Jerome Bruner was an American psychologist who developed a constructivist theory of learning. Some of Bruner's main concepts included representation, spiral curriculum, discovery learning, and categorization. Bruner proposed that learning involves three types of representation - enactive, iconic, and symbolic. He also emphasized discovery learning, where learners construct new ideas based on their experiences. Bruner's theory of instruction addressed how to structure knowledge, sequence lessons effectively, and use reinforcement to facilitate learning. His work in categorization examined how learners group objects based on attributes to understand concepts.
Jerome Bruner was an American psychologist who developed a constructivist theory of learning. Some of Bruner's main concepts included representation, spiral curriculum, discovery learning, and categorization. Bruner proposed that learning involves three types of representation - enactive, iconic, and symbolic. He also emphasized discovery learning, where learners construct new ideas based on their experiences. Bruner's theory of instruction addressed how to structure knowledge, sequence lessons effectively, and use reinforcement to facilitate learning. His work in categorization examined how learners group objects based on attributes to understand concepts.
Jerome Bruner was an American psychologist who developed a constructivist theory of learning. Some of Bruner's main concepts included representation, spiral curriculum, discovery learning, and categorization. Bruner proposed that learning involves three types of representation - enactive, iconic, and symbolic. He also emphasized discovery learning, where learners construct new ideas based on their experiences. Bruner's theory of instruction addressed how to structure knowledge, sequence lessons effectively, and use reinforcement to facilitate learning. His work in categorization examined how learners group objects based on attributes to understand concepts.
Jerome Bruner was an American psychologist who developed a constructivist theory of learning. Some of Bruner's main concepts included representation, spiral curriculum, discovery learning, and categorization. Bruner proposed that learning involves three types of representation - enactive, iconic, and symbolic. He also emphasized discovery learning, where learners construct new ideas based on their experiences. Bruner's theory of instruction addressed how to structure knowledge, sequence lessons effectively, and use reinforcement to facilitate learning. His work in categorization examined how learners group objects based on attributes to understand concepts.
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BRUNER’S
CONSTRUCTIVIST THEORY. MODULE NO . 13 Who is JEROME BRUNERS? Jerome Bruner was an American psychologist who made important contributions to human cognitive psychology as well as cognitive learning theory in educational psychology. Bruner's Main Concepts
Enactive Representation Iconic Representation Symbolic Representation Enactive Representation Children/person learn about the world through actions on physical objects and the outcomes of these actions. Iconic Representation
Learning can be obtained through using models and pictures. Symbolic Representation
Which the learner
develops the capacity to think in abstract terms. Spiral Curriculum
an approach to teaching, widely attributed to the American Psychologist and Cognitive Theorist Jerome Bruner. Spiral Curriculum teachers must revisit the curriculum by teaching the same content in different ways depending on student’s developmental levels. Principles of Instruction stated by BRUNER:
1. Instruction must be concerned
with the experiences & context that make the student willing & able to learn (readiness). 2. Instruction must be structured so that it can be easily grasped by the student . (spiral organization) 3. Instruction should be designed to facilitate extrapolation and or fill in the gaps (going beyond the information given). Discovery Learning
is an inquiry-based learning method
that takes a constructivist approach to education. obtaining knowledge for oneself. THEORY OF INSTRUCTION
A major theme in the theoretical
framework of Bruner . Bruner (1966) states that a theory of instruction should address four major aspects: A Theory of Instruction (four major aspects)
1)Predisposition to learn 2)Structure of Knowledge 3)Effective Sequencing 4)Reinforcement Predisposition to learn Bruner believed that any subject could be taught at any stage of development in a way that fits the child's cognitive abilities. Structure of Knowledge.
The ways in which a body of
knowledge can be structured so that it can be most readily grasped by the learner. Effective sequencing
No one sequencing will fit
every learner, but in general, the lesson can be presented in increasing difficulty. Reinforcement The nature of rewards and punishments should specified in the process of teaching learning. Categorization Bruner states that perceive is to categorize, to conceptualize is to categorize, to learnis to form categories, to make decisions is to categorize. Categories are rules that specify four thing about objects.
1. Critical Attributes - required characteristics
for inclusion of object in a category.
2. The second rule prescribes how the criterial
attributes are combined. 3. The third rule assigns weight to various properties.
4. The fourth rule sets acceptance limits
on attributes. Some attributes can vary widely, such as color. Others are fixed. There are several kinds of categories:
1. Identity categories - categories
include objects based on their attributes features. 2. Equivalent categories - provide rules for combining categories 2. Equivalent categories - equivalence can be 3. Coding systems - are categories that serve to recognize sensory input BRUNER’S CONSTRUCTIVIST THEORY.
Jerome Bruner was an American psychologist
Bruner's Main Concepts : Representation, Spiral Curriculum, Discovery Learning, Categorization 3 Representation: Enactive, Iconic, Symbolic Representation Discovery Learning - obtaining knowledge for oneself. THEORY OF INSTRUCTION - major theme in the theoretical framework of Bruner. A Theory of Instruction (four major aspects) : Predisposition to learn, Structure of Knowledge,Effective Sequencing, Reinforcement Critical Attributes - required characteristics for inclusion of object in a category. Identity categories - include objects based on their attributes features. Equivalent categories - rules for combining categories. Coding systems - serve to recognize sensory input THANK YOU !! QUIZ:
1. An American psychologist who
made important contributions to human cognitive psychology as well as cognitive learning theory in educational psychology. 2-4. (3) Representation 5. A major theme in the theoretical framework of Bruner .
6. Refers to obtaining knowledge
for oneself. 7. The ways in which a body of knowledge can be structured so that it can be most readily grasped by the learner. 8.The nature of rewards and punishments should specified in the process of teaching learning. 9. Bruner believed that any subject could be taught at any stage of development in a way that fits the child's cognitive abilitie ANSWERS 1. Jerome Bruner 2-4 (In any order) ENACTIVE REPRESENTATION, ICONIC REPRESENTATION, SYMBOLIC REPRESENTATION 5. Theory of Instruction 6. Discovery of Learning 7. Structure of Knowledge 8. Reinforcement 9. Predisposition to learn
