiveness of a heat exchanger is a function of the number of transfer units NTU and the capacity ratio

    Effectiveness-NTU Method

    Effectiveness-NTU Method

    Effectiveness-NTU Method, Important Points


    The values of the effectiveness ranges from 0 to 1. It increases rapidly

    with NTU for small values (up to about NTU = 1.5) but rather slowly for
    larger values. Therefore, the use of a heat exchanger with a large NTU (usually larger than 3) and thus a larger size cannot be justified

    economically. A heat exchanger with a very high effectiveness may be


    highly desirable from a heat transfer point of view but rather undesirable from an economical point of view. For a given NTU and capacity ratio, the counter flow heat exchangers has the highest effectiveness, followed by cross flow exchanger. The parallel flow exchangers have least effectiveness.

    Ref: Heat transfer: A practical Approach by cengel, 2nd edition

    Ref: Chemical Engineering vol 1 by Richardson and Coulson

    Lecture from
    Ref: Heat transfer: A practical Approach by cengel, 2nd

    edition

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