Computer Aided Design and Computer Aided Manufacturing: Ashima Wadhwa

Computer Aided Design and
Computer Aided Manufacturing
Ashima Wadhwa
1
IE433-CAD/CAM
• CAD/CAM = Computer Aided Design and
Computer Aided Manufacturing. It is the
technology concerned with the use of
computers to perform design and
manufacturing functions.
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• CAD can be defined as the use of computer
systems to perform certain functions in the
design process.
• CAM is the use of computer systems to
plan, manage and control the operations of
manufacturing plant through either direct or
indirect computer interface with the plant’s
production resources.
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From CAM definition, the application of
CAM falls into two broad categories:
1. Computer monitoring and control .
Process
Computer Process
data
Process data
Computer Process
Control signals
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2. Manufacturing support application .
Process data
Computer Mfg
Control signals operations
5
The Product Cycle and
CAD/CAM
In order to establish the scope and definition
of CAD/CAM in an engineering environment
and identify existing and future related tools,
a study of a typical product cycle is
necessary. The following Figure shows a
flowchart of such a cycle.
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Typical Product Life Cycle
The Design Process
Design Collecting
Design definitions, relevant design
needs specifications, information and
and requirements feasibility study
Synthesis
Analysis The CAD Process
Design Design
Design Design Design Design
documentation and modeling and
evaluation optimization analysis conceptualization
communication simulation
The Manufacturing Process

Production
planning The CAM Process
Design and
procurement of
Process
new tools Quality Packaging
planning Production Shipping
control
Order
materials
NC, CNC, DNC

programming
Marketing
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• The product begins with a need which is identified
based on customers' and markets' demands.
• The product goes through two main processes from
the idea conceptualization to the finished product:
1. The design process.
2. The manufacturing process.

The main sub-processes that constitute the design process
are:
1. Synthesis.
2. Analysis.
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Implementation of a Typical CAD Process on
a CAD/CAM system
Delineation of Design changes Design and
geometric model Analysis algorithms
Definition Drafting and

translator detailing
Geometric model
Documentation
Interface
algorithms To CAM Process
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CAD Tools Required to Support the Design Process
Design phase Required CAD tools

Design conceptualization Geometric modeling techniques;
Graphics aids; manipulations; and
visualization
Design modeling and simulation Same as above; animation; assemblies;
special modeling packages.
Design analysis Analysis packages; customized
programs and packages.
Design optimization Customized applications; structural
optimization.
Design evaluation Dimensioning; tolerances; BOM; NC.
Design communication and Drafting and detailing…
documentation
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Implementation of a Typical CAM Process on
a CAD/CAM system
Geometric model Inspection
Interface
algorithms Assembly
Process planning Packaging
NC programs
To shipping and marketing
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Definition of CAD/CAM Tools Based on Their
Implementation in an Engineering Environment
Hardware
Design and Software

+ Computer = CAD/CAM tools
Mfg tools
Networking
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Automation and CAD/CAM
Automation can be defined as the
technology concerned with the application
of complex mechanical, electronic, and
computer-based systems in the operation
and control of manufacturing systems.
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Computer Technology in Automation
Most of the automated production systems implemented today
make use of computers. CAD/CAM in addition to its particular
emphasis on the use of computer technology, is also
distinguished by the fact that it includes not only the
manufacturing operations but also the design and planning
functions that precede manufacturing.

To emphasize the differences in scope between automation and
CAD/CAM, consider the following mathematical model:

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Advantages of CAD/CAM
systems
• Greater flexibility. • Better product design.
• Reduced lead times. • Greater manufacturing
• Reduced inventories. control.
• Increased Productivity. • Supported integration.
• Improved customer • Reduced costs.
service. • Increased utilization.
• Improved quality. • Reduction of machine
• Improved communications tools.
with suppliers. • Less floor space.
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Computer Aided Design and

Computer Aided Manufacturing

The Manufacturing Process

NC, CNC, DNC

Definition Drafting and

Design phase Required CAD tools

Process planning Packaging

Design and Software

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