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    Technology of Machine Tools: Metal-Cutting Saws

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    Anibal Daza

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Technology of Machine Tools: Metal-Cutting Saws

    Uploaded by

    Anibal Daza
    25 views20 pages

    Original Title

    unit 35

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    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    25 views20 pages

    Technology of Machine Tools: Metal-Cutting Saws

    Uploaded by

    Anibal Daza

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
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    PowerPoint to accompany

    Technology of Machine Tools


    6th Edition

    Krar • Gill • Smid

    Metal-Cutting Saws
    Section 9

    Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.


    Permission required for reproduction or display.
    35-2

    Metal-Cutting Saws
    • First crude saw closely followed origin of
    stone ax and knife
    – Sharp edges of stones were serrated or toothed
    – Cut by scraping away particles of object
    • Great improvement followed the
    appearance of copper, bronze, and ferrous
    metals
    • Today steel available for saw blades
    PowerPoint to accompany

    Technology of Machine Tools


    6th Edition

    Krar • Gill • Smid

    Types of Metal Saws


    Unit 35

    Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.


    Permission required for reproduction or display.
    35-4

    Objectives
    • Name five types of cutting-off machines
    and state the advantage of each
    • Select the proper blade to use for cutting
    various cross sections
    • Install a saw band on a horizontal bandsaw
    • Use a bandsaw to cut off work to an
    accurate length
    35-5

    Methods of Cutting Off Material


    • Five most common methods of cutting off
    material
    – Hacksawing
    – Bandsawing
    – Abrasive cutting
    – Cold sawing
    – Friction sawing
    35-6

    Power Hacksaw
    • Reciprocating type of saw
    – Frame and blade travel back and forth
    – Pressure applied automatically on forward stroke
    • Limited use in machine shop work
    • Usually permanently mounted to floor
    35-7

    Horizontal Bandsaw
    • Flexible, belt like "endless", blade that cuts
    continuously in one direction
    • Thin, continuous blade travels over rims of
    two pulley wheels and passes through roller
    guide brackets
    – Support blade and keep it running true
    • Popular for high production and versatility
    35-8

    Abrasive Cutoff Saw


    • Cuts by means of thin, abrasive wheel
    revolving at high speed
    • Well suited for cutting most metals and
    materials such as glass and ceramics
    • Can cut to close tolerances
    • Can be performed under dry conditions
    – Use of cutting fluid keeps work and saw cooler
    and produces better surface finish
    35-9

    Cold Circular Cutoff Saw


    • Uses circular blade similar to one used on
    wood-cutting table saw
    • Generally made of chrome-vanadium steel
    – Carbide-tipped blades used for some
    applications
    • Suited for cutting aluminum, brass, copper,
    machine steel, and stainless steel
    35-10

    Friction Sawing
    • Burning process by which saw band (with
    or without) saw teeth, is run at high speeds
    to burn or melt its way through metal
    – 10,000 to 25,000 sf/min
    • Cannot be used on solid metal
    – Amount of heat generated
    • Excellent for cutting structural and
    honeycombed parts of machine or stainless
    steel
    35-11

    Horizontal Bandsaw Parts


    • Frame - hinged at motor end with two pulley
    wheels over which continuous blade passes
    • Step Pulleys - Used to vary speed of blade
    • Roller guide brackets - Provide rigidity for section
    of blade
    • Blade tension handle - Used to adjust tension on
    saw blade
    • Vise - Mounted on table, adjusted to hold work
    35-12

    Saw Blades
    • Commonly made of high-speed tungsten and
    high-speed molybdenum steel
    – Hardened completely for power hacksaw
    – Flexible blades on bandsaws have teeth hardened
    • Manufactured in various degrees of
    coarseness, ranging from 4-14 pitch
    – 10-pitch blade used for general-purpose sawing
    – Always select saw blade as coarse as possible
    • Always have two teeth of blade in contact
    with work at all times
    35-13

    Installing a Blade
    • Make sure teeth are pointing in direction of
    saw travel or toward motor end of machine
    • Adjust blade tension to prevent blade from
    twisting or wandering during cut
    • Rotate work ½ turn in vise, if need to
    replace blade before cut finished
    – Prevent new blade from jamming
    35-14

    Procedure for Installing a


    Saw Blade

    1. Loosen blade tension handle


    2. Move adjustable pulley wheel forward
    slightly
    3. Mount new saw band over two pulleys
    • Check that saw teeth pointing toward motor
    end of machine
    35-15

    4. Place saw blade between rollers of guide


    brackets
    5. Tighten blade tension handle only enough
    to hold blade on pulleys
    6. Start and quickly stop machine to make
    saw blade revolve turn or two
    • Will seat blade on pulley
    7. Tighten blade tension handle tightly as
    possible with one hand
    35-16

    Sawing
    • Important that correct type and pitch of saw
    blade be selected and run at proper speed
    • Blades
    – Finer tooth when cutting thin cross sections and
    extra-hard materials
    – Coarser tooth used for thick cross sections and
    soft, stringy material
    • Speed
    – Should suit type and thickness of material
    – Too fast will dull saw teeth quickly
    35-17

    To Saw Work to Length


    1. Check solid vise jaw with square
    2. Place material in vise, supporting long
    pieces with floor stand
    3. Lower saw blade until it just clears work
    • Engage ratchet lever or close hydraulic valve
    to keep position
    4. Adjust roller guide brackets until they just
    clear both sides of material to be cut
    5. Hold steel rule against edge of saw blade
    and move material until correct length
    35-18

    6. Always allow .060 in. for each 1 in. of


    thickness longer than required to
    compensate for any saw run-out
    7. Tighten vise and recheck length from
    blade to end of material
    8. Raise saw frame slightly, release ratchet
    lever or open hydraulic valve, and start
    machine
    9. Lower blade slowly until just touches work
    10. When cut completed, machine will shut off
    35-19

    Sawing Hints
    1. Never attempt to mount, measure, or
    remove work unless saw is stopped
    2. Guard long material at both ends to
    prevent anyone from coming in contact
    with it
    3. Use cutting fluid whenever possible to
    help prolong life of saw blade
    35-20

    4. When sawing thin pieces, hold material


    flat in vise to prevent saw teeth from
    stripping
    5. Use caution when applying extra force to
    saw frame
    • Generally causes work to be cut out of square
    6. Set stop gage when several pieces of same
    length are required
    7. Place short piece of same thickness in
    opposite end of vise when holding short
    work

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