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Temperature Sensors: Internet of Things (Iot)

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Madhur Mehta

This document discusses different types of temperature sensors used in IoT applications. It describes thermocouples, thermistors, thermostats, and resistive temperature detectors (RTDs). Thermocouples detect temperature changes via the Seebeck effect and come in various types like K-type and S-type. Thermistors are resistors whose resistance changes with temperature, while thermostats use a bimetallic strip that bends when heated. RTDs measure temperature by changing resistance predictably and are often made of platinum. Each sensor type has advantages like requiring no power (thermocouples) or higher accuracy (RTDs), as well as disadvantages like non-linearity or lower ruggedness.

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Temperature Sensors: Internet of Things (Iot)

Uploaded by

Madhur Mehta
54 views18 pages
This document discusses different types of temperature sensors used in IoT applications. It describes thermocouples, thermistors, thermostats, and resistive temperature detectors (RTDs). Thermocouples detect temperature changes via the Seebeck effect and come in various types like K-type and S-type. Thermistors are resistors whose resistance changes with temperature, while thermostats use a bimetallic strip that bends when heated. RTDs measure temperature by changing resistance predictably and are often made of platinum. Each sensor type has advantages like requiring no power (thermocouples) or higher accuracy (RTDs), as well as disadvantages like non-linearity or lower ruggedness.

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This document discusses different types of temperature sensors used in IoT applications. It describes thermocouples, thermistors, thermostats, and resistive temperature detectors (RTDs). Thermocouples detect temperature changes via the Seebeck effect and come in various types like K-type and S-type. Thermistors are resistors whose resistance changes with temperature, while thermostats use a bimetallic strip that bends when heated. RTDs measure temperature by changing resistance predictably and are often made of platinum. Each sensor type has advantages like requiring no power (thermocouples) or higher accuracy (RTDs), as well as disadvantages like non-linearity or lower ruggedness.

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© All Rights Reserved
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Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
54 views18 pages

Temperature Sensors: Internet of Things (Iot)

Uploaded by

Madhur Mehta
This document discusses different types of temperature sensors used in IoT applications. It describes thermocouples, thermistors, thermostats, and resistive temperature detectors (RTDs). Thermocouples detect temperature changes via the Seebeck effect and come in various types like K-type and S-type. Thermistors are resistors whose resistance changes with temperature, while thermostats use a bimetallic strip that bends when heated. RTDs measure temperature by changing resistance predictably and are often made of platinum. Each sensor type has advantages like requiring no power (thermocouples) or higher accuracy (RTDs), as well as disadvantages like non-linearity or lower ruggedness.

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You are on page 1/ 18

TEMPERATURE

SENSORS
INTERNET OF THINGS(IOT)
TEAM MEMBERS

• Madhur Mehta (200171)


• Bhavyam Arora (200176)
• Mathamsetty Krishna Akhil (200324)
INTRODUCTION TO
TEMPERATURE
SENSORS
A temperature sensor is an
electronic device that measures
the temperature of its
environment and converts the
input data into electronic data to
record, monitor, or signal
temperature changes.
 TYPES

• There are many different types of Temperature Sensor available and all


have different characteristics depending upon their actual application. A
temperature sensor consists of two basic physical types:
• Contact Temperature Sensor Types 
• Non-contact Temperature Sensor Types 
SENSORS COVERED

• Thermocouple
• Thermistor
• Thermostat
• Resistive Temperature Detectors
THERMOCOUPLE

A thermocouple is an electrical device


consisting of two dissimilar electrical
conductors forming an electrical
junction. A thermocouple produces a
temperature dependent voltage as a
result of seebeck effect, and this voltage
can be interpreted to measure K-Type S-Type
temperature. Thermocouples are widely
used as temperature sensors.
CONSTRUCTION AND WORKING
PRINCIPLE
•Construction of Thermocouple Sensors
The construction of the device comprises two different metal wires and that are connected
together at the junction end. The end of the junction is classified into three type’s namely
ungrounded, grounded, and exposed junction.
•Working Principle of Thermocouple Sensors
Thermocouple circuits are coupled by two junctions, when the temperature of the junction is
dissimilar from each other, then the electromagnetic force generates in the circuit.
If the temperate at the junction end turn into equivalent, then the equivalent, as well as reverse
electromagnetic force, produces in the circuit, and there is no flow of current through it.
THERMISTOR

The Thermistor is a type of
temperature sensor, whose name is
a combination of the words
THERM-ally sensitive res-ISTOR.
A thermistor is a special type of
resistor which changes its physical
resistance when exposed to
changes in temperature.
CONSTRUCTION AND WORKING
PRINCIPLE
• Construction of Thermistors
The thermistor is made with the sintered mixture of metallic oxides like manganese, cobalt,
nickel, cobalt, copper, iron, uranium, etc. It is available in the form of the bead, rod and disc. 
• Working Principle of Thermistors
oThe principle obeyed by the thermistor is its dependency on-resistance values on the change
in temperature.
oIf the temperature tends to increase the resistance in the circuit decreases in these special
variants of resistors. It is decided based on the coefficient of temperature.
THERMOSTAT
The Thermostat is a contact type electro-mechanical
temperature sensor or switch, that basically consists of
two different metals such as nickel, copper, tungsten or
aluminium etc., that are bonded together to form a Bi-
metallic strip.
The Bi-metallic Thermostat
A temperature-sensitive electrical contact used in some
thermostats, consisting of two bands of different metals
joined lengthwise. When heated, the metals expand at
different rates, causing the strip to bend.
CONSTRUCTION AND WORKING
PRINCIPLE

•  Construction of Thermostat 
The thermostat consists of two thermally different metals stuck together back to back. When it is
cold the contacts are closed and current passes through the thermostat. When it gets hot, one
metal expands more than the other and the bonded bi-metallic strip bends up (or down) opening
the contacts preventing the current from flowing.
• Working Principle of Thermostat
The main principle of thermostats is based on the difference in the linear expansion coefficient
of the metals. Therefore, it forces them to generate a mechanical movement due to heat rise.
RESISTIVE
TEMPERATURE
DETECTORS
Temperature sensors that contain a resistor
that changes resistance value as its
temperature changes. 
The more common types of RTD’s are
made from platinum and are
called Platinum Resistance
Thermometer or PRT‘s with the most
commonly available of them all the Pt100
sensor, which has a standard resistance
value of 100Ω at 0oC.
CONSTRUCTION AND WORKING
PRINCIPLE
• Construction of RTD (Resistance Temperature Detector)
The construction is typically such that the wire is wound on a form (in a coil) on notched mica
cross frame to achieve small size, improving the thermal conductivity to decrease the response
time and a high rate of heat transfer is obtained.
• Working Principle of RTD (Resistance Temperature Detector)
Resistance Temperature Detectors (RTD) operates on the principle that the electrical resistance of
a metal changes predictably in an essentially linear and repeatable manner with changes in
temperature. RTD have a positive temperature coefficient (resistance increases with temperature).
ADVANTAGES

 (Advantages of thermocouple are): No external power required,


simple and rugged in construction, cheaper, support for wider
temperature range etc.
 (Advantages of RTD are ): More stable, higher accuracy, more
linearity compare to thermocouple
 (Advantages of thermistor are): Higher output, faster in operation
DISADVANTAGES

➨ (Disadvantages of thermocouple are): Non linearity, least stability, Low


voltage, Reference is needed, least sensitivity etc.  

➨ (Disadvantages of RTD are ): Lower absolute resistance, expensive, current


source needed, less rugged compare to thermocouples etc.

➨ (Disadvantages of thermistor are): Nonlinearity, limited support for


temperature range, current source needed, fragile, self-heating etc.
APPLICATIONS

Motors Surface plates Computers

Food
Industrial production: 3D
Equipment Printed
Chocolates
THANK YOU!!
• https://www.ti.com/sensors/temperature-sensors/applicati
REFERENC ons.html

• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_temperature_sensor
ES s

• https://www.electronics-tutorials.ws/io/io_3.html

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