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    Precipitation Reactions

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    Shada Salloum
    Here is the balanced chemical equation with the precipitate identified: Pb(NO3)2 (aq) + 2KI (aq) → PbI2 (s) + 2KNO3 (aq) The precipitate is lead iodide, PbI2.

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    Precipitation Reactions

    Uploaded by

    Shada Salloum
    106 views19 pages
    Here is the balanced chemical equation with the precipitate identified: Pb(NO3)2 (aq) + 2KI (aq) → PbI2 (s) + 2KNO3 (aq) The precipitate is lead iodide, PbI2.

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    Here is the balanced chemical equation with the precipitate identified: Pb(NO3)2 (aq) + 2KI (aq) → PbI2 (s) + 2KNO3 (aq) The precipitate is lead iodide, PbI2.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    106 views19 pages

    Precipitation Reactions

    Uploaded by

    Shada Salloum
    Here is the balanced chemical equation with the precipitate identified: Pb(NO3)2 (aq) + 2KI (aq) → PbI2 (s) + 2KNO3 (aq) The precipitate is lead iodide, PbI2.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 19

    (Reactions that form a precipitate)

    Definition:
    Precipitate: A solid that forms as the result of a chemical
    reaction in aqueous solution.
    Precipitation Reaction:
    A reaction in which a solid is formed from a solution is
    called a precipitation reaction
    Solid = precipitate = insoluble

    What is the precipitate in the reaction below?

    Pb(NO3)2 (aq) + 2NaI (aq) PbI2 (s) + 2NaNO3 (aq)


    Not all ionic compounds dissolve!

    Instead of doing experiments all the


    time to see which ones will dissolve,
    we use The solubility rules.
    First Step: Practice Using Solubility Rules – Are These
    Compounds Soluble or Insoluble?
    Barium Nitrate
    * Use the solubility rules
    Potassium Carbonate
    on your periodic table
    Sodium Sulfate
    Copper (II) Hydroxide
    Mercury (I) Chloride
    Ammonium Phosphate
    Chromium (III) Sulfide
    Lead (II) Sulfate
    Solubility – Why does it matter?
    A precipitation reaction only occurs if one of the products is
    insoluble.
    Back to Precipitation Reactions
    What Happens When an Ionic Compound Dissolves
    in Water?

    NaCl (s) NaCl (aq)

    But what does NaCl (aq) mean?

    NaCl particles in Na+ and Cl- ions in


    water ? water ?
    Na and Cl atoms in
    water?
    When an ionic compound dissolves
    in water, it breaks apart into ions:

    NaCl (aq)  Na+ + Cl-


    Predicting whether a reaction happens
    What happens when solutions of BaCl2 and Na2SO4 are
    made?

    The ionic compounds break up into their cations and


    anions:
    BaCl2 becomes Ba2+ and Cl-
    Na2SO4 becomes Na+ and SO42-
    When the two solutions are mixed together,
    there will be 4 ions floating around:

    Ba2+ Cl- Na+ SO42-


    A double replacement reaction will occur in this case
    because when the ions switch partners, there is a
    precipitate:
    BaCl2(aq) + Na2SO4(aq) BaSO4(s) + NaCl(aq)

    How do we know that it was the barium sulfate that was


    the precipitate?? From the solubility rules!
    Another example: Will a reaction occur between solutions of NaCl
    and AgNO3?

    NaCl (aq) + AgNO (aq)  ?


    3

    The reactants separate into ions.


    Using the solubility rules, we see that NaNO3 is soluble, so
    those ions will continue to float around in the water. However,
    AgCl is insoluble:
    Because we got a new substance (AgCl) , a chemical
    reaction took place:

    NaCl (aq) + AgNO (aq)  NaNO (aq) + AgCl (s)


    3 3
    Practice:
    Will this reaction occur?

    2 NaNO3 (aq) + Li2SO4 (aq)  Na2SO4 + 2 LiNO3

    Is Na2SO4 soluble in water?


    Is LiNO3 soluble in water?

    Will the reaction occur?


    Steps for writing a precipitation reaction
    Step 1: Identify the reactants
    Step 2: Split each reactant into its positive and negative
    ions.
    Step 3: Identify the possible products of the reactants by
    swapping the positive and negative ions of the
    reactants.
    Step 4: Write the equation and balance it so that equal
    numbers of all atoms occur on both sides.
    Step 5: Use the Solubility Rules to find if one product is
    insoluble. If one product is insoluble, the reaction
    occurs. If both products are soluble, no reaction occurs.
    Practice: Switch the partner ions and write balanced
    equations for each possible reaction. Use your Solubility
    Rules to see whether a precipitate forms.

    NaOH + CaCl2

    CuBr2 + (NH4)2CO3

    K2SO4 + Fe(NO3)3
    Practice:
    A precipitate forms when a colourless solution of
    lead II nitrate Pb(NO3)2 is added to a colourless solution
    of potassium iodide (KI). A dense yellow colour appears
    that is solid lead iodide. Write a balanced chemical
    equation, identifying the precipitate.

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