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    Presenting Data

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    Anne Rose Coderias
    This document provides guidance on presenting, analyzing, and discussing data in a research paper using the IMRAD format. It recommends starting the presentation section with general data and description, then presenting main and secondary results. The analysis section involves preparing data by cleaning, transforming, and modeling it. Common analysis types include relational analysis like correlation and regression, and comparison analysis to test hypotheses. The discussion section should interpret the main results, compare to literature, discuss secondary results and study limits/strengths, and conclude by validating hypotheses.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Presenting Data

    Uploaded by

    Anne Rose Coderias
    19 views24 pages
    This document provides guidance on presenting, analyzing, and discussing data in a research paper using the IMRAD format. It recommends starting the presentation section with general data and description, then presenting main and secondary results. The analysis section involves preparing data by cleaning, transforming, and modeling it. Common analysis types include relational analysis like correlation and regression, and comparison analysis to test hypotheses. The discussion section should interpret the main results, compare to literature, discuss secondary results and study limits/strengths, and conclude by validating hypotheses.

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    This document provides guidance on presenting, analyzing, and discussing data in a research paper using the IMRAD format. It recommends starting the presentation section with general data and description, then presenting main and secondary results. The analysis section involves preparing data by cleaning, transforming, and modeling it. Common analysis types include relational analysis like correlation and regression, and comparison analysis to test hypotheses. The discussion section should interpret the main results, compare to literature, discuss secondary results and study limits/strengths, and conclude by validating hypotheses.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    19 views24 pages

    Presenting Data

    Uploaded by

    Anne Rose Coderias
    This document provides guidance on presenting, analyzing, and discussing data in a research paper using the IMRAD format. It recommends starting the presentation section with general data and description, then presenting main and secondary results. The analysis section involves preparing data by cleaning, transforming, and modeling it. Common analysis types include relational analysis like correlation and regression, and comparison analysis to test hypotheses. The discussion section should interpret the main results, compare to literature, discuss secondary results and study limits/strengths, and conclude by validating hypotheses.

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    From

    PIECES
    Write a research paper
    following the IMRAD format
    ( Presenting, Analyzing and Discussing Data )
    Presenting your
    data
    Presenting data or the results
    of your experiments requires
    logical thinking. You need to
    know the flow which can best
    present your obtained
    information.
    It is good to follow the flow
    below as presented by De
    Araujo ((2014) in his article
    entitled Detailing the Writing
    of Scientific Manuscripts:
    1. Start with the presentation
    of your general data. This
    includes the description of
    sample and information about
    the section flow and actual
    performance of the study.
    2. Present your:
    a. Main Results- these are the most important
    variables in the study
    b. Main Results II- these are additional results and
    other analysis of the most important variables
    c. Secondary Results- these are the other study
    variables
    d. Secondary Results II- these are additional results of
    variables or the interrelation or interaction between
    them.
    e. Other results and analysis carried out in the
    study.
    Analyzing your data
    Data analysis is a process of
    cleaning, transforming and
    modeling data which aims to
    discover or unfold useful
    information that can be used in
    arriving to conclusions of the
    study.
    Before you proceed to the analysis, you
    first have to prepare your data where the
    aim is to convert raw data into something
    meaningful and readable. This process
    includes four steps as shown by Bhatia
    (2018) in an article entitled Your Guide to
    Qualitative and Quantitative Data
    Analysis Methods:
    If you would like to understand the relationship between
    two or more variables, you can perform Relational
    Analysis such as the:
    (a) Correlation analysis which identifies the strength of
    the relationship between two variables. A positive
    relationship means both variables are going in the same
    direction, whereas a negative relationship means the
    variables are going in opposite directions. A zero value
    means there is no relationship between the two variables;
    and
    (b) Regression analysis with the goal of estimating the
    value of one variable as a function of one or more other
    variables.
    If you would like to test hypotheses
    on a sample mean or to compare
    means of two samples, you may do
    a Comparison Analysis. This type
    of analysis results to either “there is
    a statistically significant difference”
    or “there is no statistically significant
    difference” between variables
    Discussing your data
    Bear in mind that no matter how
    good your data are, if you cannot
    discuss it properly, the readers may
    not understand what you are trying
    to show them. This means that a
    good data must always be
    accompanied by an effective
    discussion.
    This will be followed by the interpretation of
    the main result or what has been found in
    the study. Compare this result with the
    existing literature and see how it confirms
    previous data. For further comparison with
    the literature, you may explore
    methodological or mechanistic differences.
    Next, you may proceed to the main result’s
    contribution to knowledge or its main
    message.
    Afterwards, you may interpret
    the secondary results and
    discuss what these results
    inform or mean. Compare the
    results with the literature as well
    and highlight some
    developments.
    You also have to include the limits of
    the study, its strengths and
    weaknesses that hindered the
    practical application of the results
    and their interpretations. Emphasize
    the strengths of the study and open
    the possibilities for the weaknesses
    to be further researched.
    Lastly, you need to end your
    discussion with the
    conclusions and implications.
    These validate your
    hypotheses and answer your
    research questions.

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