Quality Control

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What is Quality?

Quality is “fitness for use”


(Joseph Juran)
Quality is “conformance to requirements”
(Philip B. Crosby)
Quality of a product or services is its ability to satisfy
the needs and expectations of the customer
Dimensions of Quality
The Deming Cycle or PDCA Cycle

PLAN
Plan a change to the process. Predict the
effect this change will have and plan how
the effects will be measured
ACT DO
Adopt the change as a Implement the change on
permanent modification to a small scale and measure
the process, or abandon it. the effects

CHECK
Study the results to learn
what effect the change
had, if any.
What is Quality Circle

 Quality Circle -is a small group of 6 to 12 employees doing similar


work who voluntarily meet together on a regular basis to identify
improvements in their respective work areas using proven techniques for
analysing and solving work related problems coming in the way of
achieving and sustaining excellence leading to mutual upliftment of
employees as well as the organisation. It is "a way of capturing the
creative and innovative power that lies within the work force".
 Quality Circle concept has three major attributes:

– Quality Circle is a form of participation management.


– Quality Circle is a human resource development technique.
– Quality Circle is a problem solving technique.
Objectives
The objectives of Quality Circles are multi-faced.
a) Change in Attitude.
From "I don’t care" to "I do care" Continuous improvement in quality of work
life through humanisation of work.

b) Self Development
Bring out ‘Hidden Potential’ of people People get to learn additional skills.

c) Development of Team Spirit


Individual Vs Team – "I could not do but we did it“ Eliminate inter
departmental conflicts.

d) Improved Organisational Culture


Positive working environment.
Total involvement of people at all levels.
Higher motivational level.
Participate Management process.
Structure of quality circle
 The structure of a Quality Circle consists of the
following elements.
– A steering committee: This is at the top of the structure. It is headed by
a senior executive and includes representatives from the top
management personnel and human resources development people. It
establishes policy, plans and directs the program and meets usually
once in a month.
– Co-ordinator: He may be a Personnel or Administrative officer who co-
ordinates and supervises the work of the facilitators and administers
the programme.
– Facilitator: He may be a senior supervisory officer. He co-ordiates the
works of several quality circles through the Circle leaders.
– Circle leader: Leaders may be from lowest level workers or Supervisors.
A Circle leader organises and conducts Circle activities.
– Circle members : They may be staff workers. Without circle members
the porgramme cannot exist. They are the lifeblood of quality circles.
Basic Seven Q.C. Tools?
Check Sheets
 Flow Charts
 Histograms

 Pareto Diagrams
 Cause and Effect Diagrams
 Scatter Diagrams

 Control Charts
New Seven Q.C. Tools

Affinity Diagrams
 Relations Diagrams
 Tree Diagrams
 Matrix Diagrams
 Arrow Diagrams
 Process Decision Program Charts
 Prioritization Matrix
Relationship between new & old tools

FACTS
Data

Numerical Data Verbal Data


Define problem after Define problem before
collecting numerical data collecting numerical data

The Basic Seven Tools The Seven New Tools


•Generate Ideas
•Analytical approach
Organize
•Formulate plans

Information

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