Column Design
Column Design
Column Design
CEN 347
Introduction
Types of Column
Types of Column
Types of Column
Strength of short or Slender Columns
Strength of short or Slender Columns
Strength of short or Slender Columns
0.70
0.65
Analysis and Design of Short Columns
General Information
General Information
Column:
Analysis and Design of Short Columns
Spiral Columns
Elastic Behavior
n Es / Ec
f s nf c
Ac concrete area
As steel area
Analysis and Design of Short Columns
Elastic Behavior
An elastic analysis does not work because creep and
shrinkage affect the acting concrete compression strain
as follows:
Analysis and Design of Short Columns
Elastic Behavior
The change in concrete strain with respect to time will
effect the concrete and steel stresses as follows:
Concrete stress
Steel stress
Analysis and Design of Short Columns
Elastic Behavior
Therefore, we are not able to calculate the real stresses
in the reinforced concrete column under acting loads
over time. As a result, an allowable stress design
procedure using an elastic analysis was found to be
unacceptable. Reinforced concrete columns have been
designed by a strength method since the 1940s.
Pn max rP0
Examples of
lateral ties.
Behavior, Nominal Capacity and Design
under concentric Axial loads
Asp Dc
from : s
1 4 Dc s
2
Behavior, Nominal Capacity and Design
under concentric Axial loads
Reinforcement Requirements (Spiral)
Ag f c
s 1 * ACI Eqn. 10-6
A f
c y
where
Asp cross - sectional area of spiral reinforcement
Dc2
Ac core area
4
Dc core diameter : outside edge to outside edge of spiral
s spacing(pitch of spiral steel (center to center)
f y yield strength of spiral steel 60,000 psi
Behavior, Nominal Capacity and Design
under concentric Axial loads
4. Design for Concentric Axial Loads
(a) Load Combination
Pn Pu
where, = 0.7 for tied columns
= 0.75 for spiral columns
Behavior, Nominal Capacity and Design
under concentric Axial loads
4. Design for Concentric Axial Loads
(c) Expression for Design
defined:
ACI Code 0.01 g 0.08
Ast
g
Ag
Behavior, Nominal Capacity and Design
under concentric Axial loads
Pn r Ag 0.85 f c Ast f y 0.85 f c Pu
concrete steel
or
Pn r Ag 0.85 f c g f y 0.85 f c Pu
Behavior, Nominal Capacity and Design
under concentric Axial loads
* when g is known or assumed:
Pu
Ag
r 0.85 f c g f y 0.85 f c
* when Ag is known or assumed:
1 P
Ast u
Ag 0.85 f c
f y 0 .85 f
c
r
Example: Design tied Column for
concentric Axial Load
Design tied column for concentric axial load
Pdl = 150 k; Pll =300 k; Pw = 50 k
fc =4500 psi fy = 60 ksi
Design a square column aim for g =0.03. Select
longitudinal transverse reinforcement.
Behavior under Combined Bending and
Axial Loads
Usually moment is represented by axial load times
eccentricity, i.e.
Behavior under Combined Bending and
Axial Loads
Resultant Forces action at Centroid
( h/2 in this case )
Pn Cs1 Cc Ts2
compression
is positive
h h a h
M n Cs1 * d1 Cc * Ts2 * d 2
2 2 2 2
Behavior under Combined Bending and
Axial Loads
Interaction Diagram Between Axial Load and Moment
( Failure Envelope )
Concrete crushes
before steel yields
Note: Any combination of P and M outside the envelope will cause failure.
Behavior under Combined Bending and
Axial Loads
Axial Load and Moment Interaction Diagram -General
Example: Axial Load vs. Moment
Interaction Diagram