This document discusses animal cloning and its pros and cons. It provides a brief history of cloning, explaining key experiments from 1902 to 1996. It outlines the cloning process used to create Dolly the sheep in 1996. While cloning can potentially cure diseases and save endangered species, it is expensive and public perception of cloned food products is negative. The document defines cloning and notes that cloned animals are genetically identical but not exact copies. It discusses cloning facts and fallacies, and reviews a proposed US bill to prohibit human cloning.
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This document discusses animal cloning and its pros and cons. It provides a brief history of cloning, explaining key experiments from 1902 to 1996. It outlines the cloning process used to create Dolly the sheep in 1996. While cloning can potentially cure diseases and save endangered species, it is expensive and public perception of cloned food products is negative. The document defines cloning and notes that cloned animals are genetically identical but not exact copies. It discusses cloning facts and fallacies, and reviews a proposed US bill to prohibit human cloning.
This document discusses animal cloning and its pros and cons. It provides a brief history of cloning, explaining key experiments from 1902 to 1996. It outlines the cloning process used to create Dolly the sheep in 1996. While cloning can potentially cure diseases and save endangered species, it is expensive and public perception of cloned food products is negative. The document defines cloning and notes that cloned animals are genetically identical but not exact copies. It discusses cloning facts and fallacies, and reviews a proposed US bill to prohibit human cloning.
Copyright:
Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
This document discusses animal cloning and its pros and cons. It provides a brief history of cloning, explaining key experiments from 1902 to 1996. It outlines the cloning process used to create Dolly the sheep in 1996. While cloning can potentially cure diseases and save endangered species, it is expensive and public perception of cloned food products is negative. The document defines cloning and notes that cloned animals are genetically identical but not exact copies. It discusses cloning facts and fallacies, and reviews a proposed US bill to prohibit human cloning.
Copyright:
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Animal Cloning:
To Clone, or not to Clone
Dolly Pros: Cure human diseases
Using animal organs
Create animals that are disease resistant More consistent food products Save endangered species Cons: Public perception
Use technology to clone
humans
Expensive
Not efficient
Cloned products cannot
be marketed Cloning Definition: The process of making identical genomic copies of an original animal. Encyclopedia Britannica: An individual organism that was grown from a single body cell of its parent and that is genetically identical to it. Brief History of Cloning 1902: Walter Sutton proves chromosomes hold genetic information.
1902: German scientist Hans Spemann
divides a salamander embryo.
Spemann proposes a “fantastical
experiment” Brief History of Cloning 1952: Briggs and King clone tadpoles.
1953: Watson and Crick find the structure of
DNA.
1962: John Gurdon clones frogs from
differentiated cells.
1963: J.B.S. Haldane coins the term ‘clone’.
Brief History of Cloning 1977: Karl Illmensee creates mice with only one parent,
1984: Twinning- create genetic copies from
embryonic cells.
1996: First animal cloned from adult cells is
born. The Cloning Process 1978: Splitting embryos
1986: Embryo Cloning
1994: Embryonic cell line cloning
1996: Adult or Somatic cell cloning
Creating Dolly
Stage 1
Cell collected from a sheep’s udder.
Stage 2
Nucleus is removed from unfertilized egg
of second sheep. Stage 3
Udder cell is inserted into egg with no
nucleus. Stage 4
Insertion is successful. Stage 5
Electrical charge is supplied.
Stage 6
Cells begin to divide.
Stages 7 & 8 Cloning Facts Plant cloning has been around for thousands of years Farm animal cloning has been around for over 20 years Cloning is a form of asexual reproduction Clones are not exact copies Cloned animals are safe to raise and eat Cloning Fallacies Genetic make-up is altered Mutants are created Clones are unhealthy Will eventually lead to cloning humans Possible to recreate people such as Hitler House Bill 2505 Human Cloning Prohibition Act Prohibition on human cloning
Criminal Penalty: Up to 10 years
imprisonment
Civil penalty: Minimum 1 million dollar
fine Final Thoughts Cloning has been around for a long time Cloned products are safe Useful in medical and pharmacological fields Will not replace traditional animal agriculture Need to better educate public Close regulation
