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    Secondary One Chemistry 2015: Elements

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    Ping Hui
    1) Elements are the basic building blocks of all matter and cannot be broken down further by chemical methods. Each element consists of only one type of atom. 2) There are over 116 known elements, which are classified in the Periodic Table according to their properties. Elements can be classified as metals or non-metals based on properties like conductivity, appearance, strength, and melting points. 3) When elements combine, they form compounds or mixtures. Water is a compound made of the elements hydrogen and oxygen combined in a 2:1 ratio, though individually hydrogen and oxygen are gases.

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    Secondary One Chemistry 2015: Elements

    Uploaded by

    Ping Hui
    25 views18 pages
    1) Elements are the basic building blocks of all matter and cannot be broken down further by chemical methods. Each element consists of only one type of atom. 2) There are over 116 known elements, which are classified in the Periodic Table according to their properties. Elements can be classified as metals or non-metals based on properties like conductivity, appearance, strength, and melting points. 3) When elements combine, they form compounds or mixtures. Water is a compound made of the elements hydrogen and oxygen combined in a 2:1 ratio, though individually hydrogen and oxygen are gases.

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    Elements

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    1) Elements are the basic building blocks of all matter and cannot be broken down further by chemical methods. Each element consists of only one type of atom. 2) There are over 116 known elements, which are classified in the Periodic Table according to their properties. Elements can be classified as metals or non-metals based on properties like conductivity, appearance, strength, and melting points. 3) When elements combine, they form compounds or mixtures. Water is a compound made of the elements hydrogen and oxygen combined in a 2:1 ratio, though individually hydrogen and oxygen are gases.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    25 views18 pages

    Secondary One Chemistry 2015: Elements

    Uploaded by

    Ping Hui
    1) Elements are the basic building blocks of all matter and cannot be broken down further by chemical methods. Each element consists of only one type of atom. 2) There are over 116 known elements, which are classified in the Periodic Table according to their properties. Elements can be classified as metals or non-metals based on properties like conductivity, appearance, strength, and melting points. 3) When elements combine, they form compounds or mixtures. Water is a compound made of the elements hydrogen and oxygen combined in a 2:1 ratio, though individually hydrogen and oxygen are gases.

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    Secondary One Chemistry 2015

    Elements

    Syllabus Objectives
    1. Recognise that substances can be
    classified as elements, compounds
    and mixtures
    2. Distinguish among elements,
    compounds and mixtures
    3. State that elements are the basic
    building blocks of living and nonliving matter
    4. Recognise that elements are classified
    according to their properties
    2

    What are elements?


    1. Elements are the basic building
    blocks of all matter (living and nonliving things).

    What are elements?


    Earth crust is made
    of up these
    elements:

    The human body is


    made of up these
    elements:

    What are elements?


    2. An element is a pure substance that
    cannot be broken down into
    simpler substances by chemical
    methods.
    3. Each element consist of only one
    type of atom.

    Which particulate diagram represents the


    element iron? Explain why.

    It consists of one
    type of atom
    only.

    Which particulate diagram represents the


    element chlorine? Explain why.

    It consists of one
    type of atom only.

    The Periodic Table of


    Elements

    1. How many elements are there?


    - 116 known elements
    - 92 occur naturally, 24 are man-made
    2. How do we know what are the
    elements?
    - All the discovered elements are
    classified into a table called the
    Periodic Table.

    The Periodic Table of


    Elements

    The Periodic Table of Elements


    The names of elements are
    represented by chemical symbols.

    As we move from left to right


    along a period, the properties
    of elements gradually change
    from metals to non-metals.

    Exercise 1
    Use the Periodic Table to complete the table
    below.
    Element
    Chemical
    Symbol
    Silver
    Lithium
    Neon
    Magnesium
    Sodium
    Lead
    Tungsten

    Ag
    Li
    Ne
    Mg
    Na
    Pb
    W

    How can we classify


    elements?

    1. Classifying elements by state (at


    room temp)

    Solids (e.g.: sodium, magnesium)

    Liquids (e.g.: mercury, bromine)

    Gases (e.g.: oxygen, chlorine)


    12

    How can we classify


    elements?
    2. Classifying elements as metals and
    non-metals
    Property

    Metals

    Non-metals

    Electrical
    conductivity

    good

    non-conductors

    Appearance

    shiny

    dull

    Strength

    strong and hard

    weak and soft

    Durability

    malleable and
    ductile

    brittle and break


    easily

    Thermal
    conductivity

    good

    poor

    Density

    high

    low

    Melting and
    boiling points

    high

    low
    13

    What happens when


    different elements combine
    together?
    When different types of elements combine
    together, they form new substances.

    Plants give
    out oxygen

    Oxygen combines with


    element silicon to form
    sand.

    Oxygen combines with


    element hydrogen to
    form water.
    14

    Exercise 2
    The following substances are made of
    different elements combined together.
    Complete the following table.
    Substance
    Water
    Carbon
    dioxide
    Glucose
    Common
    Salt

    Elements making up the


    substance
    hydrogen, oxygen
    oxygen, carbon
    carbon, oxygen, hydrogen
    sodium, chlorine
    15

    Exercise 3
    Water is broken down into hydrogen and
    oxygen when an electric current is passed
    through it.

    16

    a) From the experiment, is water an element?


    Water can be broken down
    into simpler substances which is oxygen
    and hydrogen.
    b) What elements does water contains?
    Oxygen and hydrogen
    c) Deduce the ratio of elements that form
    water.

    The ratio of

    oxygen : hydrogen is 1:2.

    17

    d) Compare the physical properties of water


    with the physical properties of its
    constituent elements?
    Oxygen and hydrogen are gases while
    water is a liquid.

    18

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